Next Generation Mucosal Vaccine Strategy for Respiratory Pathogens DOI Creative Commons
Farokh Dotiwala, Arun Kumar Upadhyay

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1585 - 1585

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

Inducing humoral and cytotoxic mucosal immunity at the sites of pathogen entry has potential to prevent infection from getting established. This is different systemic vaccination, which protects against development symptoms. The field vaccination seen fewer technological advances compared nucleic acid subunit vaccine for injectable platforms. advent next-generation adenoviral vectors given a boost research. Basic research into mechanisms regulating innate adaptive discovery effective safe adjuvants will continue improve design. results clinical trials inhaled COVID-19 vaccines demonstrate their ability induce proliferation T cells production secreted IgA IgG antibodies locally, unlike intramuscular vaccinations. However, these immune responses par with review summarizes function respiratory mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue advantages that provide as

Language: Английский

mRNA vaccines: The future of prevention of viral infections? DOI
Piotr Rzymski, Agnieszka Szuster−Ciesielska, Tomasz Dzieciątkowski

et al.

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Abstract Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against COVID‐19 are the first authorized biological preparations developed using this platform. During pandemic, their administration has been proven to be a life‐saving intervention. Here, we review main advantages of mRNA vaccines, identify further technological challenges met during development platform, and provide an update on clinical progress leading vaccine candidates different viruses that include influenza viruses, human immunodeficiency virus 1, respiratory syncytial virus, Nipah Zika cytomegalovirus, Epstein‐Barr virus. The prospects manufacturing in low‐income countries also discussed. ongoing interest research technology likely overcome some existing for (e.g., related storage conditions immunogenicity components lipid nanoparticles) enhance portfolio diseases which classical formulations already authorized. It may open novel pathways protection infections consequences no safe efficient immunization methods currently available.

Language: Английский

Citations

49
Mucosal vaccines for SARS-CoV-2: triumph of hope over experience DOI Creative Commons

Devaki Pilapitiya,

Adam K. Wheatley, Hyon‐Xhi Tan

et al.

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 92, P. 104585 - 104585

Published: May 3, 2023

Currently approved COVID-19 vaccines administered parenterally induce robust systemic humoral and cellular responses. While highly effective against severe disease, there is reduced effectiveness of these in preventing breakthrough infection and/or onward transmission, likely due to poor immunity elicited at the respiratory mucosa. As such, has been considerable interest developing novel mucosal that engenders more localised immune responses provide better protection recall site virus entry, contrast traditional vaccine approaches focus on immunity. In this review, we explore adaptive components immunity, evaluate epidemiological studies dissect if conferred by parenteral vaccination or drives differential efficacy acquisition discuss undergoing clinical trials assess key challenges prospects for development.

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Protein subunit vaccines: Promising frontiers against COVID-19 DOI
Vivek P. Chavda, Eswara Naga Hanuma Kumar Ghali, Pankti C. Balar

et al.

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 366, P. 761 - 782

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Advances and future perspectives of intranasal drug delivery: A scientometric review DOI
Dong Xu, Xujiao Song,

Xue Chen

et al.

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 367, P. 366 - 384

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

19
mRNA-Based Vaccines and Therapeutics for COVID-19 and Future Pandemics DOI Creative Commons
Vivek P. Chavda,

Shailvi Soni,

Lalitkumar K. Vora

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 2150 - 2150

Published: Dec. 15, 2022

An unheard mobilization of resources to find SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapies has been sparked by the COVID-19 pandemic. Two years ago, COVID-19’s launch propelled mRNA-based technologies into public eye. Knowledge gained from mRNA technology used combat is assisting in creation treatments treat existing illnesses may avert pandemics future. Exploiting capacity create therapeutic proteins impede or a variety illnesses, including cancer, main goal quickly developing, highly multidisciplinary field biomedicine. In this review, we explore potential as vaccine using current research findings.

Language: Английский

Citations

64
Vaccines, adjuvants and key factors for mucosal immune response DOI Open Access
Victor Araujo Correa, Amanda Izeli Portilho, Elizabeth De Gaspari

et al.

Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 167(2), P. 124 - 138

Published: June 25, 2022

Vaccines are the most effective tool to control infectious diseases, which provoke significant morbidity and mortality rates. Most vaccines administered through parenteral route can elicit a robust systemic humoral response, but they induce weak T-cell-mediated immunity poor inducers of mucosal protection. Considering that pathogens enter body surfaces, vaccine elicits protection in first site contact between host pathogen is promising. However, despite advantages as good options confer on surface, only few currently approved. In this review, we discuss impact administration different surfaces; how appropriate adjuvants enhance induction protective other factors influence immune response vaccines.

Language: Английский

Citations

55
Instructing durable humoral immunity for COVID-19 and other vaccinable diseases DOI Creative Commons
Deepta Bhattacharya

Immunity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(6), P. 945 - 964

Published: May 10, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Upper respiratory tract mucosal immunity for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Rupsha Fraser, Aurelio Orta‐Resendiz, Alexander Mazein

et al.

Trends in Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 255 - 267

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality, but has less impact on viral transmission rates, thus aiding evolution, the longevity of vaccine-induced immunity rapidly declines. Immune responses in respiratory tract mucosal tissues are crucial for early control infection, can generate long-term antigen-specific protection with prompt recall responses. However, currently approved vaccines not amenable to adequate delivery, particularly upper airways, which could account high vaccine breakthrough infection rates limited duration vaccine-mediated protection. In view these drawbacks, we outline a strategy that potential enhance both efficacy durability existing vaccines, by inducing robust memory (URT) mucosa.

Language: Английский

Citations

35
Hybrid Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 from Infection and Vaccination—Evidence Synthesis and Implications for New COVID-19 Vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Júlia Spinardi, Amit Srivastava

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 370 - 370

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

COVID-19 has taken a severe toll on the global population through infections, hospitalizations, and deaths. Elucidating SARS-CoV-2 infection-derived immunity led to development of multiple effective vaccines their implementation into mass-vaccination programs worldwide. After ~3 years, substantial proportion human possesses from infection and/or vaccination. With waning immune protection over time against emerging variants, it is essential understand duration protection, breadth coverage, effects reinfection. This targeted review summarizes available research literature infection-derived, vaccination-elicited, hybrid immunity. Infection-derived shown 93-100% outcomes for up 8 months, but reinfection observed with some virus variants. Vaccination elicits high levels neutralizing antibodies CD4+ CD8+ T-cell responses. Hybrid enables strong, broad responses, high-quality memory B cells generated at 5- 10-fold higher levels, versus or vaccination alone symptomatic disease lasting 6-8 months. evolution more transmissible immunologically divergent variants necessitated updating vaccines. To ensure continued regulators vaccine technical committees recommend variant-specific bivalent

Language: Английский

Citations

35
Detrimental effects of COVID-19 in the brain and therapeutic options for long COVID: The role of Epstein–Barr virus and the gut–brain axis DOI Creative Commons
Kenji Hashimoto

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(12), P. 4968 - 4976

Published: July 4, 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in a serious public health burden worldwide. In addition to respiratory, heart, and gastrointestinal symptoms, patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 experience number of persistent neurological psychiatric known as long COVID or "brain fog". Studies autopsy samples from who died COVID-19 detected the brain. Furthermore, increasing evidence shows that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation after might play role symptoms. Moreover, alterations microbiome contribute this article, author reviews detrimental effects on brain, biological mechanisms (e.g., EBV reactivation, changes gut, nasal, oral, lung microbiomes) underlying COVID. addition, discusses potential therapeutic approaches based gut-brain axis, including plant-based diet, probiotics prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, vagus nerve stimulation, sigma-1 receptor agonist fluvoxamine.

Language: Английский

Citations

35