Thoracic Cancer,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
13(2), P. 219 - 227
Published: Nov. 25, 2021
Abstract
Background
Pretreatment
and
on‐treatment
plasma
cytokine
levels
in
predicting
clinical
benefit
patients
with
advanced
non‐small
cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC)
treated
anti‐programmed
death‐1
(PD‐1)‐based
chemotherapy
is
still
a
matter
of
debate.
Methods
We
measured
12
kind
cytokines
stage
III/IV
NSCLC
before
during
treatment
anti‐PD‐1
based
chemotherapy.
Associations
best
overall
response,
survival
including
progression‐free
(PFS)
(OS)
were
assessed
using
Chi‐square
test
Kaplan–Meier
plots
log‐rank
test,
respectively.
Logistic
regression
Cox
used
to
determine
independent
risk
factors.
Results
Of
total
60
patients,
high‐level
pretreatment
interleukin‐2
was
associated
longer
PFS
(log
rank
p
=
0.049),
while
interleukin‐8
shorter
OS
0.006).
Increased
interleukin‐1β
(IL‐1β)
both
better
response
(odds
ratio
[OR]
6.233,
95%
confidential
interval
[CI]:
1.451–26.344,
0.013)
(hazard
[HR]
0.305,
CI:
0.127–0.730,
0.008).
On
the
contrary,
increased
interleukin‐6
(IL‐6)
worse
(OR
0.015,
0.001–0.400,
0.012),
(HR
2.639,
1.163–5.991,
0.020)
2.742,
1.063–7.074,
0.037).
interferon‐γ
(IFN‐γ)
found
be
0.336,
0.153–0.745,
0.007).
Conclusions
In
who
received
chemoimmunotherapy,
IL‐1β
IFN‐γ
may
serve
as
positive
indicator
efficacy,
IL‐6
might
play
predictive
role
outcome.
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(16), P. 4059 - 4059
Published: Aug. 22, 2022
With
400,000
diagnosed
and
180,000
deaths
in
2020,
renal
cell
carcinoma
(RCC)
accounts
for
2.4%
of
all
cancer
diagnoses
worldwide.
The
highest
disease
burden
developed
countries,
primarily
Europe
North
America.
Incidence
is
projected
to
increase
the
future
as
more
countries
shift
Western
lifestyles.
Risk
factors
RCC
include
fixed
such
gender,
age,
hereditary
diseases,
well
intervening
smoking,
obesity,
hypertension,
diabetes,
diet
alcohol,
occupational
exposure.
Intervening
primary
prevention,
understanding
congenital
risk
establishment
early
diagnostic
tools
are
important
RCC.
This
review
will
discuss
epidemiology,
factors,
biomarkers
involved
reducing
incidence
improving
survival.
Small,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(35)
Published: May 1, 2024
Abstract
Cancer
nanovaccines
represent
a
promising
frontier
in
cancer
immunotherapy,
utilizing
nanotechnology
to
augment
traditional
vaccine
efficacy.
This
review
comprehensively
examines
the
current
state‐of‐the‐art
nanovaccine
development,
elucidating
innovative
strategies
and
technologies
employed
their
design.
It
explores
both
preclinical
clinical
advancements,
emphasizing
key
studies
demonstrating
potential
elicit
robust
anti‐tumor
immune
responses.
The
study
encompasses
various
facets,
including
integrating
biomaterial‐based
nanocarriers
for
antigen
delivery,
adjuvant
selection,
impact
of
nanoscale
properties
on
performance.
Detailed
insights
into
complex
interplay
between
tumor
microenvironment
responses
are
provided,
highlighting
challenges
opportunities
optimizing
therapeutic
outcomes.
Additionally,
presents
thorough
analysis
ongoing
trials,
presenting
snapshot
landscape.
By
curating
latest
scientific
findings
developments,
this
aims
serve
as
comprehensive
resource
researchers
clinicians
engaged
advancing
immunotherapy.
Integrating
design
holds
immense
promise
revolutionizing
treatment
paradigms,
provides
timely
update
evolving
landscape
nanovaccines.
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
35(11)
Published: Aug. 31, 2021
Abstract
Solid
cancers
comprise
a
large
number
of
new
cases
and
deaths
from
cancer
each
year
globally.
There
are
strategies
for
addressing
tumors
raised
solid
organs
including
surgery,
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
targeted
therapy,
immunotherapy,
combinational
stem
cell
extracellular
vesicle
(EV)
therapy.
Surgery,
chemotherapy
the
dominant
cures,
but
not
always
effective,
in
which
even
localized
tumor
there
is
possibility
relapse
after
surgical
resection.
Over
half
patients
will
receive
radiotherapy
as
part
their
therapeutic
schedule.
Radiotherapy
can
cause
an
abscopal
response
boosting
activity
immune
system
outside
local
field
radiation,
it
may
also
unwanted
bystander
effect,
predisposing
nonradiated
cells
into
carcinogenesis.
In
context
checkpoint
inhibition
known
standard‐of‐care,
major
concern
regard
with
cold
that
show
low
responses
to
such
Stem‐cell
therapy
be
used
send
prodrugs
toward
area;
this
strategy,
however,
has
its
own
predicaments,
attraction
other
sites
healthy
tissues
instability.
A
substitute
quite
novel
strategy
use
EVs,
by
virtue
stability
potential
cross
biological
barriers
long‐term
storage
contents.
Combination
current
focus.
Despite
advances
field,
still
unmet
concerns
area
effective
raising
challenges
opportunities
future
investigations.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
145, P. 112419 - 112419
Published: Nov. 12, 2021
Interleukin-6
(IL-6)
is
a
multi-tasking
cytokine
that
represents
high
activity
in
patients
with
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
and
cancer.
High
concentration
of
this
pleiotropic
accounts
for
hyperinflammation
storm,
related
to
multi-organ
failure
SARS-CoV-2
induced
disease.
IL-6
promotes
lymphopenia
increases
C-reactive
protein
(CRP)
such
cases.
However,
blockade
not
full-proof
complete
response.
Hypoxia,
hypoxemia,
aberrant
angiogenesis
chronic
inflammation
are
inter-related
events
occurring
as
response
the
stimulatory
effect
on
activity.
Taking
both
pro-
anti-inflammatory
activities
will
make
complex
targeting
patient
The
aim
review
was
discuss
about
interactions
within
body
disease
who
representing
levels,
determine
whether
inhibition
therapy
effective
or
not.
We
also
address
targeted
therapies
cancer
have
Cancer Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(15), P. 2934 - 2943
Published: March 17, 2022
Immunotherapy
using
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
is
the
current
focus
in
cancer
immunotherapy.
However,
issues
are
raised
area,
as
recent
studies
showed
that
such
therapeutic
modality
suffers
from
low
durability
and
or
no
efficacy
for
patients
with
some
tumor
types
including
cases
non-inflamed
cold
cancers.
Therefore,
efforts
have
been
made
to
solve
issue
combination
therapy,
use
of
immunocytokines.
The
ICI
interleukins
(ILs)
IL-targeting
agents
now
under
consideration
area
primary
results
promising.
this
review
discuss
possibility
ILs
drugs
immunotherapy
describing
advances
field
PEGylated
fusion
proteins.
key
reduce
adverse
events
increase
therapy.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Nov. 2, 2023
Natural
killer
(NK)
cells
kill
mutant
through
death
receptors
and
cytotoxic
granules,
playing
an
essential
role
in
controlling
cancer
progression.
However,
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME),
NK
frequently
exhibit
exhausted
status,
which
impairs
their
immunosurveillance
function
contributes
to
immune
evasion.
Emerging
studies
are
ongoing
reveal
properties
mechanisms
of
cell
exhaustion
TME.
In
this
review,
we
will
briefly
introduce
maturation,
localization,
homeostasis,
cytotoxicity
cells.
We
then
summarize
current
understanding
main
underlying
TME
four
aspects:
dysregulation
inhibitory
activating
signaling,
cell-derived
factors,
immunosuppressive
cells,
metabolism
exhaustion.
also
discuss
therapeutic
approaches
currently
being
developed
reverse
enhance
