Depression in young people

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 400(10352), P. 617 - 631

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Child maltreatment and depression: A meta-analysis of studies using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 102, P. 104361 - 104361

Published: Feb. 13, 2020

Language: Английский

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Childhood trauma and adult mental disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of longitudinal cohort studies

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 143(3), P. 189 - 205

Published: Dec. 15, 2020

To systematically review evidence for the association between trauma experienced in childhood or adolescence, and subsequent experience of affective psychotic mental disorders adulthood.Electronic databases (Scopus, Medline (for Ovid), EMBASE PsychINFO) were searched peer-reviewed, longitudinal cohort studies English language examining child adolescent exposure to trauma, adult-diagnosed depression, anxiety, disorder bipolar disorder. A total 23 manuscripts retained.Results revealed a significant following exposures adult disorder: bullying (victimhood, perpetration frequency); emotional abuse; physical neglect; parental loss; general maltreatment (unspecified and/or multiple exposure). There was some dose-response relationship with those exposed forms having more than three times odds developing (Odds ratio = 3.11, 95% CI 1.36-7.14). no found sexual abuse disorder; however, this is likely an artefact how these adversities assessed.There strong later illness. This particularly evident bullying, abuse, loss. The suggests that adolescence are important time risk illness, period which focus intervention strategies.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and Predictors of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Youth at the Time of COVID-19: An Online Cross-Sectional Multicountry Study

Depression Research and Treatment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2020, P. 1 - 9

Published: Oct. 6, 2020

Depression and anxiety are prevalent mental illnesses among young people. Crisis like the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may increase current prevalence of these illnesses. A cross-sectional, descriptive design was used to (1) explore depression, anxiety, stress youth (2) identify what extent certain variables related COVID-19 could predict (DAS) people in six different countries. Participants were requested complete an online survey including demographics DAS scale. total 1,057 participants from Oman (), Saudi Arabia id="M2" transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)">), Jordan id="M3" id="g113-52" d="M285 378C315 398 416 353 432C373 451 474 503C384 579 325 236 635H235C182 136 610 108 579L65 516L85 496C110 533 150 575 575C258 300 543 481C300 407 232 141 339L147 310C163 188 211 321C268 284 192C338 94 40 217 40C160 68 93 91C85 98 91C60 84 47 46 58C44 48 35 62 22C75 10 162 -12C234 424 224C424 297 373 359 285 376V378Z"/>), Iraq id="M4" transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,33.901,0)">), United Arab Emirates id="M5" id="g113-53" d="M456 178V225H360V632H320C217 496 115 20 206V178H280V106C280 276 189 27V0H445V27C364 106V178H456ZM280 225H82C149 335 214 278 520H280V225Z"/>), Egypt id="M6" id="g113-57" d="M249 635C141 70 471C70 114 179 316C143 294 90 252C68 202 157C45 237 -12C322 169C435 256 372 304 303 343C349 375 383 407C401 429 411 458 487C411 569 344 249 635ZM238 603C285 603 337 567 482C337 422 310 385 358C205 426 500C145 552 603ZM248 20C183 125 163C125 218 158 268 206 300C284 261 355 143C355 248 20Z"/>) completed study. The 57%, 40.5%, 38.1%, respectively, with no significant differences between Significant predictors stress, depression being female, contact a friend and/or family member illness, quarantined for 14 days, using internet. In conclusion, is epidemiological crisis that casting shadow on youths' DAS. restrictions prolonged lockdowns imposed by negatively impacting their level Healthcare organisations, collaboration various sectors, recommended apply psychological first aid appropriate educational programmes improve health youth.

Language: Английский

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Clinical Practice Guideline for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Major and Persistent Depressive Disorders

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 62(5), P. 479 - 502

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota Metabolites in Major Depressive Disorder—Deep Insights into Their Pathophysiological Role and Potential Translational Applications

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 50 - 50

Published: Jan. 8, 2022

The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem essential for the proper functioning of organism, affecting health disease status individuals. There continuous bidirectional communication between host, conforming to unique entity known as “holobiont”. Among these crosstalk mechanisms, synthesizes broad spectrum bioactive compounds or metabolites which exert pleiotropic effects on human organism. Many microbial can cross blood–brain barrier (BBB) have significant brain, playing key role in so-called microbiota-gut-brain axis. An altered (MGB) axis major characteristic many neuropsychiatric disorders, including depressive disorder (MDD). Significative differences eubiosis dysbiosis mental disorders like MDD with their different metabolite composition concentrations are being discussed. In present review, main (short-chain fatty acids -SCFAs-, bile acids, amino tryptophan -trp- derivatives, more), signaling pathways functions will be summarized explain part pathophysiology. Conclusions from promising translational approaches related metabolome addressed more depth discuss possible clinical value management patients.

Language: Английский

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Type and dose-response effect of adverse childhood experiences in predicting depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 139, P. 106091 - 106091

Published: Feb. 12, 2023

Language: Английский

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Early maladaptive schemas and depression in adulthood: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 29(1), P. 111 - 130

Published: June 16, 2021

Improved understanding of the specific cognitive risk factors associated with depression is needed to inform prevention and treatment approaches. Recent research has examined relationship between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) depression, but findings were yet be integrated using meta-analytic methods. The aim this review was synthesize evidence on EMS.A systematic meta-analysis conducted in accordance Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, by searching PsycINFO, PubMed CINAHL databases. Included studies peer-reviewed journal articles that one or more EMS adulthood participants aged 18 years older.A total 51 included (k = 743; pooled N 17,830). All EMSs positively correlated effect sizes ranging from small (r .23 [.17, .29]; Entitlement) large .53 [.46, .60]; Social Isolation; r .50, 95% CI [.45, .54]; Defectiveness/Shame).The suggests individuals who feel like they do not belong, are flawed, bad unlovable, report higher levels depression. However, most used cross-sectional designs, further longitudinal establish direction These can guide preventative Focusing Isolation Defectiveness/Shame may aid relieving depressive symptoms.

Language: Английский

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Early Life Stress Predicts Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 12, 2021

Background Exposure to early life stress (ELS) is alarmingly prevalent and has been linked the high rates of depression documented in adolescence. Researchers have theorized that ELS may increase adolescents’ vulnerability or reactivity effects subsequent stressors, placing them at higher risk for developing symptoms depression. Methods We tested this formulation a longitudinal study by assessing levels during COVID-19 pandemic sample adolescents from San Francisco Bay Area ( N = 109; 43 male; ages 13–20 years) who had characterized 3–7 years earlier M 5.06, SD 0.86 with respect exposure Results As expected, severity predicted depressive [ r (107) 0.26, p 0.006], which were females than males t −3.56, < 0.001]. Importantly, association between was mediated reported stress, even after controlling demographic variables. Conclusions These findings underscore importance monitoring mental health vulnerable children targeting perceived high-risk youth.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of neuroplasticity linking early adversity to depression: developmental considerations

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Oct. 9, 2021

Abstract Early exposure to psychosocial adversity is among the most potent predictors of depression. Because depression commonly emerges prior adulthood, we must consider fundamental principles developmental neuroscience when examining how experiences childhood adversity, including abuse and neglect, can lead Considering that both environment brain are highly dynamic across period spanning gestation through adolescence, purpose this review discuss integrate stress-based models center processes. We offer a general framework for understanding in early life disrupts or calibrates biobehavioral systems implicated Specifically, propose sources nature environmental input shaping brain, mechanisms neuroplasticity involved, change development. contend effects largely depend on stage organism. First, summarize leading neurobiological focus risk mental disorders, In particular, highlight allostatic load, acceleration maturation, dimensions sensitive critical s. Second, expound evidence formulation distinct depending timing adverse experiences, inherent within certain windows development constraints these experiences. Finally, other important facets (e.g., unpredictability, perceptions one’s experiences) before discussing promising research directions future field.

Language: Английский

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