Sarcopenia and cachexia: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions DOI Creative Commons
Tiantian Wang, Dong Zhou, Zhen Hong

et al.

MedComm, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Sarcopenia is defined as a muscle‐wasting syndrome that occurs with accelerated aging, while cachexia severe wasting associated conditions such cancer and immunodeficiency disorders, which cannot be fully addressed through conventional nutritional supplementation. can considered component of cachexia, the bidirectional interplay between adipose tissue skeletal muscle potentially serving molecular mechanism for both conditions. However, underlying mechanisms differ. Recognizing distinctions these disorders essential advancing basic translational research in this area, enhancing diagnostic accuracy ultimately achieving effective therapeutic solutions affected patients. This review discusses microenvironment's changes contributing to conditions, recent approaches like lifestyle modifications, small molecules, interventions, emerging strategies gene editing, stem cell therapy, gut microbiome modulation. We also address challenges opportunities multimodal aiming provide insights into pathogenesis sarcopenia aiding innovative strategy development improved treatments.

Language: Английский

Association between the quality of plant‐based diets and risk of frailty DOI Creative Commons
Mercedes Sotos‐Prieto, Ellen A. Struijk, Teresa T. Fung

et al.

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 2854 - 2862

Published: Sept. 30, 2022

The Mediterranean diet and other dietary patterns rich in fruits vegetables have been linked to lower risk of frailty older adults. However, not all plant-based diets are necessarily healthful, no previous study has evaluated the role quality risk. Our aim was assess association between frailty.Prospective cohort consisted with 82 234 women aged ≥60 years from Nurses' Health Study, who were followed 1990 through 2014. dates analysis April 14 June 23, 2021. Dietary data collected every 4 using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. assessed two indices (range 18-90 points): (a) healthful index (hPDI), where healthy plant foods (whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, vegetable oils tea/coffee) received positive scores, while less (fruit juices, sweetened beverages, refined potatoes, sweets/desserts) animal reverse scores; (b) unhealthful (uPDI) scores given foods. Frailty incidence years, being defined as having three or more following five criteria FRAIL scale: fatigue, low strength, reduced aerobic capacity, ≥5 illnesses weight loss ≥5%. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional-hazards models used estimate hazard ratios (HRs) their 95% confidence interval (CI).We identified 12 910 incident cases over 1 176 401 person-year follow-up. In multivariable analysis, hPDI inversely associated (hazard ratio [HR] for highest vs. lowest quintile: 0.77, interval: 0.72-0.81; P trend <0.001). addition, 10-unit increment relative 15% frailty. Conversely, direct found uPDI (HR 1.24 [1.17, 1.32], These associations consistent each criterion, among participants at baseline, after excluding diabetes, cancer cardiovascular disease alternative versions (PDIs), subgroup by categories potential confounders, latency analysis.A whereas an higher

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Myostatin: Basic biology to clinical application DOI
Pasquale Esposito, Daniela Picciotto, Yuri Battaglia

et al.

Advances in clinical chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 181 - 234

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

40
The Association Between Family Health and Frailty With the Mediation Role of Health Literacy and Health Behavior Among Older Adults in China: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study DOI Creative Commons
Haomiao Li, Yibo Wu, Zhongliang Bai

et al.

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9, P. e44486 - e44486

Published: June 27, 2023

Background Family health develops from the intersection of each family member and their interactions capacities as well family’s internal external resources. Frailty is most prominent typical clinical manifestation during population aging. may be effective in addressing frailty, this association mediated by literacy behaviors. Until now, it unclear whether how affects frailty older adults. Objective This study aimed to examine associations between mediation roles Methods A total 3758 participants aged ≥60 years were recruited a national survey conducted 2022 China for cross-sectional study. was measured using Short Form Health Scale. Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, Loss weight (FRAIL) scale. Potential mediators included behaviors (not smoking, not having alcohol intake, physical exercise ≥150 minutes per week, longer sleep duration, breakfast every day). Ordered logistic regression applied explore status. Mediation analysis based on Sobel tests used analyze indirect effects behaviors, Karlson-Holm-Breen method composite effects. Results showed that negatively associated with (odds ratio 0.94, 95% CI 0.93-0.96) covariates potential controlled. (8.04%), smoking (1.96%), duration (5.74%), day (10.98%) through composition. Conclusions can an important intervention target appears linked Chinese Improving promoting healthier lifestyles; improving literacy; delaying, managing, reversing frailty.

Language: Английский

Citations

31
A cross-talk between sestrins, chronic inflammation and cellular senescence governs the development of age-associated sarcopenia and obesity DOI
Gregory Livshits, Alexander Kalinkovich

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 86, P. 101852 - 101852

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Inflammatory markers and physical frailty: towards clinical application DOI Creative Commons
Yiming Pan, Lina Ma

Immunity & Ageing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Abstract Global population aging poses a tremendous burden on the health care system worldwide. Frailty is associated with decreased physical reserve and considered an important indicator of adverse events in older population. Therefore, there growing interest early diagnosis intervention frailty, but cellular mechanisms responsible for frailty are still not completely understood. Chronic inflammation related to function increased disease risk. Additionally, multiple human animal studies suggest that probably plays largest role contributing frailty. Some inflammatory markers have been proposed predict However, large gaps knowledge clinical application these frail patients. understanding biological processes identifying recognized reliable urgent pivotal tasks geriatricians. In present review, we broadly summarize may potential diagnostic therapeutic use, thereby translating them into people near future.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
The Association Between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and Frailty Symptoms: Mediating Effects of Oxidative Stress DOI Creative Commons
Yue Wu,

Siqi Cheng,

Shaoyuan Lei

et al.

Clinical Interventions in Aging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 163 - 173

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Background: There is growing evidence that an antioxidant diet a protective factor against frailty. However, few studies have examined the effect of comprehensive dietary antioxidants on frailty symptoms. The aim this study was to examine relationships between composite index (CDAI) and underlying mechanisms involved. Methods: Based National Health Nutrition Survey (NHANES) 2003– 2018, included 11,277 older persons aged ≥ 60 years. In study, defined as having total score > 0.21 49-item index. Six were selected for use in calculating CDAI. A weighted multiple logistic regression model with subgroup analysis restricted cubic splines (RCSs) used association CDAI To role oxidative stress, mediation analyses also conducted. Results: risk significant according multivariate model. Compared participants tertile 1, both 2 3 had lower odds developing symptoms (OR=0.86; 95% CI=0.75– 0.97; P=0.02; OR=0.81; CI=0.70– 0.93; P=0.003). According analyses, differences interactions not statistically significant. potential nonlinear relationship risk. serum albumin concentration uric acid mediating effects index, 19.25% ( P =0.002) 21.26% < 0.001) total, respectively. Conclusion: Frailty negatively associated score, which may be partially mediated by stress. Keywords: frailty, CDAI, NHANES, elderly adults

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Physical Activity and Oxidative Stress in Aging DOI Creative Commons
Rosamaria Militello, Simone Luti, Tania Gamberi

et al.

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 557 - 557

Published: May 1, 2024

Biological aging, characterized by changes in metabolism and physicochemical properties of cells, has an impact on public health. Environment lifestyle, including factors like diet physical activity, seem to play a key role healthy aging. Several studies have shown that regular activity can enhance antioxidant defense mechanisms, the enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase. However, intense or prolonged exercise also lead increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production temporarily, resulting oxidative stress. This phenomenon is referred “exercise-induced stress”. The relationship between stress aging complex depends various type, intensity, duration, frequency exercise, well individual differences capacity adaptation exercise. In this review, we analyzed what reported several authors regarding process hormesis tools for prevention treatment sarcopenia, aging-related disease. Finally, recently been studied relation effect sport women.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
The association between oxidative balance score and frailty in adults across a wide age spectrum: NHANES 2007–2018 DOI
Yan Liu, Yu Han, Yu-Qi Gao

et al.

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 5041 - 5049

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Frailty has been one of the most serious global public health challenges we will ever face.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Effects and potential mechanisms of exercise and physical activity on eye health and ocular diseases DOI Creative Commons
Qiuxiang Zhang,

Yuxian Jiang,

Chaohua Deng

et al.

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 22, 2024

In the field of eye health, profound impact exercise and physical activity on various ocular diseases has become a focal point attention. This review summarizes elucidates positive effects activities common diseases, including dry disease (DED), cataracts, myopia, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD). It also catalogues offers recommendations based varying impacts that different types intensities may have specific conditions. Beyond correlations, this compiles potential mechanisms through which beneficially affect health. From mitigating oxidative stress inflammatory responses, reducing intraocular pressure, enhancing mitochondrial function, to promoting blood circulation release protective factors, complex biological triggered by reveal their substantial in preventing even assisting treatment diseases. aims not only foster awareness appreciation for how can improve health but serve as catalyst further exploration into key targets Such inquiries are crucial advancing innovative strategies thereby holding significant implications development new therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Causality between sleep traits and the risk of frailty: a Mendelian randomization study DOI Creative Commons

Zhen Deng,

Yifan Hu, Lincheng Duan

et al.

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 9, 2024

Background Research based on observation has demonstrated a relationship between sleep traits and frailty; however, it remains uncertain if this correlation indicates causation. The purpose of study was to look at the causal that exists frailty traits. Method Using summaries from genome-wide association self-reported features index, we performed bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Examining relationships seven sleep-related goal. major method used calculate effect estimates inverse-variance weighted method, supplemented by median MR-Egger approaches. investigated pleiotropy heterogeneity using several methodologies, such as intercept, MR-PRESSO approach, Cochran’s Q test. We took multivariate genetic correlations related enhance confidence results. Furthermore, MRlap correct for any estimation bias due sample overlap. Results Insomnia, napping during day, apnea syndrome exhibited positive connection with index in forward MR Conversely, there is negative link getting up morning, snoring duration index. During reverse analysis, insomnia, syndrome, while demonstrating duration. There no direct snoring, chronotype, frailty. In MVMR analyses, characteristics indices remained consistent after adjusting potential confounders including BMI, smoking, triglycerides. Conclusion findings our investigation yield novel evidence substantiates notion Through optimization sleep, potentially feasible hinder, postpone, or even state frailty, proposed relevant interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

10