Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Oxidative Stress—From Bench to Bedside

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(18), P. 14126 - 14126

Published: Sept. 15, 2023

Oxidative stress (OS) is a condition that occurs as result of an imbalance between the production reactive oxygen species (ROS) and body's ability to detoxify neutralize them. It can play role in variety reproductive system conditions, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, preeclampsia, infertility. In this review, we briefly discuss links oxidative PCOS. Mitochondrial mutations may lead impaired phosphorylation (OXPHOS), decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, increased ROS. These functional consequences contribute metabolic hormonal dysregulation observed Studies have shown OS negatively affects ovarian follicles disrupts normal follicular development maturation. Excessive ROS damage oocytes granulosa cells within follicles, impairing their quality compromising fertility. Impaired OXPHOS mitochondrial dysfunction insulin resistance (IR) by disrupting signaling pathways glucose metabolism. Due dysfunctional OXPHOS, reduced ATP hinder insulin-stimulated uptake, leading IR. Hyperandrogenism promotes inflammation IR, both which increase OS. A detrimental feedback loop ensues IR escalates, causing elevated levels exacerbate Exploring relations PCOS crucial fully understand pathophysiology develop effective treatment strategies improve life women affected condition. The antioxidants potential therapies also discussed.

Language: Английский

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The Silent Threat to Women’s Fertility: Uncovering the Devastating Effects of Oxidative Stress

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1490 - 1490

Published: July 26, 2023

Oxidative stress (OS), which arises through an imbalance between the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses, plays a key role in pathophysiology female infertility, with latter constituting just one number diseases linked to OS as potential cause. The aim present article is review literature regarding association infertility. Among reproductive considered are endometriosis polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), while environmental pollutants, lifestyle variables, underlying medical conditions possibly resulting additionally examined. Current evidence points likely contributing above disorders, amount damage done by being influenced such variables duration severity exposure individual’s age genetic predisposition. Also discussed processes via may affect fertility, these including DNA mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, last section manuscript contains evaluation treatment options, antioxidants modification, capable minimizing infertile women. prime message underlined this importance considering diagnosis Further studies are, nevertheless required identify best regimen its ideal duration.

Language: Английский

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STING contributes to lipopolysaccharide-induced tubular cell inflammation and pyroptosis by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress in acute kidney injury

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(3)

Published: March 14, 2024

Abstract Recently, innate immunity and inflammation were recognized as the key factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by sepsis, which is closely related to high mortality. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) has emerged a critical component immune inflammatory responses. However, role STING in pathogenesis septic AKI remains unclear. This study demonstrated that was significantly activated tubular cells induced lipopolysaccharide (LPS) vivo vitro. Tubule-specific knockout attenuated LPS-induced renal dysfunction pathological changes. Mechanistically, pathway promotes NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) activation. triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induce mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) overproduction, enhancing thioredoxin-interacting activation association with NLRP3. Eventually, NLRP3 inflammasome leads cell pyroptosis. revealed STING-regulated network further identified STING/ER stress/mtROS/NLRP3 axis an emerging contributing damage AKI. Hence, targeting may be promising therapeutic strategy preventing

Language: Английский

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Redox regulation: mechanisms, biology and therapeutic targets in diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 7, 2025

Redox signaling acts as a critical mediator in the dynamic interactions between organisms and their external environment, profoundly influencing both onset progression of various diseases. Under physiological conditions, oxidative free radicals generated by mitochondrial respiratory chain, endoplasmic reticulum, NADPH oxidases can be effectively neutralized NRF2-mediated antioxidant responses. These responses elevate synthesis superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, well key molecules like nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) glutathione (GSH), thereby maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Disruption this finely tuned equilibrium is closely linked to pathogenesis wide range Recent advances have broadened our understanding molecular mechanisms underpinning dysregulation, highlighting pivotal roles genomic instability, epigenetic modifications, protein degradation, metabolic reprogramming. findings provide foundation for exploring regulation mechanistic basis improving therapeutic strategies. While antioxidant-based therapies shown early promise conditions where stress plays primary pathological role, efficacy diseases characterized complex, multifactorial etiologies remains controversial. A deeper, context-specific signaling, particularly redox-sensitive proteins, designing targeted aimed at re-establishing balance. Emerging small molecule inhibitors that target specific cysteine residues proteins demonstrated promising preclinical outcomes, setting stage forthcoming clinical trials. In review, we summarize current intricate relationship disease also discuss how these insights leveraged optimize strategies practice.

Language: Английский

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The impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on ovarian aging

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Ovarian aging has become a focal point in current research on female and refers to the gradual decline ovarian function as women age. Numerous factors influence aging, among which mitochondrial is one because it plays crucial role by affecting oocytes granulosa cells. Mitochondrial deterioration not only leads decrease oocyte quality but also hinders follicle development, further impacting women's reproductive health fertility. This review summarizes integrates impact of outlining mechanisms mitochondria regulate functions study aims provide potential therapeutic directions mitigate support health. According 2023 published Cell, such oxidative stress, dysfunction, chronic inflammation, telomere shortening collectively drive directly Among these factors, dysfunction key role. reviewed literature from databases PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, using keywords "mitochondrial dysfunction", "decline quantity", "ovarian aging", aiming summarize theoretical for future exploration related strategies. The main characteristics include quantity quality, fluctuations hormone levels, reduction cell function. Studies have shown that affect fertility regulating cellular energy metabolism, exacerbating causing DNA (mtDNA) damage, physiological cells within ovary, gradually diminishing reserve. focuses analyzing effects production cells, accumulation reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration, all contribute process, understanding them will new insights into aging. Therapeutic interventions targeting may help delay improve

Language: Английский

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Spermidine suppresses oxidative stress and ferroptosis by Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 and Akt/FHC/ACSL4 pathway to alleviate ovarian damage

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 332, P. 122109 - 122109

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Polycystic ovary syndrome and its management: In view of oxidative stress

BioMolecular Concepts, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

In the past two decades, oxidative stress (OS) has drawn a lot of interest due to revelation that individuals with many persistent disorders including diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), cardiovascular, and other often have aberrant oxidation statuses. OS close interplay PCOS features such as insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, chronic inflammation; there is belief might contribute development PCOS. currently recognized not only one most prevalent endocrine but also significant contributor female infertility, affecting considerable proportion women globally. Therefore, understanding relationship between crucial therapeutic preventive strategies for Moreover, mechanistic study intracellular reactive oxygen species/ nitrogen species formation its possible interaction women's reproductive health required, which includes complex enzymatic non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Apart from that, our current review regulation pathogenesis OS. A change in lifestyle, physical activity, various supplements boost levels, particularly vitamins, usage medicinal herbs, thought be best way combat this occurrence improve pathophysiologic conditions associated

Language: Английский

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Minerals and the Menstrual Cycle: Impacts on Ovulation and Endometrial Health

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 1008 - 1008

Published: March 29, 2024

The role of minerals in female fertility, particularly relation to the menstrual cycle, presents a complex area study that underscores interplay between nutrition and reproductive health. This narrative review aims elucidate impacts on key aspects system: hormonal regulation, ovarian function ovulation, endometrial health, oxidative stress. Despite attention given specific micronutrients disorders, there is noticeable absence comprehensive focusing impact throughout cycle fertility. address this gap by examining influence Each mineral’s contribution explored detail provide clearer picture its importance supporting analysis not only enhances our knowledge health but also offers clinicians valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies recommended intake promote well-being, considering cycle. stands as first offer such detailed examination context aiming elevate understanding their critical fertility

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial morphology, distribution and activity during oocyte development

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(10), P. 902 - 917

Published: April 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Role of Melatonin in Ovarian Function

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 644 - 644

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Melatonin is a hormone mainly produced by the pineal gland in absence of light stimuli. The light, fact, hits retina, which sends signal to suprachiasmatic nucleus, inhibits synthesis epiphysis. Mostly interacting with MT1/MT2 membrane receptors, melatonin performs various physiological actions, among are its regulation sleep–wake cycle and control immune system. One best known functions non-enzymatic antioxidant action, independent from binding receptors occurs electron donation. also an indicator photoperiod seasonally reproducing mammals, divided into long-day short-day breeders according time year they sexually active fertile. It that acts at hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis level many species. In particular, it hypothalamic release GnRH, consequent alteration FSH LH levels. present paper aims review ovarian effect melatonin.

Language: Английский

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