Relationships between SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater and COVID-19 Clinical Cases and Hospitalizations, with and without Normalization against Indicators of Human Waste

ACS ES&T Water, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(11), P. 1992 - 2003

Published: May 26, 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in wastewater has been used to track community infections of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), providing critical information for public health interventions. Since levels are dependent upon human inputs, we hypothesize that tracking can be improved by normalizing concentrations against indicators waste [Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (PMMoV), β-2 Microglobulin (B2M), and fecal coliform]. In this study, analyzed SARS-CoV-2 from two sewersheds different scales: a University campus treatment plant. Wastewater data were combined with complementary COVID-19 case evaluate the efficiency surveillance forecasting new cases and, larger scale, hospitalizations. Results show normalization PMMoV B2M resulted correlations using volcano second generation (V2G)-qPCR chemistry (rs = 0.69 without normalization, rs 0.73 normalization). Mixed results obtained samples collected at scale. Overall benefits measures depend qPCR improves smaller sewershed We recommend further studies efficacy additional targets.

Language: Английский

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Early warning of a COVID-19 surge on a university campus based on wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 at residence halls

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 821, P. 153291 - 153291

Published: Jan. 25, 2022

As COVID-19 continues to spread globally, monitoring the disease at different scales is critical support public health decision making. Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater can supplement surveillance based on diagnostic testing. In this paper, we report results of wastewater-based Emory University campus that included routine sampling sewage from a hospital building, an isolation/quarantine and 21 student residence halls between July 13th, 2020 March 14th, 2021. We examined sensitivity detecting cases building level relation Ct values RT-qPCR samples number patients residing building. Our show weekly using Moore swab was not sensitive enough (6 63 times) reliably detect one or two sporadic The over time same location reflected temporal trend (Pearson's r < −0.8), but there too much uncertainty directly estimate values. After students returned spring 2021 semester, detected most hall sites weeks before surged campus. This finding suggests be used provide early warning outbreaks institutions.

Language: Английский

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Artificial neural network-based estimation of COVID-19 case numbers and effective reproduction rate using wastewater-based epidemiology

Water Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 218, P. 118451 - 118451

Published: April 13, 2022

Language: Английский

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Monitoring influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in wastewater. Beyond COVID-19

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 892, P. 164495 - 164495

Published: May 26, 2023

Wastewater-based surveillance can be a valuable tool to monitor viral circulation and serve as an early warning system. For respiratory viruses that share similar clinical symptoms, namely SARS-CoV-2, influenza, syncytial virus (RSV), identification in wastewater may allow differentiation between seasonal outbreaks COVID-19 peaks. In this study, these well standard indicators of fecal contamination, weekly sampling campaign was carried out for 15 months (from September 2021 November 2022) two treatment plants the entire population Barcelona (Spain). Samples were concentrated by aluminum hydroxide adsorption-precipitation method then analyzed RNA extraction RT-qPCR. All samples positive while positivity rates influenza RSV significantly lower (10.65 % A (IAV), 0.82 B (IBV), 37.70 RSV-A 34.43 RSV-B). Gene copy concentrations SARS-CoV-2 often approximately 1 2 logarithmic units higher compared other viruses. Clear peaks IAV H3:N2 February March 2022 winter observed, which matched chronological incidence infections recorded Catalan Government database. conclusion, data obtained from provided new information on abundance area correlated favorably with data.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater-based surveillance as a tool for public health action: SARS-CoV-2 and beyond

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(1)

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

SUMMARY Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has undergone dramatic advancement in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The power and potential this platform technology were rapidly realized when it became evident that not only did WBS-measured SARS-CoV-2 RNA correlate strongly with COVID-19 clinical within monitored populations but also, fact, functioned as a leading indicator. Teams from across globe innovated novel approaches by which wastewater could be collected diverse sewersheds ranging treatment plants (enabling community-level surveillance) to more granular locations including individual neighborhoods high-risk buildings such long-term care facilities (LTCF). Efficient processes enabled extraction concentration highly dilute matrix. Molecular genomic tools identify, quantify, characterize its various variants adapted programs applied these mixed environmental systems. Novel data-sharing allowed information mobilized made immediately available public health government decision-makers even public, enabling evidence-informed decision-making based on local dynamics. WBS since been recognized tool transformative potential, providing near-real-time cost-effective, objective, comprehensive, inclusive data changing prevalence measured analytes space time populations. However, consequence rapid innovation hundreds teams simultaneously, tremendous heterogeneity currently exists literature. This manuscript provides state-of-the-art review established details current work underway expanding scope other infectious targets.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 surveillance in wastewater: An epidemiological tool for the monitoring of SARS-CoV-2

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has prompted a lot of questions globally regarding the range information about virus’s possible routes transmission, diagnostics, and therapeutic tools. Worldwide studies have pointed out importance monitoring early surveillance techniques based on identification viral RNA in wastewater. These indicated presence severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) human feces, which is shed via excreta including mucus, saliva, sputum. Subsequently, they get dumped into wastewater, their wastewater provides possibility using it as tool to help prevent eradicate virus. Its still done many regions worldwide serves an “warning signal”; however, limitations also been identified.

Language: Английский

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Contribution of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding routes to RNA loads in wastewater

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 806, P. 150376 - 150376

Published: Sept. 16, 2021

Language: Английский

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Developing a Flexible National Wastewater Surveillance System for COVID-19 and Beyond

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 129(4)

Published: April 1, 2021

Wastewater testing offers a cost-effective strategy for measuring population disease prevalence and health behaviors. For COVID-19, wastewater surveillance addresses gaps provides an early warning outbreaks. As U.S. federal agencies build National Surveillance System around the pandemic, thinking through ways to develop flexible frameworks sampling, testing, reporting can avoid unnecessary system overhauls future infectious disease, chronic drug epidemics.

Language: Английский

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Averting an Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in a University Residence Hall through Wastewater Surveillance

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(2)

Published: Oct. 7, 2021

A wastewater surveillance program targeting a university residence hall was implemented during the spring semester 2021 as proactive measure to avoid an outbreak of COVID-19 on campus. Over period 7 weeks from early February through late March 2021, originating collected grab samples 3 times per week. During this time, there no detection SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in stream. Aiming obtain sample more representative community, decision made use passive samplers beginning onwards. Adopting Moore swab approach, detected just 2 days after were deployed. These also tested positive for B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant concern (VOC) using RT-qPCR. The result triggered public health case-finding response, including mobile testing unit deployed following day, with nearly 200 students and staff, which identified two laboratory-confirmed cases Alpha COVID-19. individuals relocated separate quarantine facility, averting Aggregating clinical data, campus has yielded first estimates fecal shedding rates VOC nonclinical setting. IMPORTANCE Among adopters monitoring have been colleges universities throughout North America, many whom are approach monitor congregate living facilities evidence infection integral component screening programs. Yet, while numerous examples where among community members, few response that may averted actual outbreak. This report details wastewater-testing when mounting globally over emergence variants concern, reported be transmissible than wild-type Wuhan strain. In communication, we present clear example how resulted actionable responses administration health,

Language: Английский

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A State-of-the-Art Scoping Review on SARS-CoV-2 in Sewage Focusing on the Potential of Wastewater Surveillance for the Monitoring of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Food and Environmental Virology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 315 - 354

Published: Nov. 2, 2021

The outbreak of coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly spread throughout world. Several studies have shown that detecting SARS-CoV-2 in untreated wastewater can be a useful tool to identify new outbreaks, establish trends, and assess prevalence infections. On 06 May 2021, over year into pandemic, we conducted scoping review aiming summarize research data on sewage. Papers dealing with raw sewage collected at treatment plants, sewer networks, septic tanks, sludge facilities were included this review. We also reviewed community settings such as private or municipal hospitals, healthcare facilities, nursing homes, dormitories, campuses, airports, aircraft, cruise ships. literature search was using electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web Science Core Collection. This comprehensive yielded 1090 results, 66 which met inclusion criteria are discussed Studies from 26 countries worldwide investigated occurrence different origin. percentage positive samples ranged 11.6 100%, viral concentrations ranging ˂LOD 4.6 × 108 genome copies/L. outlines evidence currently available surveillance: (i) an early warning system capable predicting COVID-19 outbreaks days weeks before clinical cases; (ii) establishing trends current outbreaks; (iii) estimating infections; (iv) studying genetic diversity. In conclusion, cost-effective, rapid, reliable source information its variants population, surveillance enhance genomic epidemiological independent complementary inform public health decision-making during ongoing pandemic.

Language: Английский

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