Monkeypox outbreak: Wastewater and environmental surveillance perspective

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 856, P. 159166 - 159166

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

Monkeypox disease (MPXD), a viral caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), is an emerging zoonotic endemic in some countries of Central and Western Africa but seldom reported outside affected region. Since May 2022, MPXD has been at least 74 globally, prompting World Health Organization to declare outbreak Public Emergency International Concern. As July 24, 2022; 92 % (68/74) with cases had no historical case reports. From One perspective, spread MPXV environment poses risk not only humans also small mammals may, ultimately, potent novel host populations. Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) extensively utilized monitor communicable diseases, particularly during ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. It helped monitoring infectious caseloads as well specific variants circulating communities. The detection DNA lesion materials (e.g. skin, vesicle fluid, crusts), skin rashes, various body fluids, including respiratory nasal secretions, saliva, urine, feces, semen infected individuals, supports possibility using WBS early proxy for infections. can be used activity/trends sewerage network areas even before detecting laboratory-confirmed clinical within community. However, several factors affect wastewater including, limited to, routes duration time shedding infection rates relevant population, environmental persistence, processes analytical sensitivity methods. Further research needed identify key that impact biomarkers improve utility warning tool safeguarding human health. In this review, we shortly summarize aspects discuss challenges associated WBS.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater surveillance of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens: A systematic review

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Dec. 15, 2022

Infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacterial (ARB) pathogens are a serious threat to human and animal health. The active surveillance of ARB using an integrated one-health approach can help reduce the emergence spread ARB, associated economic impact, guide antimicrobial stewardship programs. Wastewater (WWS) provides composite samples for total population, with easy access mixed community microbiome. This concept is emerging rapidly, but clinical utility, sensitivity, uniformity WWS remain poorly understood especially in relation evidence sewershed communities. Here, we systematically searched literature identify studies that have compared findings from antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) parallel, thereby evaluating how likely ARG relate cases Initially, 2,235 articles were obtained primary search keywords, 1,219 remained after de-duplication. Among these, 35 fulfilled criteria, additional 13 relevant included searching references literature. 48 papers, 34 used culture-based method, followed 11 metagenomics, three PCR-based methods. A 28 out conducted at single level, eight involved several countries, seven national or regional scales, five hospital levels. Our review revealed performance has been evaluated more frequently Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., other members family Enterobacteriaceae , not uniformly tested all pathogens. Many wastewater-based comparing evaluate public health risk ARB. Indeed, relating straightforward, as source wastewater cannot be only symptomatic individuals also asymptomatic carriers well sources. Further, varying fates each species within sewerage make aim connecting complicated. Therefore, future many AMR their one process simpler interpretation results easier.

Language: Английский

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Key considerations for pathogen surveillance in wastewater

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 945, P. 173862 - 173862

Published: June 12, 2024

Wastewater surveillance (WWS) has received significant attention as a rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective tool for monitoring various pathogens in community. WWS is employed to assess the spatial temporal trends of diseases identify their early appearances reappearances, well detect novel mutated variants. However, shedding rates vary significantly depending on factors such disease severity, physiology affected individuals, characteristics pathogen. Furthermore, may exhibit differential fate decay kinetics sewerage system. Variable affect detection wastewater. This influence interpretation results conclusions studies. When selecting pathogen WWS, it essential consider it's specific characteristics. If data are not readily available, fate, decay, should be assessed before conducting surveillance. Alternatively, these can compared those similar which available.

Language: Английский

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Tracing COVID-19 Trails in Wastewater: A Systematic Review of SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance with Viral Variants

Water, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 1018 - 1018

Published: March 7, 2023

The emergence of new variants SARS-CoV-2 associated with varying infectivity, pathogenicity, diagnosis, and effectiveness against treatments challenged the overall management COVID-19 pandemic. Wastewater surveillance (WWS), i.e., monitoring infections in communities through detecting viruses wastewater, was applied to track spread globally. However, there is a lack comprehensive understanding use WWS for variants. Here we systematically reviewed published articles reporting different wastewater by following PRISMA guidelines provided current state art this study area. A total 80 studies were found that reported until November 2022. Most these (66 out 80, 82.5%) conducted Europe North America, resource-rich countries. There high variation sampling strategy around world, composite (50/66 studies, 76%) as primary method In contrast, grab more common (8/14 57%) resource-limited Among detection methods, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based sequencing quantitative RT-PCR commonly used wastewater. variants, B1.1.7 (Alpha) variant appeared earlier pandemic most (48/80 studies), followed B.1.617.2 (Delta), B.1.351 (Beta), P.1 (Gamma), others All same pattern clinical within timeline, demonstrating tracked all timely way when emerged. Thus, may be utilized identify presence or absence follow development transmission existing emerging Routine powerful infectious disease tool implemented

Language: Английский

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Application of a high-throughput quantitative PCR system for simultaneous monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 variants and other pathogenic viruses in wastewater

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 853, P. 158659 - 158659

Published: Sept. 9, 2022

Variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are continuously emerging, highlighting the importance regular surveillance SARS-CoV-2 and other epidemiologically significant pathogenic viruses in current context. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is expensive, time-consuming, labor-intensive, requires a large reagent volume, only tests few targets single run. High-throughput qPCR (HT-qPCR) utilizing Biomark HD system (Fluidigm) can be used as an alternative. This study applied HT-qPCR to simultaneously detect SARS-CoV-2, nucleotide substituted RNA, wastewater. Wastewater samples were collected from disease 2019 (COVID-19) quarantine facility between October 2020 February 2021 (n = 4) combined separated sewer lines wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) Yokkaichi, Mie Prefecture, Japan, March August 23 each). The analyzed by using five nine spike gene substitution-specific, viruses, three process control assays. All tested positive for substitutions N501Y S69-70 del (Alpha variant) detected December sample, coinciding with first clinical case Japan. Only WWTP when assay, whereas more than eight all assays, indicating that multiple assays increases likelihood detection. substitution L452R (Delta was Prefecture April 2021, but detection Delta variant patients had not been reported until May 2021. Aichi virus 1 norovirus GII prevalent samples. demonstrated may most time- cost-efficient method tracking COVID-19 broadly monitoring community health.

Language: Английский

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Waterborne pathogens detection technologies: advances, challenges, and future perspectives

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that pathogens like Escherichia coli, primarily linked to food and water contamination, are associated with 485,000 deaths from diarrheal diseases annually, translating a staggering worldwide economic loss of nearly 12 billion USD per annum. International organizations the WHO United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) have established related guidelines criteria for pathogenic detection technologies driving search innovative efficient methods. This comprehensive review examines trajectory waterborne bacteria traditional techniques, i.e., culture-based methods, current methods including various forms polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques [qualitative real-time PCR, digital ELISA, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, next-generation sequencing (NGS)] emerging biosensors artificial intelligence (AI). scope paper focuses on recognized as human pathogens, posing tangible threats public health through waterborne. techniques’ merits, constraints, research gaps future perspectives critically discussed. Advancements in droplet NGS significantly improved sensitivity specificity, revolutionizing pathogen detection. Additionally, integration (AI) these has enhanced accuracy, enabling analysis large datasets. Molecular-based show promise quality monitoring, especially resource-constrained settings, but on-site practical implementation remains challenge. pairwise comparison metrics used this also offer valuable insights into quick evaluation advantages, limitations focusing their applicability field settings timely analyses. Future efforts should focus developing robust, cost-effective user-friendly routine ultimately safeguarding global supplies health, AI data playing crucial role advancing safer environment.

Language: Английский

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Moving forward with COVID-19: Future research prospects of wastewater-based epidemiology methodologies and applications

Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 100458 - 100458

Published: March 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Have genetic targets for faecal pollution diagnostics and source tracking revolutionized water quality analysis yet?

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 47(4)

Published: June 7, 2023

The impacts of nucleic acid-based methods - such as PCR and sequencing to detect analyze indicators, genetic markers or molecular signatures microbial faecal pollution in health-related water quality research were assessed by rigorous literature analysis. A wide range application areas study designs has been identified since the first more than 30 years ago (>1100 publications). Given consistency assessment types, we suggest defining this emerging part science a new discipline: diagnostics (GFPD) Undoubtedly, GFPD already revolutionized detection (i.e., traditional alternative general indicator/marker analysis) source tracking host-associated analysis), current core applications. is also expanding many other areas, including infection health risk assessment, evaluation treatment, support wastewater surveillance. In addition, storage DNA extracts allows for biobanking, which opens up perspectives. tools can be combined with cultivation-based standardized indicator enumeration, pathogen detection, various environmental data an integrated analysis approach. This comprehensive meta-analysis provides scientific status quo field, trend analyses statistics, outlining discusses benefits challenges GFPD.

Language: Английский

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Reviewing methods of deep learning for diagnosing COVID-19, its variants and synergistic medicine combinations

Computers in Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 107191 - 107191

Published: June 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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A narrative review of wastewater surveillance: pathogens of concern, applications, detection methods, and challenges

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 30, 2024

The emergence and resurgence of pathogens have led to significant global health challenges. Wastewater surveillance has historically been used track water-borne or fecal-orally transmitted pathogens, providing a sensitive means monitoring within community. This technique offers comprehensive, real-time, cost-effective approach disease surveillance, especially for diseases that are difficult monitor through individual clinical screenings.

Language: Английский

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