Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for Cancer Therapy

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 33(14)

Published: Feb. 28, 2021

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel cell‐free strategy for the treatment of many diseases including cancer. As result their natural properties to mediate cell‐to‐cell communication and high physiochemical stability biocompatibility, EVs are considered excellent delivery vehicles variety therapeutic agents such nucleic acids proteins, drugs, nanomaterials. Increasing studies shown that can be modified, engineered, or designed improve efficiency, specificity, safety cancer therapy. Herein, comprehensive overview recent advances in strategies methodologies engineering scalable production improved cargo‐loading tumor‐targeting is provided. Additionally, potential applications engineered therapy discussed by presenting prominent examples, opportunities challenges translating into clinical practice evaluated.

Language: Английский

---

Extracellular vesicles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer

AJP Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 318(1), P. C29 - C39

Published: Nov. 6, 2019

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid membrane that secreted from almost all kinds of cells into the extracellular space. EVs widely accepted to be involved in various cellular processes; particular, derived cancer have been reported play important roles modifying tumor microenvironment and promoting progression. In addition, encapsulate tumor-specific molecules, such as proteins RNAs, which contribute malignancy. Therefore, unveiling precise mechanism intercellular communication via patients will provide a novel strategy for treatment. Furthermore, focus on contents could promote use body fluids clinically useful diagnostic prognostic biomarkers. this review, we summarize current research knowledge biomarkers therapeutic targets discuss their potential clinical applications.

Language: Английский

---

Bioinspired exosome-like therapeutics and delivery nanoplatforms

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 242, P. 119925 - 119925

Published: March 2, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Recent progress in targeted delivery vectors based on biomimetic nanoparticles

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: June 7, 2021

Abstract Over the past decades, great interest has been given to biomimetic nanoparticles (BNPs) since rise of targeted drug delivery systems and nanotechnology. Biological vectors including cell membranes, extracellular vesicles (EVs), viruses are considered promising candidates for owing their biocompatibility biodegradability. BNPs, integration biological functional agents, anticipated load cargos or camouflage synthetic achieve delivery. Despite excellent intrinsic properties, natural deliberately modified endow multiple functions such as good permeability, improved loading capability, high specificity. Through structural modification transformation vectors, they pervasively utilized more effective vehicles that can deliver contrast chemotherapy drugs, nucleic acids, genes target sites refractory disease therapy. This review summarizes recent advances in based on EVs, viruses, highlighting potential applications BNPs fields biomedical imaging therapy industry, well discussing possibility clinical translation exploitation trend these BNPs.

Language: Английский

---

Extracellular vesicle–encapsulated IL-10 as novel nanotherapeutics against ischemic AKI

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(33)

Published: Aug. 12, 2020

Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been attracting strong research interest for use as natural drug delivery systems. We report an approach to manufacturing interleukin-10 (IL-10)-loaded EVs (IL-10+ EVs) by engineering macrophages treating ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI). Delivery of IL-10 via enhanced not only the stability IL-10, but also its targeting due adhesive components on EV surface. Treatment with IL-10+ significantly ameliorated renal tubular and inflammation caused ischemia/reperfusion injury, potently prevented transition chronic disease. Mechanistically, targeted epithelial cells, suppressed mammalian target rapamycin signaling, thereby promoting mitophagy maintain mitochondrial fitness. Moreover, efficiently drove M2 macrophage polarization in tubulointerstitium. Our study demonstrates that can serve a promising platform manipulate effective treatment AKI.

Language: Английский

---

New insights into extracellular vesicle biogenesis and function

Journal of Cell Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 132(13)

Published: July 1, 2019

ABSTRACT It is becoming increasingly evident that most cell types are capable of forming and releasing multiple distinct classes membrane-enclosed packages, referred to as extracellular vesicles (EVs), a form intercellular communication. Microvesicles (MVs) represent one the major EVs formed by outward budding plasma membrane. The second class EVs, exosomes, produced components multivesicular bodies (MVBs) released from cells when MVBs fuse with surface. Both MVs exosomes have been shown contain proteins, RNA transcripts, microRNAs even DNA can be transferred other thereby trigger broad range cellular activities biological responses. However, EV biogenesis also frequently de-regulated in different pathologies, especially cancer, where suggested promote tumor growth, therapy resistance, invasion metastasis. In this Review, we highlight some recent advances rapidly emerging exciting field biology, focusing on underlying mechanisms drive MV exosome formation release, particular emphasis how potentially impact aspects cancer progression stem biology.

Language: Английский

---

Inside(sight) of tiny communicator: exosome biogenesis, secretion, and uptake

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 467(1-2), P. 77 - 94

Published: Feb. 22, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Biodistribution of Exosomes and Engineering Strategies for Targeted Delivery of Therapeutic Exosomes

Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 499 - 511

Published: July 14, 2021

Abstract Exosomes are cell-secreted nano-sized vesicles which deliver diverse biological molecules for intercellular communication. Due to their therapeutic potential, exosomes have been engineered in numerous ways efficient delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients various target organs, tissues, and cells. In vivo administered normally delivered the liver, spleen, kidney, lung, gastrointestinal tract show rapid clearance from blood circulation after systemic injection. The biodistribution pharmacokinetics (PK) can be modulated by engineering factors such as cellular origin membrane protein composition exosomes. Recent advances accentuate potential targeted even most challenging organs including central nervous system. Major breakthroughs made related imaging techniques monitoring PK exosomes, well exosomal surface technologies inducing targetability. For delivery, express targeting moieties via direct modification methods chemically modifying surfaces with covalent/non-covalent bonds, or indirect genetically exosome-producing this review, we describe current knowledge determining targetability organotropism monitor addition, highlight recent strategies specific

Language: Английский

---

Extracellular vesicles: a rising star for therapeutics and drug delivery

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: July 20, 2023

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized, natural, cell-derived that contain the same nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids as their source cells. Thus, they can serve natural carriers for therapeutic agents drugs, have many advantages over conventional nanocarriers, including low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility, blood – brain barrier penetration, capacity gene delivery. This review first introduces classification of EVs then discusses several currently popular methods isolating purifying EVs, EVs-mediated drug delivery, functionalization carriers. Thereby, it provides new avenues development EVs-based strategies in different fields medicine. Finally, highlights some challenges future perspectives with regard to clinical application EVs. Graphical

Language: Английский

---

A comprehensive review on the composition, biogenesis, purification, and multifunctional role of exosome as delivery vehicles for cancer therapy

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 115087 - 115087

Published: June 29, 2023

All forms of life produce nanosized extracellular vesicles called exosomes, which are enclosed in lipid bilayer membranes. Exosomes engage cell-to-cell communication and participate a variety physiological pathological processes. function via their bioactive components, delivered to target cells the form proteins, nucleic acids, lipids. as drug delivery vehicles due unique properties innate stability, low immunogenicity, biocompatibility, biodistribution, accumulation desired tissues, toxicity normal stimulation anti-cancer immune responses, penetration capacity into distance organs. mediate cellular communications by delivering various molecules including oncogenes, oncomiRs, specific DNA, messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), small interfering (siRNA), circular (circRNA). These substances can be transferred change transcriptome influence tumor-related signaling pathways. After considering all available literature, this review we discuss biogenesis, composition, production, purification exosomes. We briefly exosome isolation techniques. explore great-length exosomes mechanism for substances, chemicals, chemotherapeutic drugs. also talk about benefits drawbacks This concludes with discussion future perspective challenges. hope that will provide us better understanding current state nanomedicine applications biomedicine.

Language: Английский

---