Environmental Science & Technology Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(5), P. 397 - 409
Published: April 10, 2024
This
review
examines
the
environmental
occurrence
and
fate
of
aromatic
amines
(AAs),
a
group
contaminants
with
possible
carcinogenic
mutagenic
effects.
AAs
are
known
to
be
partially
responsible
for
genotoxic
traits
industrial
wastewater
(WW),
AA
antioxidants
acutely
toxic
some
aquatic
organisms.
Still,
there
gaps
in
available
data
on
sources,
occurrence,
transport,
domestic
WW
indoor
environments,
which
complicate
prevention
adverse
effects
ecosystems.
We
key
sources
these
compounds,
including
cigarette
smoke
grilled
protein-rich
foods,
their
presence
indoors
matrices.
provides
basis
evaluate
importance
nonindustrial
overall
burden
AAs.
Appropriate
sampling
techniques
described,
copper-phthalocyanine
trisulfonate
materials,
XAD
resins
solid-phase
extraction,
microextraction
methods,
can
offer
insights
into
fate.
Further
discussion
is
provided
potential
progress
research
behavior
an
aim
support
development
more
comprehensive
understanding
risks.
Environmental Science & Technology Letters,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9(12), P. 1056 - 1062
Published: Nov. 21, 2022
N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine
(6PPD)
and
its
quinone
derivative,
6PPD-quinone
(6PPD-Q),
have
been
found
to
be
prevalent
in
the
environment,
but
there
are
currently
no
data
on
their
presence
humans.
Herein,
we
conducted
first
human
biomonitoring
study
of
6PPD
6PPD-Q
by
measuring
150
urine
samples
collected
from
three
different
populations
(general
adults,
children,
pregnant
women)
South
China.
Both
were
detected
samples,
with
detection
frequencies
between
60%
100%.
Urinary
concentrations
significantly
higher
than
those
correlated
well
(p
<
0.01),
indicating
coexposure
In
vitro
metabolic
experiments
demonstrated
rapid
depletion
liver
microsomes,
which
should
responsible
for
lower
urine.
Additionally,
women
exhibited
apparently
(median
0.068
2.91
ng/mL,
respectively)
did
adults
(0.018
0.40
ng/mL)
children
(0.015
0.076
ng/mL).
The
high
daily
urinary
excretion
was
estimated
273
(ng/kg
bw)/day.
Considering
that
a
lethal
toxicant
multiple
aquatic
species,
potential
health
risks
posed
long-term
exposure
require
urgent
attention.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
57(14), P. 5621 - 5632
Published: March 30, 2023
6PPD,
a
tire
rubber
antioxidant,
poses
substantial
ecological
risks
because
it
can
form
highly
toxic
quinone
transformation
product
(TP),
6PPD-quinone
(6PPDQ),
during
exposure
to
gas-phase
ozone.
Important
data
gaps
exist
regarding
the
structures,
reaction
mechanisms,
and
environmental
occurrence
of
TPs
from
6PPD
ozonation.
To
address
these
gaps,
ozonation
was
conducted
over
24–168
h
were
characterized
using
high-resolution
mass
spectrometry.
The
probable
structures
proposed
for
23
with
5
subsequently
standard-verified.
Consistent
prior
findings,
6PPDQ
(C18H22N2O2)
one
major
in
(∼1
19%
yield).
Notably,
not
observed
6QDI
(N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-quinonediimine),
indicating
that
formation
does
proceed
through
or
associated
TPs.
Other
included
multiple
C18H22N2O
C18H22N2O2
isomers,
presumptive
N-oxide,
N,N′-dioxide,
orthoquinone
structures.
Standard-verified
quantified
roadway-impacted
samples,
total
concentrations
130
±
3.2
μg/g
methanol
extracts
tread
wear
particles
(TWPs),
34
4
μg/g-TWP
aqueous
TWP
leachates,
2700
1500
ng/L
roadway
runoff,
1900
1200
creeks.
These
demonstrate
are
likely
an
important
ubiquitous
class
contaminants
environments.
Environmental Science & Technology Letters,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10(10), P. 815 - 823
Published: Sept. 1, 2023
N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine
(6PPD)
is
a
chemical
added
to
tires
prevent
their
oxidative
degradation.
6PPD
highly
reactive
with
ozone
and
oxygen,
leading
the
formation
of
transformation
products
such
as
quinone
(6PPDQ)
on
tire
surfaces
and,
subsequently,
in
road
wear
particles.
6PPDQ
toxicant
that
has
been
found
roadway
runoff
receiving
water
systems.
Its
presence
municipal
stormwater
led
acute
mortality
coho
salmon
during
migration
urban
creeks
reproduce,
generating
global
interest
studying
its
occurrence
toxicity
environment.
This
review
aims
provide
critical
overview
current
state
knowledge
6PPDQ,
assisting
researchers
policymakers
understanding
potential
impacts
this
emerging
environment
human
health.
As
there
are
many
unanswered
questions
surrounding
further
research
needed.
highlights
importance
including
regulations
for
6PPD,
well
all
synthetic
chemicals
concern.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
57(51), P. 21550 - 21557
Published: Dec. 12, 2023
Synthetic
antioxidants,
including
synthetic
phenolic
antioxidants
(SPAs),
amine
(AAs),
and
organophosphite
(OPAs),
are
essential
additives
for
preventing
oxidative
aging
in
various
industrial
consumer
products.
Increasing
attention
has
been
paid
to
the
environmental
contamination
caused
by
these
chemicals,
but
our
understanding
of
is
generally
limited
compared
other
emerging
contaminants
such
as
plasticizers
flame
retardants.
Many
people
spend
a
significant
portion
(normally
greater
than
80%)
their
time
indoors,
meaning
that
they
experience
widespread
persistent
exposure
indoor
contaminants.
Thus,
this
Perspective
focuses
on
problem
The
wide
application
commercial
products
demonstrated
toxicity
make
them
an
important
family
concern.
However,
knowledge
gaps
still
need
be
bridged:
novel
related
transformation
identified
environments,
different
dust
sampling
strategies
should
employed
evaluate
human
contaminants,
geographic
scope
research
broadened,
partition
coefficients
among
media
investigated.
