Where Is Nano Today and Where Is It Headed? A Review of Nanomedicine and the Dilemma of Nanotoxicology

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 9994 - 10041

Published: June 22, 2022

Worldwide nanotechnology development and application have fueled many scientific advances, but technophilic expectations technophobic demands must be counterbalanced in parallel. Some of the burning issues today are following: (1) Where is nano today? (2) How good communication investment networks between academia/research governments? (3) Is there any spotlight for nanotechnology? Nanomedicine a particular arm within healthcare landscape, focused on diagnosis, treatment, monitoring emerging (such as coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) contemporary (including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer) diseases. However, it may only represent bright side coin. In fact, recent past, concept nanotoxicology has emerged to address dark shadows nanomedicine. The nanomedicine field requires more nanotoxicological studies identify undesirable effects guarantee safety. Here, we provide an overall perspective central pieces giant puzzle nanotechnology. First, impact education research highlighted, followed by market trends output tendencies. next section, dilemma addressed through interplay silico, vitro, vivo models with support omics microfluidic approaches. Lastly, reflection regulatory clinical trials provided. Finally, some conclusions future perspectives proposed clearer safer translation nanomedicines from bench bedside.

Language: Английский

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Advanced Nitric Oxide Generating Nanomedicine for Therapeutic Applications

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(10), P. 8935 - 8965

Published: May 1, 2023

Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous transmitter extensively present in the human body, regulates vascular relaxation, immune response, inflammation, neurotransmission, and other crucial functions. Nitrite donors have been used clinically to treat angina, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, erectile dysfunction. Based on NO's vast biological functions, it further can tumors, bacteria/biofilms infections, wound healing, eye diseases, osteoporosis. However, delivering NO is challenging due uncontrolled blood circulation release half-life of under five seconds. With advanced biotechnology development nanomedicine, packaged with multifunctional nanocarriers by physically embedding or chemically conjugating reported show improved therapeutic efficacy reduced side effects. Herein, we review discuss recent applications nanomedicines, their mechanisms, challenges nanomedicines for future scientific studies clinical applications. As enables inhibition replication DNA RNA infectious microbes, including COVID-19 coronaviruses malaria parasites, highlight potential antipandemic efforts. This aims provide deep insights practical hints into design strategies nanomedicines.

Language: Английский

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Nano Delivery of Chemotherapeutic ICD Inducers for Tumor Immunotherapy

Small Methods, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(5)

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Immunogenic cell death (ICD, also known as immunogenic apoptosis) of malignant cells is confirmed to activate the host immune system prevent, control, and eliminate tumors. Recently, a range chemotherapeutic drugs have been repurposed ICD inducers applied for tumor immunotherapy. However, several hurdles widespread application remain, namely poor water solubility, short blood circulation, non-specific tissue distribution, severe toxicity. Recent advances in nanotechnology pharmaceutical formulation foster development nano drug delivery systems tackle aforementioned expedite safe, effective, specific delivery. This review will describe barriers chemical highlight recent nanoformulations these

Language: Английский

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Endogenous Nitric Oxide Releases In Situ for RNS/ROS Synergistic Cancer Therapy

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(17)

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Gas therapy, represented by nitric oxide (NO), has shown a powerful anti‐tumor effect. However, current NO therapy relies on precursors, which are often released prematurely during in vivo delivery, resulting poor targeting and obvious toxic side effects. Herein, core/shell‐structured nanocatalyst is designed prepared to catalyze the generation of tumor without introduction donor. In this system, C‐Z@CM coating octahedron Cu‐MOF with nano‐ZnO, camouflaging homologous cell membrane. After nanomedicine taken up cells, ZnO reacts situ endogenous S‐nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), highly expressed tumors, continuously stably generate NO. addition, dispersed copper ions acts as catalytic active centers Fenton‐like reaction, catalyzes H 2 O large number hydroxyl radicals ( • OH). Importantly, cascade reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads massive production more lethal nitrogen (RNS), further enhancing therapeutic Catalytic high concentrations tumor, combined ROS RNS, accompanied glutathione (GSH) depletion, achieving effective suppression.

Language: Английский

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Chemoimmunotherapeutic Nanogel for Pre- and Postsurgical Treatment of Malignant Melanoma by Reprogramming Tumor-Associated Macrophages

Nano Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 1717 - 1728

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Surgery is the primary method to treat malignant melanoma; however, residual microtumors that cannot be resected completely often trigger tumor recurrence, causing tumor-related mortality following melanoma resection. Herein, we developed a feasible strategy based on combinational chemoimmunotherapy by cross-linking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-originated polymetformin (PolyMetCMCS) with cystamine prepare stimuli-responsive nanogel (PMNG) owing disulfide bond in can cleaved massive glutathione (GSH) sites. Then, chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded PMNG, which followed hyaluronic acid coating improve overall biocompatibility and targeting ability of prepared (D@HPMNG). Notably, PMNG effectively reshaped immune microenvironment reprogramming tumor-associated macrophage phenotypes recruiting intratumoral CD8+ T cells inherited immunomodulatory capability metformin. Consequently, D@HPMNG treatment remarkably suppressed growth inhibited its recurrence after surgical resection, proposing promising solution for overcoming lethal recurrence.

Language: Английский

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Overcoming hypoxia-induced breast cancer drug resistance: a novel strategy using hollow gold-platinum bimetallic nanoshells

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Breast cancer (BC) is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Hypoxia, common feature solid tumor, associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis in BC. In this study, we present strategy to overcome hypoxia-induced chemotherapy tolerance Specifically, synthesized hollow gold (Au)-platinum (Pt) bimetallic nanoshell for the first time, which acted as delivery system (DDS) doxorubicin (DOX). The photothermal effect, induced by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) from Au-Pt shell under near infrared-II (NIR-II) laser irradiation, not only directly causes tumor cell death through therapy (PTT), but also significantly enhances catalase-like activity between Pt nanoparticles endogenous H2O2. This, subsequently, results heightened yield O2, further facilitates release DOX. This process alleviates hypoxia down-regulating hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), multidrug gene 1 (MDR1), P-glycoprotein (P-gp), can reverse achieve more effective DOX effects. Significantly, increased availability oxygen re-polarizes immunosuppressive M2 macrophages into antitumor M1 macrophages. study presents novel tackle proliferation enhance response chemotherapy, offering hope reversing cancerous lesions.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in developing active targeting and multi-functional drug delivery systems via bioorthogonal chemistry

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Dec. 2, 2022

Bioorthogonal chemistry reactions occur in physiological conditions without interfering with normal processes. Through metabolic engineering, bioorthogonal groups can be tagged onto cell membranes, which selectively attach to cargos paired via reactions. Due its simplicity, high efficiency, and specificity, has demonstrated great application potential drug delivery. On the one hand, improve therapeutic agent delivery target sites, overcoming off-target distribution. other nanoparticles biomolecules linked membranes by reactions, providing approaches developing multi-functional systems (DDSs). In this review, we first describe principle of labeling cells or pathogenic microorganisms groups. We then highlight recent breakthroughs active targeting DDSs tumors, immune systems, bacteria chemistry, as well applications functional bio-inspired (biomimetic DDSs, cell-based bacteria-based phage-based DDSs) hydrogels. Finally, discuss difficulties prospective direction expect review will help us understand latest advances development using inspire innovative smart for disease treatment.

Language: Английский

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Responsive Hydrogels Based on Triggered Click Reactions for Liver Cancer

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(38)

Published: May 18, 2022

Abstract Globally, liver cancer, which is one of the major cancers worldwide, has attracted growing attention technological researchers for its high mortality and limited treatment options. Hydrogels are soft 3D network materials containing a large number hydrophilic monomers. By adding moieties such as nitrobenzyl groups to structure cross‐linked nanocomposite hydrogel, click reaction improves drug‐release efficiency in vivo, survival rate prolongs time cancer patients. The application hydrogel drug delivery system can not only enrich concentration at tumor site long but also effectively prevents distant metastasis residual cells. At present, researches have been working toward construction responsive systems, there few comprehensive articles systematically summarize these discoveries. Here, this systematic review summarizes synthesis methods related applications hydrogels with actions external or internal physiological stimuli. With different physical chemical stimuli, structural unit rearrangement controlled release drugs be used states.

Language: Английский

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Dual-Stage Irradiation of Size-Switchable Albumin Nanocluster for Cascaded Tumor Enhanced Penetration and Photothermal Therapy

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 13919 - 13932

Published: Sept. 9, 2022

The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) microenvironment makes a feature of aberrant vasculature, high interstitial pressure, and compact extracellular matrix, which combine to reduce the delivery penetration therapeutic agents, bringing about incomplete elimination cells. Herein, employing tumor strategy size-shrinkage combined with ligand modification, we constructed photothermal nanocluster for cascaded deep in parenchyma efficient eradication TNBC In our approach, agent indocyanine green (ICG) is laded human serum albumin (HSA), cross-linked by thermally labile azo linker (VA057) then further modified homing/penetrating tLyP-1 peptide (HP), resulting TNBC-targeting photothermal-responsive size-switchable (ICG@HSA-Azo-HP). Aided enhanced permeability retention effect guidance HP, ca. 149 nm nanoclusters selectively accumulate site then, upon mild irradiation 808 laser, disintegrate into 11 fractions that possess intratumoral diffusion ability. Meanwhile, HP initiates CendR pathway among nutrient-deficient cells facilitates transcellular its disintegrated subsequent therapy. By this peptide-initiated transcytosis strategy, ICG@HSA-Azo-HP possesses excellent capabilities shows extensive depth three-dimensional multicellular spheroids after irradiation. Moreover, superior conversion effect, tumor-penetrating can implement effective therapy throughout tissue under second robust Both vivo orthotopic ectopic confirmed inhibition dual-stage synergistic on-demanded accompanied clinically feasible NIR provides promising approach deep-penetrating

Language: Английский

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Bacteria-driven hypoxia targeting delivery of chemotherapeutic drug proving outcome of breast cancer

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: April 2, 2022

Local hypoxia is a common feature of many solid tumors and may lead to unsatisfactory chemotherapy outcomes. Anaerobic bacteria that have an affinity hypoxic areas can be used achieve targeted drug delivery in tumor tissues. In this study, we developed biocompatible bacteria/nanoparticles biohybrid (Bif@DOX-NPs) platform employs the anaerobic Bifidobacterium infantis (Bif) deliver adriamycin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (DOX-NPs) into breast tumors. The Bif@DOX-NPs retained targeting ability B. regions, as well cytotoxicity DOX. biohybrids were able actively colonize significantly increased accumulation at site. DOX concentration masses colonized by was 4 times higher than free DOX-treated tumors, which prolonged median survival tumor-bearing mice 69 days reduced toxic side-effects Thus, bacteria-based are highly promising tool for treatment with inaccessible regions.

Language: Английский

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