Nanotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
35(29), P. 295502 - 295502
Published: April 11, 2024
Abstract
Numerous
efforts
have
been
undertaken
to
mitigate
the
Debye
screening
effect
of
FET
biosensors
for
achieving
higher
sensitivity.
There
are
few
reports
that
show
sub-femtomolar
detection
biomolecules
by
mechanisms
but
they
either
suffer
from
significant
background
noise
or
lack
robust
control.
In
this
aspect,
deformed/crumpled
graphene
has
recently
deployed
other
researchers
various
biomolecule
like
DNA,
COVID-19
spike
proteins
and
immunity
markers
IL-6
at
levels.
However,
chemical
vapor
deposition
(CVD)
approach
fabrication
suffers
surface
contamination
while
transfer
process
induces
structural
defects.
paper,
an
alternative
methodology
proposed
where
glass
substrate
initially
texturized
wet
etching
through
sacrificial
layer
synthesized
silver
nanoparticles,
obtained
annealing
thin
films
leading
solid
state
dewetting.
Graphene
subsequently
deposited
thermal
reduction
technique
oxide
solution.
The
resulting
deformed
structure
exhibits
sensor
response
towards
glial
fibrillary
acidic
protein
(GFAP)
with
respect
flat
owing
combined
reduced
area
receptor
immobilization.
Additionally,
another
interesting
aspect
reported
work
lies
in
capture
dielectrophoretic
(DEP)
transport
on
crests
convex
surfaces
a
coplanar
gated
topology
which
resulted
10
aM
28
limits
GFAP
buffer
undiluted
plasma
respectively,
within
15
min
application
analyte.
limit
is
almost
four
decades
lower
than
documented
using
expected
pave
way
advancing
based
sensors
ultrasensitive
point-of-care
diagnosis
GFAP,
biomarker
traumatic
brain
injury.
Advances in Physics X,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
The
COVID-19
pandemic
has
ignited
a
search
for
innovative
solutions
to
tackle
viral
transmission
and
ensure
early
detection.
Graphene
its
derivatives
have
emerged
as
promising
materials
in
this
fight,
showcasing
impressive
potential
across
diverse
range
of
applications.
From
frontline
defenses
like
antiviral
PPE
with
enhanced
filtration
breathability
microscopic
detective
work
via
highly
sensitive
FET
biosensors,
graphene
offers
multifaceted
attack
on
the
SARS-CoV-2
virus.
Its
impact
extends
beyond
diagnostics,
empowering
energy
storage
disinfection
technologies
while
revolutionizing
drug
delivery
air
purification
through
virus-capturing
filters.
Antiviral
coatings
vigilant
nano-sensors
further
bolster
arsenal,
offering
comprehensive
protection
at
surface
levels.
Moreover,
graphene-based
masks,
their
reduce
pollution
exposure,
may
even
offer
an
additional
layer
against
polluted
areas.
In
summary,
emerges
versatile
guardian
COVID-19,
poised
revolutionize
fight
beyond.
applications,
coupled
ongoing
research,
paint
compelling
picture
future
where
one
atom
time,
rewrites
narrative
defense.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
122(11)
Published: March 10, 2025
Rapid
and
accurate
detection
of
DNA
from
disease-causing
pathogens
is
essential
for
controlling
the
spread
infections
administering
timely
treatments.
While
traditional
molecular
diagnostics
techniques
like
PCR
are
highly
sensitive,
they
include
nucleic
acid
amplification
many
need
to
be
performed
in
centralized
laboratories,
limiting
their
utility
point-of-care
settings.
Recent
advances
CRISPR-based
(CRISPR-Dx)
have
demonstrated
potential
specific
detection,
but
sensitivity
often
constrained
by
slow
trans-cleavage
activity
Cas
enzymes,
necessitating
preamplification
target
acids.
In
this
study,
we
present
a
CRISPR-Cascade
assay
that
overcomes
these
limitations
integrating
positive
feedback
loop
enables
amplification-free
pathogenic
at
atto-molar
levels
achieves
signal-to-noise
ratio
greater
than
1.3
within
just
10
min.
The
versatility
through
bloodstream
infection
pathogens,
including
Methicillin-Sensitive
Staphylococcus
aureus
(MSSA),
Methicillin-Resistant
(MRSA),
Escherichia
coli
,
Hepatitis
B
Virus
(HBV)
spiked
whole
blood
samples.
Additionally,
introduce
multiplexing
OR-function
logic
gate,
further
enhancing
rapid
clinical
Our
findings
highlight
ability
provide
sensitive
paving
way
advanced
applications
beyond.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
119(28)
Published: June 28, 2022
We
have
developed
a
DNA
aptamer-conjugated
graphene
field-effect
transistor
(GFET)
biosensor
platform
to
detect
receptor-binding
domain
(RBD),
nucleocapsid
(N),
and
spike
(S)
proteins,
as
well
viral
particles
of
original
Severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
its
variants
in
saliva
samples.
The
GFET
is
label-free,
rapid
(≤20
min),
ultrasensitive
handheld
wireless
readout
device.
limit
detection
(LoD)
the
quantitation
(LoQ)
sensor
are
1.28
3.89
plaque-forming
units
(PFU)/mL
for
S
protein
1.45
4.39
PFU/mL
N
protein,
respectively.
Cognate
proteins
major
concern
(N501Y,
D614G,
Y453F,
Omicron-B1.1.529)
showed
response
≥40
mV
from
control
(aptamer
alone)
fM
nM
concentration
range.
was
significantly
lower
cognate
Middle
East
Respiratory
Syndrome
(MERS)
compared
SARS-CoV-2,
indicating
specificity
diagnostic
SARS-CoV-2
vs.
MERS
proteins.
During
early
phase
pandemic,
agreed
with
RT-PCR
data
oral
human
samples,
determined
by
negative
percent
agreement
(NPA)
positive
(PPA).
recent
Delta/Omicron
wave,
also
reliably
distinguished
clinical
Although
sensitivity
during
later
pandemic
phase,
GFET-defined
positivity
rate
statistically
close
alignment
epidemiological
population-scale
data.
Thus,
aptamer-based
has
high
level
precision
clinically
epidemiologically
significant
variant
detection.
This
universal
pathogen-sensing
amenable
broad
range
public
health
applications
real-time
environmental
monitoring.
Discover Nano,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
18(1)
Published: Dec. 11, 2023
Abstract
Nano-fabrication
techniques
have
demonstrated
their
vital
importance
in
technological
innovation.
However,
low-throughput,
high-cost
and
intrinsic
resolution
limits
pose
significant
restrictions,
it
is,
therefore,
paramount
to
continue
improving
existing
methods
as
well
developing
new
overcome
these
challenges.
This
is
particularly
applicable
within
the
area
of
biomedical
research,
which
focuses
on
sensing,
increasingly
at
point-of-care,
a
way
improve
patient
outcomes.
Within
this
context,
review
latest
advances
main
emerging
patterning
including
two-photon,
stereo,
electrohydrodynamic,
near-field
electrospinning-assisted,
magneto,
magnetorheological
drawing,
nanoimprint,
capillary
force,
nanosphere,
edge,
nano
transfer
printing
block
copolymer
lithographic
technologies
for
micro-
nanofabrication.
Emerging
enabling
structural
chemical
fabrication
are
categorised
along
with
prospective
physical
techniques.
Established
briefly
outlined
novel
compared
these,
summarising
specific
advantages
shortfalls
alongside
current
lateral
amenability
mass
production,
evaluated
terms
process
scalability
cost.
Particular
attention
drawn
potential
breakthrough
application
areas,
predominantly
studies,
laying
platform
tangible
paths
towards
adoption
alternative
or
combination
established
techniques,
depends
needs
end-user
including,
instance,
tolerance
inherent
limits,
fidelity
reproducibility.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
33(31)
Published: May 10, 2023
Abstract
Biomarkers
are
primary
indicators
for
precise
diagnosis
and
treatment.
The
early
identification
of
health
biomarkers
has
been
sustained
by
the
evolutionary
success
in
sensor
technologies.
Among
them,
graphene
field‐effect
transistor
(GFET)
biosensors
have
exhibited
major
advantages
such
as
an
ultrashort
response
time,
high
sensitivity,
easy
operation,
capability
integration,
label‐free
detection.
Owing
to
atomic
thickness,
restricts
charge
carrier
flow
merely
at
material
surface
responds
foreign
stimuli
directly,
leading
effective
signal
acquisition
transmission.
Here,
this
review
summarizes
latest
advances
GFET
a
comprehensive
manner
that
contains
device
design,
working
principle,
functionalization,
proof‐of‐concept
applications.
It
provides
survey
with
regard
biomarker
analysis
single‐device
level
integrated
prototypes
include
wearable
sensors,
biomimetic
systems,
healthcare
electronics,
diagnostic
platforms.
Moreover,
there
is
discussion
on
long‐standing
research
efforts
outlook
future
development
systems
from
lab
fab.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 4, 2023
Promising
advances
in
molecular
medicine
have
promoted
the
urgent
requirement
for
reliable
and
sensitive
diagnostic
tools.
Electronic
biosensing
devices
based
on
field-effect
transistors
(FETs)
exhibit
a
wide
range
of
benefits,
including
rapid
label-free
detection,
high
sensitivity,
easy
operation,
capability
integration,
possessing
significant
potential
application
disease
screening
health
monitoring.
In
this
perspective,
tremendous
efforts
achievements
development
high-performance
FET
biosensors
past
decade
are
summarized,
with
emphasis
interface
engineering
FET-based
electrical
platforms
biomolecule
identification.
First,
an
overview
strategies
modulation
recognition
element
design
is
discussed
detail.
For
further
step,
applications
vitro
detection
real-time
monitoring
biological
systems
comprehensively
reviewed.
Finally,
key
opportunities
challenges
electronic
discussed.
It
anticipated
that
comprehensive
understanding
will
inspire
additional
techniques
developing
highly
sensitive,
specific,
stable
as
well
emerging
designs
next-generation
electronics.
