The Role of Exercise in the Interplay between Myokines, Hepatokines, Osteokines, Adipokines, and Modulation of Inflammation for Energy Substrate Redistribution and Fat Mass Loss: A Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1899 - 1899

Published: June 26, 2020

Exercise is an effective strategy for preventing and treating obesity its related cardiometabolic disorders, resulting in significant loss of body fat mass, white adipose tissue browning, redistribution energy substrates, optimization global expenditure, enhancement hypothalamic circuits that control appetite-satiety decreased systemic inflammation insulin resistance. Novel exercise-inducible soluble factors, including myokines, hepatokines, osteokines, immune cytokines adipokines are hypothesized to play important role the body’s response exercise. To our knowledge, no review has provided a comprehensive integrative overview these novel molecular players mechanisms involved metabolic fuel during after exercise, weight reduced inflammation. In this review, we explain potential namely such as irisin, IL-6, IL-15, METRNL, BAIBA, myostatin, particular selenoprotein P, fetuin A, FGF21, ANGPTL4, follistatin. We also describe function specifically osteocalcin, leptin, adiponectin, resistin. emphasize pleiotropic mechanisms, pathways, inter-organ crosstalk mass loss, inflammation, healthy induced by

Language: Английский

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Deciphering the cellular interplays underlying obesity-induced adipose tissue fibrosis

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 129(10), P. 4032 - 4040

Published: Sept. 8, 2019

Obesity originates from an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure that promotes adipose tissue expansion, which is necessary to buffer nutrient excess. Patients with higher visceral fat mass are at a risk of developing severe complications such as type 2 diabetes cardiovascular liver diseases. However, increased does not fully explain obesity's propensity promote metabolic With chronic obesity, undergoes major remodeling, can ultimately result in unresolved inflammation leading fibrosis accumulation. These features drive local damage initiate and/or maintain multiorgan dysfunction. Here, we review the current understanding remodeling focus on obesity-induced its relevance clinical manifestations.

Language: Английский

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Causal Relationship between Diet-Induced Gut Microbiota Changes and Diabetes: A Novel Strategy to Transplant Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in Preventing Diabetes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 19(12), P. 3720 - 3720

Published: Nov. 22, 2018

The incidence of metabolic disorders, including diabetes, has elevated exponentially during the last decades and enhanced risk a variety complications, such as diabetes cardiovascular diseases. In present review, we have highlighted new insights on complex relationships between diet-induced modulation gut microbiota diabetes. Literature from various library databases electronic searches (ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar) were randomly collected. There exists relationship diet microbiota, which alters energy balance, health impacts, autoimmunity, further causes inflammation dysfunction, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is butyrate-producing bacterium, plays vital role in Transplantation F. been used an intervention strategy to treat dysbiosis gut’s microbial community that linked inflammation, precedes autoimmune disease review focuses literature highlights benefits especially, abundant protecting pattern its therapeutic potential against

Language: Английский

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Adipose Tissue Fibrosis in Obesity: Etiology and Challenges

Annual Review of Physiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 84(1), P. 135 - 155

Published: Nov. 9, 2021

Obesity is a chronic and progressive process affecting whole-body energy balance associated with comorbidity development. In addition to increased fat mass, obesity induces white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation fibrosis, leading local systemic metabolic dysfunctions, such as insulin resistance (IR). Accordingly, limiting or fibrosis deposition may improve IR glucose homeostasis. Although no targeted therapy yet exists slow reverse number of findings have clarified the underlying cellular molecular mechanisms. this review, we highlight remodeling events shown be deposition, focus on progenitors involved in obesity-induced healthy well unhealthy WAT expansion.

Language: Английский

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Effect of alternate day fasting combined with aerobic exercise on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 56 - 70.e3

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

Language: Английский

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The structure, biosynthesis, and biological roles of fetuin-A: A review

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: July 18, 2022

Fetuin-A is a heterodimeric plasma glycoprotein containing an A-chain of 282 amino acids and B-chain 27 acid residues linked by single inter-disulfide bond. It predominantly expressed in embryonic cells adult hepatocytes, to lesser extent adipocytes monocytes. binds with plethora receptors exhibits multifaceted physiological pathological functions. involved the regulation calcium metabolism, osteogenesis, insulin signaling pathway. also acts as ectopic calcification inhibitor, protease inflammatory mediator, anti-inflammatory partner, atherogenic factor, adipogenic among other several moonlighting has been demonstrated play crucial role pathogenesis disorders. This review mainly focuses on structure, synthesis, biological roles fetuin-A. Information was gathered manually from various journals

Language: Английский

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Inflammation initiates a vicious cycle between obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Immunity Inflammation and Disease, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 59 - 73

Published: Dec. 17, 2020

Abstract Low‐level of chronic inflammation activation is characteristic obesity. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) closely linked to obesity and an emerging health problem, it originates from abnormal accumulation triglycerides in the liver, sometimes causes inflammatory reactions that could contribute cirrhosis cancer, thus its pathogenesis needs be clarified for more treatment options. Once NAFLD established, contributes systemic inflammation, low‐grade continuously maintained during causing impaired resolution obesity, which subsequently exacerbates severity. This study focuses on effects obesity‐induced inflammations, are underlying progression development severe fibrotic stages. Understanding relationship between help establishing attractive therapeutic targets or diagnostic markers response provides new approaches prevention

Language: Английский

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Exercise training improves diabetic renal injury by reducing fetuin-A, oxidative stress and inflammation in type 2 diabetic rats

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. e27749 - e27749

Published: March 1, 2024

BackgroundDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) stands as a primary contributor to end-stage renal disease, associated with heightened mortality in cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed explore the impact of an eight-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on injury diabetic rats.Methods.Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups: healthy control (CTL), (DC), exercise (EX), and diabetes-exercise (D + EX). Induction diabetes DC D EX groups occurred through two-month high-fat diet followed by single dose 35 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). Rats underwent 4–10 intervals HIIT (80–100% Vmax) over 8 weeks. Subsequently, pathological biochemical parameters assessed serum tissue experimental groups.Results.In group, led elevated damage, glomerulosclerosis, fasting blood glucose (FBG), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index, animal weight, dysfunction, albuminuria, glomerular filtration rate. Additionally, levels fetuin-A increased, along KIM-1. Mechanistically, induction resulted inflammation elevating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), while reducing IL-10 increasing IL-6/IL-10 ratio. Furthermore, triggered oxidative stress, evidenced increased Malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD). mitigated adverse effects group compared group.Conclusion.Our findings suggest that ameliorates type 2 (T2D)-induced damage mitigating inflammation, lowering fetuin-A, bolstering antioxidant defenses. highlights potential time-efficient intervention nephropathy.

Language: Английский

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Molecular and Pathological Events Involved in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes-Associated Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 607 - 618

Published: Nov. 12, 2018

Language: Английский

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Increased adipose tissue secretion of Fetuin-A, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and high-mobility group box protein 1 in metabolic syndrome

Atherosclerosis, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 241(1), P. 130 - 137

Published: May 2, 2015

Language: Английский

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