Glia,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
70(8), P. 1455 - 1466
Published: April 22, 2022
Abstract
Astrocytes
are
known
to
influence
neuronal
activity
through
different
mechanisms,
including
the
homeostatic
control
of
extracellular
levels
ions
and
neurotransmitters
exchange
signaling
molecules
that
regulate
synaptic
formation,
structure,
function.
While
a
great
effort
done
in
past
has
defined
many
molecular
mechanisms
cellular
processes
involved
astrocyte‐neuron
interactions
at
level,
consequences
these
network
level
vivo
have
only
relatively
recently
been
identified.
This
review
describes
discusses
recent
findings
on
regulatory
effects
astrocytes
networks
vivo.
Accumulating
but
still
limited,
evidence
indicates
rhythmic
synchronization
as
well
brain
states.
These
studies
demonstrate
critical
contribution
paving
way
for
more
thorough
understanding
bases
Neural Development,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: April 30, 2018
In
the
mammalian
cerebral
cortex
neurons
are
arranged
in
specific
layers
and
form
connections
both
within
with
other
brain
regions,
thus
forming
a
complex
mesh
of
specialized
synaptic
comprising
distinct
circuits.
The
correct
establishment
these
during
development
is
crucial
for
proper
function
brain.
Astrocytes,
major
type
glial
cell,
important
regulators
synapse
formation
development.
While
neurogenesis
precedes
astrogenesis
cortex,
neuronal
synapses
only
begin
to
after
astrocytes
have
been
generated,
concurrent
branching
process
elaboration.
Here
we
provide
combined
overview
developmental
processes
circuit
rodent
emphasizing
timeline
astrocytic
maturation.
We
further
discuss
role
at
synapse,
focusing
on
astrocyte-synapse
contact
synapse-related
proteins
promoting
cortical
Science,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
363(6423), P. 187 - 192
Published: Jan. 11, 2019
Circadian
(~24-hour)
rhythms
depend
on
intracellular
transcription-translation
negative
feedback
loops
(TTFLs).
How
these
self-sustained
cellular
clocks
achieve
multicellular
integration
and
thereby
direct
daily
of
behavior
in
animals
is
largely
obscure.
The
suprachiasmatic
nucleus
(SCN)
the
fulcrum
this
pathway
from
gene
to
cell
circuit
mammals.
We
describe
type-specific,
functionally
distinct
TTFLs
neurons
astrocytes
SCN
show
that,
absence
other
clocks,
cell-autonomous
astrocytic
TTFL
alone
can
drive
molecular
oscillations
circadian
mice.
Astrocytic
by
reinstating
clock
expression
function
via
glutamatergic
signals.
Our
results
demonstrate
that
autonomously
initiate
sustain
complex
mammalian
behavior.
Accumulating
evidence
indicates
that
astrocytes
are
actively
involved
in
brain
function
by
regulating
synaptic
activity
and
plasticity.
Different
gliotransmitters,
such
as
glutamate,
ATP,
GABA
or
D-serine,
released
form
have
been
shown
to
induce
different
forms
of
regulation.
However,
whether
a
single
astrocyte
may
release
gliotransmitters
is
unknown.
Here
we
show
mouse
hippocampal
activated
endogenous
(neuron-released
endocannabinoids
GABA)
exogenous
(single
Ca2+
uncaging)
stimuli
modulate
putative
CA3-CA1
synapses.
The
astrocyte-mediated
modulation
was
biphasic
consisted
an
initial
glutamate-mediated
potentiation
followed
purinergic-mediated
depression
neurotransmitter
release.
temporal
dynamic
properties
this
regulation
depended
on
the
firing
frequency
duration
neuronal
stimulated
astrocytes.
Present
results
indicate
can
decode
and,
response,
distinct
differentially
regulate
neurotransmission
at
