Photothermal Nanomaterials: A Powerful Light-to-Heat Converter

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(11), P. 6891 - 6952

Published: May 3, 2023

All forms of energy follow the law conservation energy, by which they can be neither created nor destroyed. Light-to-heat conversion as a traditional yet constantly evolving means converting light into thermal has been enduring appeal to researchers and public. With continuous development advanced nanotechnologies, variety photothermal nanomaterials have endowed with excellent harvesting capabilities for exploring fascinating prospective applications. Herein we review latest progresses on nanomaterials, focus their underlying mechanisms powerful light-to-heat converters. We present an extensive catalogue nanostructured materials, including metallic/semiconductor structures, carbon organic polymers, two-dimensional materials. The proper material selection rational structural design improving performance are then discussed. also provide representative overview techniques probing photothermally generated heat at nanoscale. finally recent significant developments applications give brief outlook current challenges future directions nanomaterials.

Language: Английский

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Targeting the tumor stroma for cancer therapy

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Nov. 2, 2022

Tumors are comprised of both cancer cells and surrounding stromal components. As an essential part the tumor microenvironment, stroma is highly dynamic, heterogeneous commonly tumor-type specific, it mainly includes noncellular compositions such as extracellular matrix unique cancer-associated vascular system well a wide variety cellular components including activated fibroblasts, mesenchymal cells, pericytes. All these elements operate with each other in coordinated fashion collectively promote initiation, progression, metastasis therapeutic resistance. Over past few decades, numerous studies have been conducted to study interaction crosstalk between neoplastic cells. Meanwhile, we also witnessed exponential increase investigation recognition critical roles solid tumors. A series clinical trials targeting launched continually. In this review, introduce discuss current advances understanding various their cancers. We elaborate on potential novel approaches for tumor-stroma-based targeting, aim leap from bench bedside.

Language: Английский

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Targeted nanomedicines remodeling immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer immunotherapy

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 4327 - 4347

Published: Nov. 4, 2022

Cancer immunotherapy has significantly flourished and revolutionized the limited conventional tumor therapies, on account of its good safety long-term memory ability. Discouragingly, low patient response rates potential immune-related side effects make it rather challenging to literally bring from bench bedside. However, become evident that, although immunosuppressive microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in facilitating progression metastasis, also provides various targets for remodeling TME, which can consequently bolster effectiveness antitumor suppression. Additionally, particular characteristics turn, be exploited as avenues designing diverse precise targeting nanomedicines. In general, is urgent necessity deliver nanomedicines thus improving therapeutic outcomes clinical translation prospects immunotherapy. Herein, we will illustrate several formation mechanisms TME. More importantly, variety strategies concerning TME strengthening patients' immune systems, reviewed. Ultimately, discuss existing obstacles future perspectives development Hopefully, thriving bloom vibrancy further exploration comprehensive cancer treatment.

Language: Английский

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Rational Design of Biomaterials to Potentiate Cancer Thermal Therapy

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(11), P. 7326 - 7378

Published: March 13, 2023

Cancer thermal therapy, also known as hyperthermia has long been exploited to eradicate mass lesions that are now defined cancer. With the development of corresponding technologies and equipment, local therapies such radiofrequency ablation, microwave high-intensity focused ultrasound, have validated effectively ablate tumors in modern clinical practice. However, they still face many shortcomings, including nonspecific damages adjacent normal tissues incomplete ablation particularly for large tumors, restricting their wide usage. Attributed versatile physiochemical properties, biomaterials specially designed potentiate treatments according unique working principles. Meanwhile, biomaterial-based delivery systems able bridge with other types treatment strategies chemotherapy, radiotherapy immunotherapy. Therefore, this review, we discuss recent progress functional reinforce by functioning sensitizers endow more efficient tumor-localized and/or vehicles synergize therapeutic modalities combined cancer treatments. Thereafter, provide a critical perspective on further biomaterial-assisted toward applications.

Language: Английский

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Nanoparticle‐Based Photothermal Therapy for Breast Cancer Noninvasive Treatment

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Rapid advancements in materials science and nanotechnology, intertwined with oncology, have positioned photothermal therapy (PTT) as a promising noninvasive treatment strategy for cancer. The breast's superficial anatomical location aesthetic significance render breast cancer particularly pertinent candidate the clinical application of PTT following melanoma. This review comprehensively explores research conducted on various types nanoparticles employed elaborates their specific roles mechanisms action. integration existing therapies is scrutinized, underscoring its potential synergistic outcomes. Additionally, underlying consequential modifications to tumor microenvironment after are elaborated from medical perspective. Future directions suggested, an emphasis development integrative platforms that combine multiple therapeutic approaches optimization nanoparticle synthesis enhanced efficacy. goal push boundaries toward comprehensive, clinically applicable

Language: Английский

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Antitumor Applications of Photothermal Agents and Photothermal Synergistic Therapies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(14), P. 7909 - 7909

Published: July 18, 2022

As a new tumor treatment strategy, photothermal therapy (PTT) has the advantages of accuracy, ease administration, high efficiency and low side effects. Photothermal transduction agents (PTAs) are key factor which play an important role in PTT. The mechanism PTT is discussed detail. conversion (PCE) can be improved by increasing light absorption reducing scattering agents. Additionally, non-radiative relaxation path attenuation also promote energy to obtain higher value terms PCE. structure characteristics various kinds PTAs (metal materials, carbon-based nanomaterials, two-dimensional organic materials) were compared analyzed. This paper reviews antitumor applications synergistic therapies, including combined with immunotherapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy. review proposes that these development therapies have great potential application treatment.

Language: Английский

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Cold and hot tumors: from molecular mechanisms to targeted therapy

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Immunotherapy has made significant strides in cancer treatment, particularly through immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), which shown notable clinical benefits across various tumor types. Despite the transformative impact of ICB treatment therapy, only a minority patients exhibit positive response to it. In with solid tumors, those who respond well typically demonstrate an active profile referred as "hot" (immune-inflamed) phenotype. On other hand, non-responsive may distinct "cold" (immune-desert) phenotype, differing from features tumors. Additionally, there is more nuanced "excluded" positioned between and categories, known type. Effective differentiation understanding intrinsic factors, characteristics, TME, external factors are critical for predicting results. It widely accepted that therapy exerts profound effect on limited efficacy against or "altered" necessitating combinations therapeutic modalities enhance cell infiltration into tissue convert tumors ones. Therefore, aligning traits this review systematically delineates respective influencing extensively discusses varied approaches drug targets based assess efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Breaking Physical Barrier of Fibrotic Breast Cancer for Photodynamic Immunotherapy by Remodeling Tumor Extracellular Matrix and Reprogramming Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(13), P. 9713 - 9735

Published: March 20, 2024

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) assist in breast cancer (BRCA) invasion and immune resistance by overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM). Herein, we develop FPC@S, a photodynamic immunomodulator that targets the ECM, to improve immunotherapy for fibrotic BRCA. FPC@S combines tumor ECM-targeting peptide, photosensitizer (protoporphyrin IX) an antifibrotic drug (SIS3). After anchoring causes ECM remodeling BRCA cell death generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) situ. Interestingly, ROS-mediated can normalize blood vessel hypoxia turn facilitate more ROS production. Besides, upon acidic microenvironment, will release SIS3 reprograming CAFs reduce their activity but not kill them, thus inhibiting fibrosis while preventing metastasis. The natural physical barrier formed dense is consequently eliminated BRCA, allowing drugs cells penetrate deep into tumors have better efficacy. Furthermore, stimulate system effectively suppress primary, distant metastatic combining with checkpoint blockade therapy. This study provides different insights development targeted delivery systems exploration synergistic immunotherapeutic mechanisms against aggressive

Language: Английский

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Neutral Cyanine: Ultra‐Stable NIR‐II Merocyanines for Highly Efficient Bioimaging and Tumor‐Targeted Phototheranostics

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(31)

Published: May 21, 2024

Fluorescence imaging (FLI)-guided phototheranostics using emission from the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window show significant potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Clinical imaging-used polymethine ionic indocyanine green (ICG) dye is widely adopted NIR fluorescence imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) research due to its exceptional photophysical properties. However, ICG has limitations such as poor photostability, low conversion efficiency (PCE), short-wavelength peak, liver-targeting issues, which restrict wider use. In this study, two derivatives are transformed into neutral merocyanines (mCy) achieve much-enhanced performance NIR-II phototheranostics. Initial designs of dyes similar drawbacks in terms photostability performance. One modified molecules, mCy890, shows significantly improved stability, an peak over 1000 nm, a high PCE 51%, all considerably outperform ICG. vivo studies demonstrate that nanoparticles mCy890 can effectively accumulate at tumor sites guided by imaging. This provides valuable insights development enhanced

Language: Английский

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Extracellular matrix stiffness and tumor-associated macrophage polarization: new fields affecting immune exclusion

Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(6)

Published: May 2, 2024

In the malignant progression of tumors, there is deposition and cross-linking collagen, as well an increase in hyaluronic acid content, which can lead to extracellular matrix stiffness. Recent research evidence have shown that plays important role angiogenesis, cell proliferation, migration, immunosuppression, apoptosis, metabolism, resistance chemotherapeutic by alterations toward both secretion degradation. The clinical importance tumor-associated macrophage increasingly recognized, polarization a central series tumor immune processes through internal signal cascade, thus regulating progression. Immunotherapy has gradually become reliable potential treatment strategy for conventional chemotherapy advanced cancer patients, but presence exclusion major obstacle effectiveness, reasons their these approaches remain uncertain. Currently, lack exact mechanism on regulation stiffness exclusion. An in-depth understanding relationship between stiffness, polarization, will help reveal new therapeutic targets guide development methods patients. This review summarized different pathways molecular mechanisms involved provided available strategies address

Language: Английский

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