Organoids

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Organoids have attracted increasing attention because they are simple tissue-engineered cell-based in vitro models that recapitulate many aspects of the complex structure and function corresponding vivo tissue. They can be dissected interrogated for fundamental mechanistic studies on development, regeneration, repair human tissues. also used diagnostics, disease modeling, drug discovery, personalized medicine. derived from either pluripotent or tissue-resident stem (embryonic adult) progenitor differentiated cells healthy diseased tissues, such as tumors. To date, numerous organoid engineering strategies support culture growth, proliferation, differentiation maturation been reported. This Primer serves to highlight rationale underlying selection development these materials methods control cellular/tissue niche; therefore, engineered organoid. We discuss key considerations generating robust organoids, those related cell isolation seeding, matrix soluble factor selection, physical cues integration. The general standards data quality, reproducibility deposition within community is outlined. Lastly, we conclude by elaborating limitations organoids different applications, priorities coming years.

Language: Английский

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Engineered hydrogels for mechanobiology

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Dec. 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in defined hydrogels in organoid research

Bioactive Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28, P. 386 - 401

Published: June 16, 2023

Organoids are in vitro model systems that mimic the complexity of organs with multicellular structures and functions, which provide great potential for biomedical tissue engineering. However, their current formation heavily relies on using complex animal-derived extracellular matrices (ECM), such as Matrigel. These often poorly defined chemical components exhibit limited tunability reproducibility. Recently, biochemical biophysical properties hydrogels can be precisely tuned, offering broader opportunities to support development maturation organoids. In this review, fundamental ECM vivo critical strategies design organoid culture summarized. Two typically derived from natural synthetic polymers applicability improve organoids presented. The representative applications incorporating into highlighted. Finally, some challenges future perspectives also discussed developing advanced technologies toward supporting research.

Language: Английский

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3D Biomimetic Models to Reconstitute Tumor Microenvironment In Vitro: Spheroids, Organoids, and Tumor‐on‐a‐Chip

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(18)

Published: March 14, 2023

Abstract Decades of efforts in engineering vitro cancer models have advanced drug discovery and the insight into biology. However, establishment preclinical that enable fully recapitulating tumor microenvironment remains challenging owing to its intrinsic complexity. Recent progress techniques has allowed development a new generation can recreate complex vivo microenvironments accurately predict responses, including spheroids, organoids, tumor‐on‐a‐chip. These biomimetic 3D are particular interest as they pave way for better understanding biology accelerating anticancer therapeutics with reducing animal use. Here, recent advances developing these platforms modeling screening, focusing on incorporating hydrogels reviewed reconstitute physiologically relevant microenvironments. The combination spheroids/organoids microfluidic technologies is also highlighted mimic tumors discuss challenges future directions clinical translation such screening personalized medicine.

Language: Английский

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Trends in mechanobiology guided tissue engineering and tools to study cell-substrate interactions: a brief review

Biomaterials Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Sensing the mechanical properties of substrates or matrix by cells and tissues, subsequent downstream responses at cellular, nuclear epigenetic levels outcomes are beginning to get unraveled more recently. There have been various instances where researchers established underlying connection between cellular mechanosignalling pathways physiology, differentiation, also tissue pathology. It has now accepted that mechanosignalling, alone in combination with classical pathways, could play a significant role fate determination, development, organization tissues. Furthermore, as mechanobiology is gaining traction, so do techniques ponder gain insights into still pathways. This review would briefly discuss some interesting works wherein it shown specific alteration lead determination stem differentiated such osteoblasts, adipocytes, tenocytes, cardiomyocytes, neurons, how these being utilized for development organoids. cover developed employed explore effects including imaging mechanosensing proteins, atomic force microscopy (AFM), quartz crystal microbalance dissipation measurements (QCMD), traction (TFM), microdevice arrays, Spatio-temporal image analysis, optical tweezer measurements, mechanoscanning ion conductance (mSICM), acoustofluidic interferometric device (AID) forth. provide who work on exploiting control functions engineering regenerative applications, will shed light advancements be unravel unknown field mechanobiology.

Language: Английский

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Engineered matrices reveal stiffness-mediated chemoresistance in patient-derived pancreatic cancer organoids

Nature Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(8), P. 1138 - 1149

Published: July 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Clinical applications of human organoids

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mechanical compressive forces increase PI3K output signaling in breast and pancreatic cancer cells

Life Science Alliance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. e202402854 - e202402854

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Mechanical stresses, including compression, arise during cancer progression. In solid cancer, especially breast and pancreatic cancers, the rapid tumor growth environment remodeling explain their high intensity of compressive forces. However, sensitivity compressed cells to targeted therapies remains poorly known. cells, pharmacological PI3K inactivation decreased cell number induced apoptosis. These effects were accentuated when we applied 2D compression forces in mechanically responsive cells. Compression selectively overexpression isoforms PI3K/AKT pathway activation. Furthermore, transcriptional inhibition converged control expression an autophagy regulator, GABARAP, whose level was inversely associated with inhibitor under compression. alone blocked flux all tested whereas basal activity restored only non-responsive This study provides direct evidence for role compression-induced mechanotransduction. promotes apoptosis or autophagy, explaining importance survival

Language: Английский

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Programmable DNA Hydrogels as Artificial Extracellular Matrix

Small, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(36)

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

Abstract The cell microenvironment plays a crucial role in regulating behavior and fate physiological pathological processes. As the fundamental component of microenvironment, extracellular matrix (ECM) typically possesses complex ordered structures provides essential physical chemical cues to cells. Hydrogels have attracted much attention recapitulating ECM. Compared natural synthetic polymer hydrogels, DNA hydrogels unique programmable capability, which endows material precise structural customization tunable properties. This review focuses on recent advances as artificial matrix, particularly pure hydrogels. It introduces classification, design, assembly then summarizes state‐of‐the‐art achievements encapsulation, culture, tissue engineering with Ultimately, challenges prospects for cellular applications are delivered.

Language: Английский

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Advancing Tissue Decellularized Hydrogels for Engineering Human Organoids

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(29)

Published: May 22, 2022

Abstract The extracellular matrix plays a critical role in bioinstructing cellular self‐assembly and spatial (re)configuration processes that culminate human organoids vitro generation maturation. Considering the importance of supporting matrix, herein is showcased most recent advances bioengineering decellularized tissue hydrogels for generating assembloids. Key design blueprints, characterization methodologies, processing toolboxes are comprehensively discussed light current advances. Such enabling approaches provide grounds engineering next‐generation tissue‐specific with close‐to‐native biomolecular signatures user‐tailored biophysical properties may potentiate physiomimetic potential. In forward looking perspective, combination increasingly complex multicellular assemblies bottom‐up cell technologies unravel unprecedented tissue‐like physiological responses further advance exploitation assembloids as disease surrogates or patient‐tailored living therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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