Stimuli-activatable nanomedicine meets cancer theranostics

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(15), P. 5386 - 5417

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Stimuli-activatable strategies prevail in the design of nanomedicine for cancer theranostics.Upon exposure to endogenous/exogenous stimuli, stimuli-activatable could be self-assembled, disassembled, or functionally activated improve its biosafety and diagnostic/therapeutic potency.A myriad tumor-specific features, including a low pH, high redox level, overexpressed enzymes, along with exogenous physical stimulation sources (light, ultrasound, magnet, radiation) have been considered nano-medicinal products.Recently, novel stimuli explored elegant designs emerged nanomedicine.In addition, multi-functional theranostic has employed imaging-guided image-assisted antitumor therapy.In this review, we rationalize development clinical pressing needs.Stimuli-activatable self-assembly, disassembly functional activation approaches developing realize better efficacy are elaborated state-of-the-art advances their structural detailed.A reflection, status, future perspectives provided.

Language: Английский

---

Stimuli-Responsive Polymer-Based Nanosystems for Cancer Theranostics

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(23), P. 23223 - 23261

Published: Dec. 2, 2023

Stimuli-responsive polymers can respond to internal stimuli, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), and pH, biological enzymes, external lasers ultrasound, etc., by changing their hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, degradability, ionizability, thus have been widely used in biomedical applications. Due the characteristics of tumor microenvironment (TME), stimuli-responsive that cater specifically TME extensively prepare smart nanovehicles for targeted delivery therapeutic diagnostic agents tissues. Compared conventional drug nanosystems, TME-responsive nanosystems many advantages, high sensitivity, broad applicability among different tumors, functional versatility, improved biosafety. In recent years, a great deal research has devoted engineering efficient polymeric significant improvement made both cancer diagnosis therapy. this review, we summarize some advances involving use polymer nanocarriers delivery, imaging, therapy, theranostics. Various chemical stimuli will be described context nanosystems. Accordingly, groups responsible responsiveness strategies incorporate these into discussed detail. With on topic expending at fast pace, innovative concepts, sequential cascade release, NIR-II multifunctional formulations, emerged popular enhanced performance, which also included here with up-to-date illustrations. We hope review offer valuable insights selection optimization help accelerate future applications treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Drug repurposing for cancer therapy

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: April 18, 2024

Abstract Cancer, a complex and multifactorial disease, presents significant challenge to global health. Despite advances in surgical, radiotherapeutic immunological approaches, which have improved cancer treatment outcomes, drug therapy continues serve as key therapeutic strategy. However, the clinical efficacy of is often constrained by resistance severe toxic side effects, thus there remains critical need develop novel therapeutics. One promising strategy that has received widespread attention recent years repurposing: identification new applications for existing, clinically approved drugs. Drug repurposing possesses several inherent advantages context since repurposed drugs are typically cost-effective, proven be safe, can significantly expedite development process due their already established safety profiles. In light this, present review offers comprehensive overview various methods employed repurposing, specifically focusing on treat cancer. We describe antitumor properties candidate drugs, discuss detail how they target both hallmarks tumor cells surrounding microenvironment. addition, we examine innovative integrating with nanotechnology enhance topical delivery. also emphasize role play when used part combination regimen. To conclude, outline challenges associated consider future prospects these transitioning into application.

Language: Английский

---

Managing the immune microenvironment of osteosarcoma: the outlook for osteosarcoma treatment

Bone Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Feb. 27, 2023

Osteosarcoma, with poor survival after metastasis, is considered the most common primary bone cancer in adolescents. Notwithstanding efforts of researchers, its five-year rate has only shown limited improvement, suggesting that existing therapeutic strategies are insufficient to meet clinical needs. Notably, immunotherapy certain advantages over traditional tumor treatments inhibiting metastasis. Therefore, managing immune microenvironment osteosarcoma can provide novel and valuable insight into multifaceted mechanisms underlying heterogeneity progression disease. Additionally, given advances nanomedicine, there exist many advanced nanoplatforms for enhanced satisfactory physiochemical characteristics. Here, we review classification, characteristics, functions key components osteosarcoma. This also emphasizes application, progress, prospects discusses several nanomedicine-based options enhance efficiency treatment. Furthermore, examine disadvantages standard present future perspectives immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

---

Cancer nanomedicine: a review of nano-therapeutics and challenges ahead

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(13), P. 8606 - 8629

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Cancer is known as the most dangerous disease in world terms of mortality and lack effective treatment. Research on cancer treatment still active great social importance. Since 1930, chemotherapeutics have been used to treat cancer. However, such conventional treatments are associated with pain, side effects, a targeting. Nanomedicines an emerging alternative due their targeting, bioavailability, low toxicity. Nanoparticles target cells via passive mechanisms. FDA approval for Doxil®, several nano-therapeutics developed, few received use Along liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoemulsions, even newer techniques involving extracellular vesicles (EVs) thermal nanomaterials now being researched implemented practice. This review highlights evolution current status therapy, focus clinical/pre-clinical nanomedicine studies. Insight also provided into prospects this regard.

Language: Английский

---

Current advance of nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment for malignant tumors

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Cancer remains a significant risk to human health. Nanomedicine is new multidisciplinary field that garnering lot of interest and investigation. shows great potential for cancer diagnosis treatment. Specifically engineered nanoparticles can be employed as contrast agents in diagnostics enable high sensitivity high-resolution tumor detection by imaging examinations. Novel approaches labeling are also made possible the use nanoprobes nanobiosensors. The achievement targeted medication delivery therapy accomplished through rational design manufacture nanodrug carriers. Nanoparticles have capability effectively transport medications or gene fragments tissues via passive active targeting processes, thus enhancing treatment outcomes while minimizing harm healthy tissues. Simultaneously, context radiation sensitization photothermal enhance therapeutic efficacy malignant tumors. This review presents literature overview summary how nanotechnology used According oncological diseases originating from different systems body combining pathophysiological features cancers at sites, we most recent developments applications. Finally, briefly discuss prospects challenges cancer.

Language: Английский

---

Nanoparticles in Clinical Trials: Analysis of Clinical Trials, FDA Approvals and Use for COVID-19 Vaccines

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 787 - 787

Published: Jan. 2, 2023

Nanoparticles are heterologous small composites that usually between 1 and 100 nanometers in size. They applied many areas of medicine with one them being drug delivery. have a number advantages as carriers which include reduced toxic effects, increased bioavailability, their ability to be modified for specific tissues or cells. Due the exciting development nanotechnology concomitant advances biotechnology medicine, clinical trials devoted nanoparticles delivery is growing rapidly. Some nanoparticles, lipid-based types, particular, played crucial role developing manufacturing two COVID-19 vaccines-Pfizer Moderna-that now widely used. In this analysis, we provide quantitative survey using during period from 2002 2021 well recent FDA-approved drugs (since 2016). A total 486 were identified clinicaltrials.gov database. The prevailing types liposomes (44%) protein-based formulations (26%) period. most commonly investigated content paclitaxel (23%), metals (11%), doxorubicin (9%), bupivacaine various vaccines (both 8%). Among nanoparticle drugs, polymeric (29%), liposomal (22%) (21%) common. also discuss differential diverse groups content, underlying factors behind trends.

Language: Английский

---

Recent Progress and Trends in X-ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy with Low Radiation Doses

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 19691 - 19721

Published: Nov. 15, 2022

The prominence of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating superficial skin cancer inspires innovative solutions for its congenitally deficient shadow penetration the visible-light excitation. X-ray-induced (X-PDT) has been proven to be a successful technique reforming conventional PDT deep-seated tumors by creatively utilizing penetrating X-rays as external excitation sources and witnessed rapid developments over past several years. Beyond proof-of-concept demonstration, recent advances X-PDT have exhibited trend minimizing X-ray radiation doses quite low values. As such, scintillating materials used bridge photosensitizers play significant role, do diverse well-designed irradiation modes smart strategies improving tumor microenvironment. Here this review, we provide comprehensive summary achievements highlight trending efforts using radiation. We first describe concept relationships with radiodynamic radiotherapy then dissect mechanism absorption conversion materials, reactive oxygen species evaluation X-PDT, side effects clinical concerns on Finally, discuss detailed overview progress regarding low-dose present perspectives possible translation. It is expected that pursuit will facilitate breakthroughs, both fundamentally clinically, effective treatment near future.

Language: Английский

---

Artificial Intelligence in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27, P. 37 - 69

Published: April 28, 2023

Drug discovery and development affects various aspects of human health dramatically impacts the pharmaceutical market. However, investments in a new drug often go unrewarded due to long complex process research (R&D). With advancement experimental technology computer hardware, artificial intelligence (AI) has recently emerged as leading tool analyzing abundant high-dimensional data. Explosive growth size biomedical data provides advantages applying AI all stages R&D. Driven by big biomedicine, led revolution R&D, its ability discover drugs more efficiently at lower cost. This review begins with brief overview common models field discovery; then, it summarizes discusses depth their specific applications such target discovery, design, preclinical research, automated synthesis, influences Finally, major limitations R&D are fully discussed possible solutions proposed.

Language: Английский

---

Recent Advances in Intranasal Liposomes for Drug, Gene, and Vaccine Delivery

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 207 - 207

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Liposomes are safe, biocompatible, and biodegradable spherical nanosized vesicles produced from cholesterol phospholipids. Recently, liposomes have been widely administered intranasally for systemic brain delivery. From the nasal cavity, liposome-encapsulated drugs genes enter circulation primarily via absorption in respiratory region, whereas they can be directly transported to olfactory pathway. protect enzymatic degradation, increase drug across epithelium, prolong residence time cavity. Intranasal also a potential approach vaccine used as platform load antigens adjuvants induce robust immune response. With recent interest intranasal liposome formulations, this review discusses various aspects of that make them suitable administration. We summarized latest advancements applications evaluated their performance delivery intranasally. reviewed advances development proposed perspectives on future liposomes.

Language: Английский

---