Frontiers in Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: March 31, 2023
There
are
many
metabolic
pathway
abnormalities
in
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
Several
studies
have
linked
branched-chain
amino
acid
(BCAA)
metabolism
disorders
with
AD
but
not
obtained
consistent
results.
The
purpose
of
this
study
is
to
explore
the
causal
association
between
BCAA
concentration
and
risk
AD.A
bidirectional
Mendelian
randomized
(MR)
was
applied
effect
level
AD.
Genetic
instrumental
variables
from
genome-wide
(GWAS)
serum
levels
[total
BCAAs
(115,047
participants),
valine
(115,048
leucine
(115,074
isoleucine
(115,075
participants)]
UK
Biobank
(21,982
cases
41,944
controls)
International
Genomics
Project
were
through
inverse
variance-weighted
(IVW)
method,
MR-Egger,
weighted
median,
accompanied
by
multiple
pluripotency
heterogeneity
tests.The
forward
MR
analysis
showed
that
there
no
total
(OR:
1.067,
95%
CI:
0.838-1.358;
p
=
0.838),
1.106,
0.917-1.333;
0.292),
1.096,
0.861-1.396;
0.659),
1.457,
1.024-2.742;
0.037)
on
reverse
related
reduced
0.979,
0.989-0.990;
<
0.001),
0.977,
0.963-0.991;
0.983,
0.973-0.994;
0.002),
0.982,
0.971-0.992;
0.001).We
provide
robust
evidence
associated
a
decreased
BCAAs,
which
can
serve
as
marker
for
early
diagnosis
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Feb. 16, 2024
Abstract
The
human
gastrointestinal
tract
is
populated
with
a
diverse
microbial
community.
vast
genetic
and
metabolic
potential
of
the
gut
microbiome
underpins
its
ubiquity
in
nearly
every
aspect
biology,
including
health
maintenance,
development,
aging,
disease.
advent
new
sequencing
technologies
culture-independent
methods
has
allowed
researchers
to
move
beyond
correlative
studies
toward
mechanistic
explorations
shed
light
on
microbiome–host
interactions.
Evidence
unveiled
bidirectional
communication
between
central
nervous
system,
referred
as
“microbiota–gut–brain
axis”.
microbiota–gut–brain
axis
represents
an
important
regulator
glial
functions,
making
it
actionable
target
ameliorate
development
progression
neurodegenerative
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
mechanisms
As
provides
essential
cues
microglia,
astrocytes,
oligodendrocytes,
examine
communications
microbiota
these
cells
during
healthy
states
Subsequently,
diseases
using
metabolite-centric
approach,
while
also
examining
role
microbiota-related
neurotransmitters
hormones.
Next,
targeting
intestinal
barrier,
blood–brain
meninges,
peripheral
immune
system
counteract
dysfunction
neurodegeneration.
Finally,
conclude
by
assessing
pre-clinical
clinical
evidence
probiotics,
prebiotics,
fecal
transplantation
A
thorough
comprehension
will
foster
effective
therapeutic
interventions
for
management
Nature Aging,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(11), P. 1619 - 1634
Published: Aug. 14, 2024
Aging
is
a
complex
process
associated
with
nearly
all
diseases.
Understanding
the
molecular
changes
underlying
aging
and
identifying
therapeutic
targets
for
aging-related
diseases
are
crucial
increasing
healthspan.
Although
many
studies
have
explored
linear
during
aging,
prevalence
of
mortality
risk
accelerates
after
specific
time
points,
indicating
importance
studying
nonlinear
changes.
In
this
study,
we
performed
comprehensive
multi-omics
profiling
on
longitudinal
human
cohort
108
participants,
aged
between
25
years
75
years.
The
participants
resided
in
California,
United
States,
were
tracked
median
period
1.7
years,
maximum
follow-up
duration
6.8
analysis
revealed
consistent
patterns
markers
substantial
dysregulation
occurring
at
two
major
periods
approximately
44
60
chronological
age.
Distinct
molecules
functional
pathways
these
also
identified,
such
as
immune
regulation
carbohydrate
metabolism
that
shifted
60-year
transition
cardiovascular
disease,
lipid
alcohol
40-year
transition.
Overall,
research
demonstrates
functions
risks
change
nonlinearly
across
lifespan
provides
insights
into
biological
involved
Nanomaterials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 153 - 153
Published: Jan. 10, 2024
Cardiovascular
diseases
(CVDs)
represent
a
significant
challenge
in
global
health,
demanding
advancements
diagnostic
modalities.
This
review
delineates
the
progressive
and
restrictive
facets
of
nanomaterial-based
biosensors
context
detecting
N-terminal
pro-B-type
natriuretic
peptide
(NT-proBNP),
an
indispensable
biomarker
for
CVD
prognosis.
It
scrutinizes
escalation
sensitivity
specificity
attributable
to
incorporation
novel
nanomaterials
such
as
graphene
derivatives,
quantum
dots,
metallic
nanoparticles,
how
these
enhancements
contribute
reducing
detection
thresholds
augmenting
fidelity
heart
failure
(HF).
Despite
technological
strides,
articulates
pivotal
challenges
impeding
clinical
translation
biosensors,
including
attainment
clinical-grade
sensitivity,
substantial
costs
associated
with
synthesizing
functionalizing
nanomaterials,
their
pragmatic
deployment
across
varied
healthcare
settings.
The
necessity
intensified
research
into
synthesis
functionalization
strategies
economize
production,
amelioration
biosensor
durability
ease
use
is
accentuated.
Regulatory
hurdles
integration
are
also
contemplated.
In
summation,
accentuates
transformative
potential
HF
diagnostics
emphasizes
critical
avenues
requisite
surmount
current
impediments
harness
full
spectrum
avant-garde
instruments.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
Abstract
KRAS
is
one
of
the
most
mutated
genes,
driving
alternations
in
metabolic
pathways
that
include
enhanced
nutrient
uptaking,
increased
glycolysis,
elevated
glutaminolysis,
and
heightened
synthesis
fatty
acids
nucleotides.
However,
beyond
mechanisms
KRAS-modulated
cancer
metabolisms
remain
incompletely
understood.
In
this
review,
we
aim
to
summarize
current
knowledge
on
KRAS-related
alterations
cells
explore
prevalence
significance
mutation
shaping
tumor
microenvironment
influencing
epigenetic
modification
via
various
molecular
activities.
Given
rely
these
changes
sustain
cell
growth
survival,
targeting
processes
may
represent
a
promising
therapeutic
strategy
for
KRAS-driven
cancers.
Journal of the American Heart Association,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(7)
Published: March 18, 2024
Branched
chain
amino
acids
(BCAAs)
are
essential
for
protein
homeostasis,
energy
balance,
and
signaling
pathways.
Changes
in
BCAA
homeostasis
have
emerged
as
pivotal
contributors
the
pathophysiology
of
several
cardiometabolic
diseases,
including
type
2
diabetes,
obesity,
hypertension,
atherosclerotic
cardiovascular
disease,
heart
failure.
In
this
review,
we
provide
a
detailed
overview
metabolism,
focus
on
molecular
mechanisms
linking
disrupted
with
summarize
evidence
from
observational
interventional
studies
investigating
associations
between
circulating
BCAAs
offer
valuable
insights
into
potential
manipulation
novel
therapeutic
strategy
disease.
