The Microbiota and the Gut–Brain Axis in Controlling Food Intake and Energy Homeostasis DOI Open Access
Marina Romaní‐Pérez, Clara Bullich‐Vilarrubias, Inmaculada López‐Almela

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. 5830 - 5830

Published: May 29, 2021

Obesity currently represents a major societal and health challenge worldwide. Its prevalence has reached epidemic proportions trends continue to rise, reflecting the need for more effective preventive measures. Hypothalamic circuits that control energy homeostasis in response food intake are interesting targets body-weight management, example, through interventions reinforce gut-to-brain nutrient signalling, whose malfunction contributes obesity. Gut microbiota–diet interactions might interfere sensing signalling from gut brain, where information is processed homeostasis. This microbiota–brain crosstalk mediated by metabolites, mainly short chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids or amino acids-derived metabolites subcellular bacterial components. These activate gut–endocrine and/or neural-mediated pathways pass systemic circulation then reach brain. Feeding time dietary composition main drivers of microbiota structure function. Therefore, aberrant feeding patterns unhealthy diets alter modify availability microbial ligands transmitting brain intake, thus impairing Herein, we update scientific evidence supporting source novel non-dietary biological products may beneficially regulate communication and, thus, improve metabolic health. Additionally, evaluate how modulate thereby, intraluminal these with potential effects on The review also identifies knowledge gaps advances required clinically apply microbiome-based strategies gut–brain axis function combat

Language: Английский

Circadian clock genes and the transcriptional architecture of the clock mechanism DOI Open Access
Kimberly H. Cox, Joseph S. Takahashi

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 63(4), P. R93 - R102

Published: Sept. 26, 2019

The mammalian circadian clock has evolved as an adaptation to the 24-h light/darkness cycle on earth. Maintaining cellular activities in synchrony with of organism (such eating and sleeping) helps different tissue organ systems coordinate optimize their performance. full extent mechanisms by which cells maintain are still under investigation, but involve a core set genes that regulate large networks gene transcription both direct transcriptional activation/repression well recruitment proteins modify chromatin states more broadly.

Language: Английский

Citations

360
Importance of circadian timing for aging and longevity DOI Creative Commons
Victoria A. Acosta-Rodríguez, Filipa Rijo‐Ferreira, Carla B. Green

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: May 17, 2021

Dietary restriction (DR) decreases body weight, improves health, and extends lifespan. DR can be achieved by controlling how much and/or when food is provided, as well adjusting nutritional composition. Because these factors are often combined during DR, it unclear which necessary for beneficial effects. Several drugs have been utilized that target nutrient-sensing gene pathways, many of change expression throughout the day, suggesting timing drug administration critical. Here, we discuss dietary pharmacological interventions promote a healthy lifespan influencing energy intake circadian rhythms.

Language: Английский

Citations

183
Brown Adipose Crosstalk in Tissue Plasticity and Human Metabolism DOI Creative Commons
Camilla Schéele, Christian Wolfrum

Endocrine Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 41(1), P. 53 - 65

Published: Oct. 15, 2019

Abstract Infants rely on brown adipose tissue (BAT) as a primary source of thermogenesis. In some adult humans, residuals are adjacent to the central nervous system and acute activation increases metabolic rate. Brown recruitment occurs during cold acclimation includes secretion factors, known batokines, which target several different cell types within BAT, promote adipogenesis, angiogenesis, immune interactions, neurite outgrowth. All these processes seem act in concert an adapted BAT. Recent studies have also provided exciting data whole body regulation with broad spectrum mechanisms involving BAT crosstalk liver, skeletal muscle, gut well system. These widespread interactions might reflect property switching between active thermogenic state where energy is highly consumed drained from circulation, passive thermoneutral state, consumption turned off. (Endocrine Reviews 41: XXX – XXX, 2020)

Language: Английский

Citations

153
Food as a circadian time cue — evidence from human studies DOI
Philip Lewis, Henrik Oster, Horst‐Werner Korf

et al.

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 213 - 223

Published: Feb. 13, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

149
The circadian immune system DOI
Chen Wang, Lydia K. Lutes, Coline Barnoud

et al.

Science Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(72)

Published: June 3, 2022

The immune system is highly time-of-day dependent. Pioneering studies in the 1960s were first to identify responses be under a circadian control. Only last decade, however, have molecular factors governing rhythms been identified. These revealed complex picture of interconnectivity rhythmicity within cells with that their environment. Here, we provide global overview system, focusing on recent advances rapidly expanding field immunology.

Language: Английский

Citations

122
Chronobiology and Chronomedicine DOI Open Access
Germaine Cornélissen,

Kuniaki Otsuka,

Tsuyoshi Hirota

et al.

Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Circadian rhythms have been shown to be ubiquitous and critically important in the experimental laboratory, accounting for difference between life death response identical stimulus. The partly endogenous nature of circadian has well documented methods their characterisation developed enabling cellular molecular mechanisms understood. Chronobiology Chronomedicine aims provide a review these underlying illustrate role brain’s suprachiasmatic nuclei ‘pace-making’ process effects caused by ‘clock genes’ present almost all cells. Beyond involved, book discusses relationship body systems, disease, proper function; particular, how disruption rhythm is associated with ill health disease status from observations made at organismic level. organised an ideal introduction postgraduate various fields, reviewing developments outlining show depth breadth chronobiology chronomedicine, as invaluable companion researchers healthcare professionals working field interest developing novel therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

108
Circadian Rhythms Disrupted by Light at Night and Mistimed Food Intake Alter Hormonal Rhythms and Metabolism DOI Open Access
O. Hecmarie Meléndez‐Fernández, Jennifer A. Liu, Randy J. Nelson

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 3392 - 3392

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Availability of artificial light and light-emitting devices have altered human temporal life, allowing 24-hour healthcare, commerce production, expanding social life around the clock. However, physiology behavior that evolved in context 24 h solar days are frequently perturbed by exposure to at night. This is particularly salient circadian rhythms, result endogenous biological clocks with a rhythm ~24 h. Circadian rhythms govern features behavior, set precisely primarily during day, though other factors, such as timing meals, can also affect rhythms. significantly affected night shift work because nocturnal light, electronic devices, shifts meals. Night workers increased risk for metabolic disorder, well several types cancer. Others who exposed or late mealtimes show disrupted cardiac disorders. It imperative understand how alter function develop strategies mitigate their negative effects. In this review, we provide an introduction physiological regulation homeostasis suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), SCN-mediated hormones display including melatonin glucocorticoids. Next, discuss circadian-gated processes sleep food intake, followed modern lighting disrupts molecular clock Lastly, identify disruptions metabolism increase susceptibility syndrome cardiovascular diseases, various harmful consequences associated on health.

Language: Английский

Citations

80
Review article: Pharmacologic management of obesity ‐ updates on approved medications, indications and risks DOI

Camille Lupiañez-Merly,

Saam Dilmaghani,

Kia Vosoughi

et al.

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 59(4), P. 475 - 491

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Summary Background Obesity has reached epidemic proportions, with >40% of the US population affected. Although traditionally managed by lifestyle modification, and less frequently bariatric therapies, there are significant pharmacological advancements. Aims To conduct a narrative review neurohormonal physiological understanding weight gain obesity, development, clinical testing, indications, expected outcomes, associated risks current FDA‐approved upcoming anti‐obesity medications (AOMs). Methods We conducted comprehensive in PubMed for articles on pathophysiology complications including terms ‘neurohormonal’, ‘obesity’, ‘incretin’, ‘weight loss’. Next, we searched trial data all AOMs, both generic trade names orlistat, phentermine/topiramate, bupropion/naltrexone, liraglutide, semaglutide. Additional searches were tirzepatide retatrutide ‐ expecting regulatory approval. Searches included combinations related to mechanism action, side effects, risks, future directions. Results reviewed specific role incretins glucagon. Clinical supporting use various loss presented, placebo‐controlled or, when available, head‐to‐head trials. Beneficial metabolic impact liver disease, adverse effects discussed, altered gastrointestinal motility risk periprocedural aspiration. Conclusion AOMs have established efficacy effectiveness even beyond 52 weeks. Further options, such as dual triple incretins, probable forthcoming additions practice combating obesity its consequences dysfunction‐associated steatotic disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Meal timing and its role in obesity and associated diseases DOI Creative Commons

Beeke Peters,

Janna Vahlhaus,

Olga Pivovarova‐Ramich

et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 22, 2024

Meal timing emerges as a crucial factor influencing metabolic health that can be explained by the tight interaction between endogenous circadian clock and homeostasis. Mistimed food intake, such delayed or nighttime consumption, leads to desynchronization of internal is associated with an increased risk for obesity disturbances type 2 diabetes cardiovascular diseases. Conversely, meal aligned cellular rhythms optimize performance tissues organs. In this review, we provide overview effects discuss underlying mechanisms. Additionally, explore factors timing, including determinants chronotype genetics, well external influences like social factors, cultural aspects, work schedules. This review could contribute defining meal-timing-based recommendations public initiatives developing guidelines effective lifestyle modifications targeting prevention treatment Furthermore, it sheds light on must considered in design future intervention trials.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Circadian clock communication during homeostasis and ageing DOI
Thomas Mortimer, Jacob G. Smith, Pura Muñoz‐Cánoves

et al.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2