Guidelines for measuring reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage in cells and in vivo

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(6), P. 651 - 662

Published: June 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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Several lines of antioxidant defense against oxidative stress: antioxidant enzymes, nanomaterials with multiple enzyme-mimicking activities, and low-molecular-weight antioxidants

Archives of Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 98(5), P. 1323 - 1367

Published: March 14, 2024

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen (RNS) are well recognized for playing a dual role, since they can be either deleterious or beneficial to biological systems. An imbalance between ROS production elimination is termed oxidative stress, critical factor common denominator of many chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic neurological disorders (Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s diseases), other disorders. To counteract the harmful effects ROS, organisms have evolved complex, three-line antioxidant defense system. The first-line mechanism most efficient involves enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx). This line plays an irreplaceable role in dismutation radicals (O 2 ·− ) hydrogen peroxide (H O ). removal by SOD prevents formation much more damaging peroxynitrite ONOO − + NO · → maintains physiologically relevant level nitric oxide (NO ), important molecule neurotransmission, inflammation, vasodilation. second-line pathway exogenous diet-derived small-molecule antioxidants. third-line ensured repair oxidized proteins biomolecules variety enzyme review briefly discusses endogenous (mitochondria, NADPH, xanthine oxidase (XO), Fenton reaction) (e.g., smoking, radiation, drugs, pollution) sources (superoxide radical, peroxide, hydroxyl peroxyl hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite). Attention has been given system provided SOD, CAT, GPx. chemical molecular mechanisms enzymes, enzyme-related (cancer, cardiovascular, lung, metabolic, GPx4) cellular processes ferroptosis discussed. Potential therapeutic applications mimics recent progress metal-based (copper, iron, cobalt, molybdenum, cerium) nonmetal (carbon)-based nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities (nanozymes) also Moreover, attention action low-molecular-weight antioxidants (vitamin C (ascorbate), vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), carotenoids β-carotene, lycopene, lutein), flavonoids quercetin, anthocyanins, epicatechin), (GSH)), activation transcription factors Nrf2, protection against diseases. Given that there discrepancy preclinical clinical studies, approaches may result greater pharmacological success therapies subject discussion.

Language: Английский

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ROS-induced lipid peroxidation modulates cell death outcome: mechanisms behind apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis

Archives of Toxicology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 97(6), P. 1439 - 1451

Published: May 2, 2023

Language: Английский

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Understanding mechanisms of antioxidant action in health and disease

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 13 - 33

Published: Sept. 15, 2023

Language: Английский

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Biomarkers of aging

Science China Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66(5), P. 893 - 1066

Published: April 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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ROS: Basic Concepts, Sources, Cellular Signaling, and its Implications in Aging Pathways

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 23

Published: Oct. 19, 2022

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are bioproducts of cellular metabolism. There is a range molecules with oxidizing properties known as ROS. Despite those being implied negatively in aging and numerous diseases, their key role signaling evident. ROS control several biological processes such inflammation, proliferation, cell death. The redox underlying these events one characteristic the new generation scientists aimed at defining environment. potential, which includes balance sources antioxidant system, implies an important target for understanding cells’ fate derived from signaling. In this review, we summarized chemical, balance, signaling, implications aging.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Basis of the KEAP1-NRF2 Signaling Pathway

Molecules and Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(3), P. 133 - 141

Published: March 1, 2023

Transcription factor NRF2 (NF-E2-related 2) is a master regulator of cellular responses against environmental stresses. induces expression detoxification and antioxidant enzymes suppresses inductions pro-inflammatory cytokine genes. KEAP1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) an adaptor subunit CULLIN 3 (CUL3)-based E3 ubiquitin ligase. regulates the activity acts as sensor for oxidative electrophilic has been found to be activated in many types cancers with poor prognosis. Therapeutic strategies control NRF2-overeactivated have considered not only by targeting cancer cells inhibitors or synthetic lethal chemicals, but also host defense inducers. Understanding precise molecular mechanisms how KEAP1-NRF2 system senses response critical overcome intractable NRF2-activated cancers.

Language: Английский

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Microenvironment-Responsive Metal-Phenolic Nanozyme Release Platform with Antibacterial, ROS Scavenging, and Osteogenesis for Periodontitis

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(19), P. 18732 - 18746

Published: Sept. 28, 2023

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease deriving from dental plaque, characterized by the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and other substances, resulting in destruction periodontal tissues. At present, main therapeutic modalities, such as local mechanical debridement antibiotic delivery, are not only difficult to solve intractable bacterial biofilm effectively but also tricky ameliorate response well regenerate impaired Herein, we have proposed TM/BHT/CuTA hydrogel system formed self-assembly copper-based nanozyme (copper tannic acid coordination nanosheets, CuTA NSs) triglycerol monostearate/2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (TM/BHT) hydrogel. The negatively charged can retain at inflammation sites with positive charge through electrostatic adsorption hydrolyze increasing MMP periodontitis, realizing on-demand release nanozyme. released has antibacterial antiplaque properties. Meanwhile, metal-phenolic nanozyme, it scavenge multiple ROS simulating cascade process superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalase (CAT). Further, modulate macrophage polarization M1 phenotype M2 Nrf2/NF-κB pathway, which reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines, increases anti-inflammatory promotes expression osteogenetic genes successively, thus relieving accelerating tissue regeneration periodontitis. Altogether, this multifunctional platform (TM/BHT/CuTA) provides desirable strategy for treatment

Language: Английский

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Targeting ROS in cancer: rationale and strategies

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(8), P. 583 - 606

Published: July 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants—A Critical Review on In Vitro Antioxidant Assays

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 2388 - 2388

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Antioxidants have been widely studied in the fields of biology, medicine, food, and nutrition sciences. There has extensive work on developing assays for foods biological systems. The scientific communities well-accepted effectiveness endogenous antioxidants generated body. However, health efficacy possible action exogenous dietary are still questionable. This may be attributed to several factors, including a lack basic understanding interaction body, agreement different antioxidant assays, specificity which leads an inability relate specific outcomes. Hence, there is significant doubt regarding relationship between human health. In this review, we documented variations current methodologies, their mechanisms, highly varying values six common food substrates (fruits, vegetables, processed foods, grains, legumes, milk, dairy-related products). Finally, discuss strengths weaknesses examine challenges correlating activity

Language: Английский

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