Nature Aging,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(6), P. 814 - 838
Published: April 16, 2024
Recent
investigations
into
heterochronic
parabiosis
have
unveiled
robust
rejuvenating
effects
of
young
blood
on
aged
tissues.
However,
the
specific
mechanisms
remain
incompletely
elucidated.
Here
we
demonstrate
that
small
extracellular
vesicles
(sEVs)
from
plasma
mice
counteract
pre-existing
aging
at
molecular,
mitochondrial,
cellular
and
physiological
levels.
Intravenous
injection
sEVs
extends
their
lifespan,
mitigates
senescent
phenotypes
ameliorates
age-associated
functional
declines
in
multiple
Quantitative
proteomic
analyses
identified
substantial
alterations
proteomes
tissues
after
sEV
treatment,
these
changes
are
closely
associated
with
metabolic
processes.
Mechanistic
reveal
stimulate
PGC-1α
expression
vitro
vivo
through
miRNA
cargoes,
thereby
improving
mitochondrial
functions
mitigating
deficits
Overall,
this
study
demonstrates
reverse
degenerative
age-related
dysfunction,
least
part,
by
stimulating
enhancing
energy
metabolism.
Trends in Cell Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
33(8), P. 667 - 681
Published: Feb. 1, 2023
The
study
of
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
and
nanoparticles
(NPs)
is
rapidly
expanding
because
recent
discoveries
have
revealed
a
much
greater
complexity
diversity
than
was
appreciated
only
few
years
ago.
New
types
EVs
NPs
recently
been
described.
Proteins
nucleic
acids
previously
thought
to
be
packaged
in
exosomes
appear
more
enriched
different
two
identified
amembranous
NPs,
exomeres
supermeres.
Thus,
our
understanding
the
cell
biology
intercellular
communication
facilitated
by
release
state
flux.
In
this
review,
we
describe
highlight
advances,
present
major
outstanding
questions.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: Sept. 13, 2022
Abstract
Mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
are
multipotent
stromal
that
can
be
obtained
from
various
human
tissues
and
organs.
They
differentiate
into
a
wide
range
of
cell
types,
including
osteoblasts,
adipocytes
chondrocytes,
thus
exhibiting
great
potential
in
regenerative
medicine.
Numerous
studies
have
indicated
MSCs
play
critical
roles
cancer
biology.
The
crosstalk
between
tumour
has
been
found
to
regulate
many
behaviours,
such
as
proliferation,
metastasis
epithelial-mesenchymal
transition
(EMT).
Multiple
lines
evidence
demonstrated
secrete
exosomes
modulate
the
microenvironment
important
development.
Notably,
very
recent
works
shown
mesenchymal
cell-derived
(MSC-derived
exosomes)
critically
involved
resistance
chemotherapy
agents,
targeted-therapy
drugs,
radiotherapy
immunotherapy.
In
this
review,
we
systematically
summarized
emerging
detailed
molecular
mechanisms
MSC-derived
mediating
therapy
resistance,
providing
novel
insights
clinical
applications
management.
Theranostics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(15), P. 6548 - 6575
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Extracellular
vesicles,
especially
small
extracellular
vesicles
(sEVs)
are
now
accepted
as
important
messengers
in
cell-to-cell
communication
and
a
promising
drug
delivery
platform.They
involved
nearly
all
physiological
pathological
processes
disease
diagnosis
therapy.However,
their
heterogeneity
of
physicochemical
properties
functions
is
not
fully
understood,
which
hinders
further
clinical
applications.To
obtain
highly
bioactive
sEVs
with
both
high
yield
purity,
will
certainly
facilitate
future
study
application.This
review
informs
up-to-date
research
on
frequently-used
cutting-edge
technologies
isolation
makes
deep
comparison
analysis
different
methods,
including
advantages,
limitations
applications.Pending
questions
about
the
inherent
property
these
well
strategies
discussed.Additionally,
an
overview
applications
treatment,
some
on-going
trials,
also
reviewed.
Redox Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
62, P. 102655 - 102655
Published: March 9, 2023
Sepsis
is
a
fatal
disease
with
high
rate
of
morbidity
and
mortality,
during
which
acute
lung
injury
the
earliest
most
serious
complication.
Injury
pulmonary
microvascular
endothelial
cells
(PMVECs)
induced
by
excessive
inflammation
plays
an
important
role
in
sepsis
injury.
This
study
meant
to
explore
protective
effect
mechanism
ADSCs
exosomes
on
PMVECs
injury.We
successfully
isolated
exosomes,
characteristic
were
confirmed.
reduced
inflammatory
response
ROS
accumulation
cell
PMVECs.
Besides,
inhibited
ferroptosis
while
upregulated
expression
GPX4
And
further
inhibition
experiments
revealed
that
alleviated
via
upregulating
GPX4.
Meanwhile,
could
increase
nucleus
translocation
Nrf2,
decrease
Keap1.
miRNA
analysis
verified
specific
delivery
miR-125b-5p
Keap1
ferroptosis.
In
CLP
model,
relieve
tissue
death
rate.
oxidative
stress
tissue,
remarkably
Nrf2
GPX4.Collectively,
we
illustrated
novel
potentially
therapeutic
alleviate
regulating
Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4
expression,
hence
improve
sepsis.
Molecular Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
31(5), P. 1231 - 1250
Published: Feb. 20, 2023
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
gaining
increasing
attention
for
diagnostic
and
therapeutic
applications
in
various
diseases.
These
natural
nanoparticles
benefit
from
favorable
safety
profiles
unique
biodistribution
capabilities,
rendering
them
attractive
drug-delivery
modalities
over
synthetic
analogs.
However,
the
widespread
use
of
EVs
is
limited
by
technological
shortcomings
biological
knowledge
gaps
that
fail
to
unravel
their
heterogeneity.
An
in-depth
understanding
biogenesis
crucial
unlocking
full
potential.
Here,
we
explore
how
about
EV
can
be
exploited
bioengineering
load
protein
or
nucleic
acid
cargos
into
onto
EVs.
We
summarize
more
than
75
articles
discuss
findings
on
formation
composition
exosomes
microvesicles,
revealing
multiple
pathways
may
stimulation
and/or
cargo
dependent.
Our
analysis
further
identifies
key
regulators
loading
this
integrated
develop
engineered
biotherapeutics.
