Behaviorally consequential astrocytic regulation of neural circuits

Neuron, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 109(4), P. 576 - 596

Published: Dec. 31, 2020

Language: Английский

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Sleep deprivation and stress: a reciprocal relationship

Interface Focus, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 20190092 - 20190092

Published: April 17, 2020

Sleep is highly conserved across evolution, suggesting vital biological functions that are yet to be fully understood. Animals and humans experiencing partial sleep restriction usually exhibit detrimental physiological responses, while total prolonged loss could lead death. The perturbation of homeostasis accompanied by an increase in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity, leading a rise circulating levels stress hormones (e.g. cortisol humans, corticosterone rodents). Such follow circadian release pattern under undisturbed conditions participate the regulation sleep. investigation consequences deprivation, from molecular changes behavioural alterations, has been used study fundamental However, reciprocal relationship between activity HPA problematic when investigating using traditional sleep-deprivation protocols can induce per se . This especially true studies rodents which deprivation achieved exogenous, potentially stressful, sensory–motor stimulations undoubtedly confuse their conclusions. While more research needed explore mechanisms underlying health, avoiding as confounding factor therefore crucial. review examines evidence intricate links context experimental proposes sophisticated framework for procedures benefit recent progress biotechnological tools precise neuromodulation, such chemogenetics optogenetics, well improved automated real-time sleep-scoring algorithms.

Language: Английский

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Arousal and sleep circuits

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 6 - 20

Published: June 19, 2019

Language: Английский

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VTA GABA Neurons at the Interface of Stress and Reward

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Dec. 5, 2019

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is best known for its robust dopaminergic projections to forebrain regions and their critical role in regulating reward, motivation, cognition, aversion. However, the VTA not only made of dopamine (DA) cells, as approximately 35% cells are GABA neurons. These neurons play a dual role, provide both local inhibition DA long-range several distal brain regions. have increasingly been recognized potent mediators reward aversion own right, well potential targets treatment addiction, depression, other stress-linked disorders. In this review, we dissect circuit architecture, physiology, behavioral roles suggest gaps be addressed.

Language: Английский

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The Temperature Dependence of Sleep

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 24, 2019

Mammals have evolved a range of behavioural and neurological mechanisms that coordinate cycles thermoregulation sleep. Whether diurnal or nocturnal, sleep onset reduction in core temperature occur together. Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) episodes are also accompanied by brain cooling. Thermoregulatory behaviours, like nest building curling up, accompany this circadian decline preparation for sleeping. This could be matter simply comfort as animals seek warmth to compensate lower temperatures. However, both humans other mammals, direct skin warming can shorten sleep-latency promote NREM We discuss the evidence body cooling more fundamentally connected thermoregulatory prior sleep, form warm microclimates accelerate directly through neuronal circuits. Paradoxically, might induce vasodilation In way, seeking nesting behaviour enhance cycle activating specific circuits link initiation suggest these explain why is most likely when at its steepest rate transitions decrease temperature. connection may implications energy homeostasis function

Language: Английский

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Pillar[5]arene-Based Fluorescent Sensor Array for Biosensing of Intracellular Multi-neurotransmitters through Host–Guest Recognitions

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 144(5), P. 2351 - 2359

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Neurotransmitters are very important for neuron events and brain diseases. However, effective probes analyzing specific neurotransmitters currently lacking. Herein, we design create a supramolecular fluorescent probe (CN-DFP5) by synthesizing dual-functionalized pillar[5]arene derivative with borate naphthalene aldehyde coumarin recognition groups to identify large-scale neurotransmitters. The developed can detect seven model generating different fluorescence patterns through three types of host-guest interactions. obtained signals statistically processed principal component analysis, thus the high-throughput analysis is realized under dual-channel responses. present combines advantages small-molecule-based easily enter into living neurons cross-reactive sensor arrays. Thus, selective binding enables this in biofluids, neurons, tissues. High selectivity sensitivity further demonstrate that molecular device could extend more applications image

Language: Английский

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A specific circuit in the midbrain detects stress and induces restorative sleep

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(6601), P. 63 - 72

Published: June 30, 2022

In mice, social defeat stress (SDS), an ethological model for psychosocial stress, induces sleep. Such sleep could enable resilience, but how promotes is unclear. Activity-dependent tagging revealed a subset of ventral tegmental area γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-somatostatin (VTA

Language: Английский

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Understanding the Neural Mechanisms of General Anesthesia from Interaction with Sleep–Wake State: A Decade of Discovery

Pharmacological Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 75(3), P. 532 - 553

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

The development of cutting-edge techniques to study specific brain regions and neural circuits that regulate sleep–wake states general anesthesia (GA), has increased our understanding these exhibit similar neurophysiologic traits. This review summarizes current knowledge focusing on cell subtypes control wakefulness, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, non-REM GA. We also novel insights into their interactions raise unresolved questions challenges in this field. Comparisons the overlapping substrates GA regulation will help us understand transitions how anesthetics cause reversible loss consciousness.

Significance Statement

General sharing numerous traits with process natural is administered millions surgical patients annually. In past decade, studies exploring mechanisms underlying have advanced Pharmacotherapies targeting associated regulations significance for clinical practice sleep medicine.

Language: Английский

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Interorgan rhythmicity as a feature of healthful metabolism

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(4), P. 655 - 669

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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Ketogenic diet-produced β-hydroxybutyric acid accumulates brain GABA and increases GABA/glutamate ratio to inhibit epilepsy

Cell Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Abstract Ketogenic diet (KD) alleviates refractory epilepsy and reduces seizures in children. However, the metabolic/cell biologic mechanisms by which KD exerts its antiepileptic efficacy remain elusive. Herein, we report that KD-produced β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) augments brain gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) GABA/glutamate ratio to inhibit epilepsy. The ameliorated pentetrazol-induced mice. Mechanistically, BHB, but not other ketone bodies, inhibited HDAC1/HDAC2, increased H3K27 acetylation, transcriptionally upregulated SIRT4 glutamate decarboxylase 1 ( GAD1 ). BHB-induced de-carbamylated inactivated dehydrogenase preserve for GABA synthesis, upregulation mouse neuron excitation. BHB administration mice induced pentetrazol. BHB-mediated relief of required high level ratio. These results identified as major metabolite suggested may serve an alternative less toxic agent than KD.

Language: Английский

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