Antiviral Molecular Targets of Essential Oils against SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review

Scientia Pharmaceutica, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 91(1), P. 15 - 15

Published: March 6, 2023

Essential oils are potential therapeutics for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in which some of the volatile compounds essential have been well known their broad antiviral activities. These therapeutic candidates shown to regulate excessive secretion pro-inflammatory cytokines, underlies pathogenesis severe COVID-19. We aimed identify molecular targets disrupting cell entry and replication SARS-CoV-2, hence being active as antivirals. Literature searches were performed on PubMed, Scopus, Scillit, CaPlus/SciFinder (7 December 2022) with a truncated title implying anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity oil. Data collected from eligible studies described narratively. Quality appraisal was included studies. A total eight this review; four used enzyme inhibition assay, one—pseudo-SARS-CoV-2 culture; two—whole SARS-CoV-2 one—ACE2-expressing cancer cells. may prevent infection by targeting its receptors cells (ACE2 TMPRSS2). Menthol, 1,8-cineole, camphor among serve ACE2 blockers. β-caryophyllene selectively target spike protein inhibit viral entry. Other interactions proteases RdRp observed based docking. In conclusion, could proteins related replication. Further improved uniform study designs should be carried out optimize COVID-19 therapies.

Language: Английский

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Carnosic Acid Inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus Replication by Suppressing Cellular ATP Synthesis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 4983 - 4983

Published: May 3, 2024

Acquiring resistance against antiviral drugs is a significant problem in antimicrobial therapy. In order to identify novel compounds, the activity of eight plants indigenous southern region Hungary herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) was investigated. The plant extracts and compound carnosic acid were tested for their effectiveness on both extracellular intracellular forms HSV-2 Vero HeLa cells. replication measured by direct quantitative PCR (qPCR). Among extracts, Salvia rosmarinus (S. rosmarinus) exhibited 90.46% reduction at 0.47 μg/mL concentration. Carnosic acid, major found rosemary, also demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition HSV-2. 90% inhibitory concentration (IC90) between 25 6.25 μg/mL. Proteomics high-resolution respirometry showed that suppressed key ATP synthesis pathways such as glycolysis, citrate cycle, oxidative phosphorylation. Inhibition phosphorylation up 39.94-fold. These results indicate action includes generation suppressing energy production pathways. holds promise potential agent

Language: Английский

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Biochemical Screening of Phytochemicals and Identification of Scopoletin as a Potential Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, Revealing Its Biophysical Impact on Structural Stability

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 402 - 402

Published: March 12, 2025

The main protease (Mpro or 3CLpro nsp5) of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial to the life cycle and pathogenesis SARS-CoV-2, making it an attractive drug target develop antivirals. This study employed virtual screening a few phytochemicals, resultant best compound, Scopoletin, was further investigated by FRET-based enzymatic assay, revealing experimental IC50 15.75 µM. impact Scopoletin on Mpro biophysical MD simulation studies. Fluorescence spectroscopy identified strong binding constant 3.17 × 104 M⁻1 for Mpro, as demonstrated its effective fluorescence quenching Mpro. Additionally, CD showed significant reduction in helical content upon interaction with Scopoletin. findings thermodynamic measurements using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) supported spectroscopic data, indicating tight KA 2.36 103 M−1. Similarly, studies have also revealed that forms hydrogen bonds amino acids nearest active site, this has been molecular dynamics These indicate may be developed potential antiviral treatment targeting

Language: Английский

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GC/MS Analysis, Cytotoxicity, and Antimicrobial Properties of Six Moroccan Essential Oils Traditionally Used for COVID-19 Prevention

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has reignited interest in traditional medicinal plants as potential therapeutic agents. This study examines the chemical composition, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from six Moroccan plants: Eucalyptus globulus, Artemisia absinthium, Syzygium aromaticum, Thymus vulgaris, alba, Santolina chamaecyparissus, commonly used by population for prevention. composition each oil was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify key compounds. Cytotoxicity evaluated on Vero E6 cell line, frequently SARS-CoV-2 research, neutral red assay, with concentrations ranging 25 100 µg/mL. Antimicrobial tested against multidrug-resistant strains such Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis disc diffusion method. GC-MS analysis revealed significant components spathulenol (15%) caryophyllene oxide (7.67%) Eucalyptus eugenol (54.96%) Syzygium aromaticum. assays indicated that higher significantly reduced viability, Thymus vulgaris showing highest IC₅₀ (8.324 µM) Artemisia absinthium lowest (18.49 µM). In terms activity, globulus exhibited strongest effect a 20 ± 0.00 mm inhibition zone subtilis, while both aromaticum herba-alba showed 12.25 0.1 same strain. These findings suggest these have potential, particularly combating resistance cytotoxic effects viral lines. Further research is necessary explore their mechanisms action ensure safety use.

Language: Английский

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Plant‐based essential oil encapsulated in nanoemulsions and their enhanced therapeutic applications: An overview

Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 121(2), P. 415 - 433

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

Abstract In recent years, studies on the formulation of nanoemulsions have been focus attention due to their potential applicability in food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and agricultural industries. Nanoemulsions can be formulated using ingredients approved by Food Drug Administration (FDA), which assures safety profiles a great extent. Bioactive compounds such as essential oils although strong biological properties antimicrobial compounds, usage is restricted high volatility, instability, hydrophobic nature. Therefore, nanoemulsion carrier vehicle used encapsulate obtain stable enhanced physicochemical characteristics oils. This review details structure, formulation, characterization techniques for nanoemulsions, with oil‐based anticancer therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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Engineered Cross-Linked Silane with Urea Polymer Thin Durable Coatings onto Polymeric Films for Controlled Antiviral Release of Activated Chlorine and Essential Oils

Journal of Functional Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 270 - 270

Published: May 12, 2023

In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced a pandemic attributed to SARS-CoV-2, novel beta-coronavirus, which spread widely from China. As result, need for antiviral surfaces has increased significantly. Here, preparation and characterization of new coatings on polycarbonate (PC) controlled release activated chlorine (Cl

Language: Английский

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Brazilian Medicinal Plants and Their Metabolites as Potential Antivirals Against SARS-CoV-2: a Systematic Review of Experimental Findings

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(5), P. 883 - 898

Published: April 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 in Dental Practice Is Prevented by Eugenol Responsible for the Ambient Odor Specific to Dental Offices: Possibility and Speculation

Medical Principles and Practice, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(2), P. 83 - 89

Published: Dec. 26, 2023

Dental professionals routinely work in proximity to patients even when either or both of them have suspected confirmed COVID-19. The oral cavity also serves as a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 because the virus is present and replicates secretions (saliva gingival crevicular fluid), tissues (salivary gland periodontal tissue), microenvironments (gingival sulcus pocket). Despite high risk infection, prevalence COVID-19 dentists, dental hygienists, assistants, their was similar that general population during pandemic. We propose eugenol, which responsible ambient odor specific offices, could contribute prevention settings. Eugenol not only released from materials (filling, cement, sealer) but aerosolized by procedures (grinding, polishing, restoration). Such eugenol has been suggested possess potential inhibit infectivity replication SARS-CoV-2, entry into human cells binding specifically viral spike protein, protease indispensable replication. It shown acts on airborne viruses reduce loads. This review highlights hypothesis environment offices impregnated with suppresses transmission contagion between patients, preventing practice. Anti-COVID-19 might give insights safe delivery treatment care era.

Language: Английский

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Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by people cured of SARS-CoV-2 in the center of Algeria

Ethnobotany Research and Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28

Published: March 14, 2024

Background: The COVID-19 disease has affected more than 760 million people and caused 6,780,000 deaths worldwide. These numbers are likely to increase; however, the availability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine slowed its rate spread. On other hand, several societies around world have used many medicinal plants prevent or treat this disease, particularly in regions with a long history traditional medicine, like North African countries. Method: This study was conducted from February November 2022 three Algerian provinces (Bejaia, Bouira, Tizi-Ouzou). ethnobotanical information obtained through direct interview 459 cured COVID-19. Results: In investigation, 35 belonging 21 families were registered, which 74.29% local 25.71% imported mostly Citrus limon L. (68.49%), Origanum vulgare (50%), Syzygium aromaticum (41.66%), Mentha spicata (35.68%), Zingiber officinale Roscoe (26.04%), Aloysia citrodora Palau. (21.09%), Allium sativum (8.59%), ×sinensis (8.33%), Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (8.07%), cepa (7.29%). Conclusion: survey, where collected COVID-19, is first Algeria probably world. Therefore, an interesting contribution management epidemic, at present cases recorded throughout Keywords: SARS-Cov-2, people, population, plant

Language: Английский

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Potential Use and Effects of Essential Oils in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): Traditional Review

Journal of Literature Pharmacy Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 18 - 27

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2), a new type of beta coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan, China, and caused pandemic, was declared disease-2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization on February 12, 2020. Natural remedies from plants have been used traditionally for thousands years. The global interest drug development natural products has grown tremendously. essential oils, which attract attention with their rich original content, is increasing this direction. It thought are effective against various microorganisms, may help treat COVID-19 due to anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bronchodilator, antibacterial, antiviral properties. This review briefly describes current biology, epidemiology, clinical aspects oil's activity SARS-COV-2 considering its effectiveness field. observed most studies subject consist silico vitro studies. In context, molecular docking come into prominence. However, vivo oils notable antiviral-antibacterial effects must be increased. Therefore, active components will promising potential candidates COVID-19, numbers potentially grow. conclusion, present focused common well-known available pharmaceutical markets, show visible activities, especially enveloped viruses, including COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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