Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: May 20, 2024
Abstract
Tumor
biomarkers,
the
substances
which
are
produced
by
tumors
or
body’s
responses
to
during
tumorigenesis
and
progression,
have
been
demonstrated
possess
critical
encouraging
value
in
screening
early
diagnosis,
prognosis
prediction,
recurrence
detection,
therapeutic
efficacy
monitoring
of
cancers.
Over
past
decades,
continuous
progress
has
made
exploring
discovering
novel,
sensitive,
specific,
accurate
tumor
significantly
promoted
personalized
medicine
improved
outcomes
cancer
patients,
especially
advances
molecular
biology
technologies
developed
for
detection
biomarkers.
Herein,
we
summarize
discovery
development
including
history
conventional
innovative
used
biomarker
classification
biomarkers
based
on
tissue
origins,
application
clinical
management.
In
particular,
highlight
recent
advancements
biomarker-based
anticancer-targeted
therapies
emerging
as
breakthroughs
promising
strategies.
We
also
discuss
limitations
challenges
that
need
be
addressed
provide
insights
perspectives
turn
into
opportunities
this
field.
Collectively,
multiple
emphasized
review
may
guidance
precision
medicine,
broaden
horizons
future
research
directions,
expedite
patients
according
their
rather
than
organs
origin.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
31(6)
Published: Dec. 17, 2018
Abstract
Photoacoustic
(PA)
imaging
as
a
fast‐developing
technique
has
great
potential
in
biomedical
and
clinical
applications.
It
is
noninvasive
modality
that
depends
on
the
light‐absorption
coefficient
of
imaged
tissue
injected
PA‐imaging
contrast
agents.
Furthermore,
PA
provides
superb
contrast,
super
spatial
resolution,
high
penetrability
sensitivity
to
functional
characteristics
by
detecting
acoustic
wave
construct
images.
In
recent
years,
series
agents
are
developed
improve
performance
Here,
progress
their
applications
outlined.
classified
according
components
function,
gold
nanocrystals,
gold‐nanocrystal
assembly,
transition‐metal
chalcogenides/MXene‐based
nanomaterials,
carbon‐based
other
inorganic
agents,
small
organic
molecules,
semiconducting
polymer
nanoparticles,
nonlinear
discussed.
The
biosensors
(in
sensing
metal
ions,
pH,
enzymes,
temperature,
hypoxia,
reactive
oxygen
species,
nitrogen
species)
bioimaging
(lymph
nodes,
vasculature,
tumors,
brain
tissue)
discussed
detail.
Finally,
an
outlook
future
research
investigation
significance
presented.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
60(30), P. 16294 - 16308
Published: Aug. 12, 2020
The
development
of
fluorophores
for
the
second
near-infrared
window
(NIR-II,
1000-1700
nm)
represents
an
emerging,
significant,
and
vibrant
field
in
analytic
chemistry,
chemical
biology,
biomedical
engineering.
wavelength,
brightness,
stability
are
three
crucial
factors
that
determine
performance
NIR-II
fluorophore.
Up
to
now,
significant
progress
has
been
made
fluorescence
molecular
probes,
including
synthesis
D-A-D
D-π-A
with
improved
imaging
construction
off-on
probes
ratiometric
via
energy
transfer
or
structure
modification.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
most
recent
advances
engineering
design
strategies
then
highlight
a
selection
bioimaging
biosensing
applications.
We
also
provide
perspectives
on
potential
challenges
opportunities
emerging
field.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
119(22), P. 11761 - 11817
Published: Nov. 15, 2019
This
article
aims
to
review
nature-inspired
chemical
sensors
for
enabling
fast,
relatively
inexpensive,
and
minimally
(or
non-)
invasive
diagnostics
follow-up
of
the
health
conditions.
It
can
be
achieved
via
monitoring
biomarkers
volatile
biomarkers,
that
are
excreted
from
one
or
combination
body
fluids
(breath,
sweat,
saliva,
urine,
seminal
fluid,
nipple
aspirate
tears,
stool,
blood,
interstitial
cerebrospinal
fluid).
The
first
part
gives
an
updated
compilation
linked
with
specific
sickness
and/or
sampling
origin.
other
provides
a
didactic
examination
concepts
approaches
related
emerging
chemistries,
sensing
materials,
transduction
techniques
used
biomarker-based
medical
evaluations.
strengths
pitfalls
each
approach
discussed
criticized.
Future
perspective
relation
information
communication
era
is
presented
discussed.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
119(22), P. 11718 - 11760
Published: Nov. 14, 2019
All
cellular
processes
are
the
results
of
synchronized
actions
several
intracellular
biochemical
pathways.
Recent
emphasis
is
to
visualize
such
pathways
using
appropriate
small
molecular
reagents,
dye-labeled
proteins,
and
genetically
encoded
fluorescent
biosensors
that
produce
a
luminescence
ON
response
either
on
selective
binding
or
reacting
with
an
analyte
produced
through
specific
biochemical/enzymatic
transformation.
Studying
enzymatic
by
probing
fluorescence
as
read-out
signal
expected
provide
important
insights
into
crucial
transformations
induced
enzyme
in
its
native
form.
Many
studies
extended
for
monitoring
under
vitro
vivo
condition.
A
few
recent
reports
reveal
probes
even
capable
quantifying
abnormal
levels
enzymes
real-time
linked
key
area
clinical
diagnostics
chemical
biology.
analysis
all
helps
developing
rationale
designing
purpose-built
chemodosimeters
well
newer
reagents
studying
process
quantification
respective
enzyme.
In
this
review,
attempt
will
be
there
highlight
bioimaging
have
provided
transformations.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
48(21), P. 5381 - 5407
Published: Jan. 1, 2019
The
ever-growing
use
of
inorganic
nanoparticles
(NPs)
in
biomedicine
provides
an
exciting
approach
to
develop
novel
imaging
and
drug
delivery
systems,
owing
the
ease
with
which
these
NPs
can
be
functionalized
cater
various
applications.
In
cancer
therapeutics,
nanomedicine
generally
relies
on
enhanced
permeability
retention
(EPR)
effect
observed
tumour
vasculature
deliver
anti-cancer
drugs
across
endothelium.
However,
such
a
phenomenon
is
dependent
microenvironment
not
consistently
all
types,
thereby
limiting
transport
site.
On
other
hand,
there
rise
utilizing
intentionally
induce
endothelial
leakiness,
creating
window
opportunity
control
While
this
active
targeting
creates
similar
compared
EPR
arising
from
tissues,
its
applications
extend
beyond
therapeutics
into
vascular-related
diseases.
review,
we
summarize
current
findings
assess
limitations
context
systems.
offers
possible
route
for
passage,
further
explore
alternative
uses
create
controllable
leakiness
within
short
exposures,
coined
as
nanomaterial-induced
(NanoEL).
Furthermore,
discuss
main
mechanistic
features
NanoEL
that
make
it
unique
conventionally
established
homeostatic
pathologic
conditions,
well
examine
potential
applicability
diseases,
particularly
cancer.
Therefore,
new
paradigm
changes
way
are
currently
being
used
biomedical
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
14(6), P. 6470 - 6497
Published: May 22, 2020
As
a
class
of
carbon-based
nanomaterials,
carbon
dots
(CDs)
have
attracted
enormous
attention
because
their
tunable
optical
and
physicochemical
properties,
such
as
absorptivity
photoluminescence
from
ultraviolet
to
near-infrared,
high
photostability,
biocompatibility,
aqueous
dispersity.
These
characteristics
make
CDs
promising
alternative
photonic
nanoagent
conventional
fluorophores
in
disease
diagnosis,
treatment,
healthcare
managements.
This
review
describes
the
fundamental
photophysical
properties
highlights
recent
applications
bioimaging,
photomedicine
(e.g.,
photodynamic/photothermal
therapies),
biosensors,
devices.
We
discuss
current
challenges
future
prospects
give
an
insight
into
developing
vibrant
fields
CD-based
biomedicine
healthcare.
Nano Letters,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
19(4), P. 2418 - 2427
Published: March 18, 2019
Quantitatively
imaging
the
spatiotemporal
distribution
of
biological
events
in
living
organisms
is
essential
to
understand
fundamental
processes.
Self-calibrating
ratiometric
fluorescent
probes
enable
accurate
and
reliable
sensing,
but
conventional
using
wavelength
400-900
nm
suffer
from
extremely
low
resolution
for
vivo
application
due
disastrous
photon
scattering
tissue
autofluorescence
background.
Here,
we
develop
a
NIR-IIb
(1500-1700
nm)
emissive
nanoprobe
high-resolution
fluorescence
vivo.
The
obtained
shows
fast
response
hypochlorous
acid
(HOCl)
with
detection
limit
down
500
nM,
through
an
absorption
competition-induced
emission
(ACIE)
bioimaging
system
between
lanthanide-based
downconversion
nanoparticles
Cy7.5
fluorophores.
Additionally,
demonstrate
superior
spatial
1550
penetration
depth
3.5
mm
phantom,
which
7.1-fold
2.1-fold
higher
than
that
1064
1344
nm,
respectively.
With
this
nanoprobe,
clear
anatomical
structures
lymphatic
inflammation
channel
are
observed
precise
∼477
μm.
This
study
will
motivate
further
research
on
development
NIR-II
biosensing
