Metabolism and Metabolic Disorders and the Microbiome: The Intestinal Microbiota Associated With Obesity, Lipid Metabolism, and Metabolic Health—Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Strategies

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 160(2), P. 573 - 599

Published: Nov. 27, 2020

Language: Английский

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Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 699 - 699

Published: Feb. 22, 2021

The most prevalent diseases of our time, non-communicable (NCDs) (including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and some types cancer) are rising worldwide. All them share the condition an “inflammatory disorder”, with impaired immune functions frequently caused or accompanied by alterations in gut microbiota. These multifactorial maladies also have common malnutrition related to physiopathology. In this context, diet is greatest modulator system–microbiota crosstalk, much interest, new challenges, arising area precision nutrition as a way towards treatment prevention. It fact that westernized (WD) partly responsible for increased prevalence NCDs, negatively affecting both microbiota system. Conversely, other nutritional approaches, such Mediterranean (MD), positively influence system microbiota, proposed not only potential tool clinical management different disease conditions, but prevention health promotion globally. Thus, purpose review determine regulatory role components WD MD interplay, order understand, create awareness of, over key components.

Language: Английский

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The Two-Way Polyphenols-Microbiota Interactions and Their Effects on Obesity and Related Metabolic Diseases

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Dec. 20, 2019

Metabolic diseases can change the gut microbiota composition and function, pathogenic bacteria contribute to development of metabolic disorders. Polyphenols may act in favor increase beneficial hamper bacteria. In addition, on polyphenols their bioavailability. This two-way interaction between could affect human metabolism reduce cardiometabolic risk. Despite possible benefits for health through modulating microbiome, studies are scarce present several limitations. review provides an overview polyphenol–microbiota its effects

Language: Английский

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Curcumin, Quercetin, Catechins and Metabolic Diseases: The Role of Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 206 - 206

Published: Jan. 12, 2021

Polyphenols (PPs) are the naturally occurring bioactive components in fruits and vegetables, they most abundant antioxidant human diet. Studies suggesting that ingestion of PPs might be helpful to ameliorate metabolic syndromes may contribute prevention several chronic disorders like diabetes, obesity, hypertension, colon cancer. have structural diversity which impacts their bioavailability as accumulate large intestine extensively metabolized through gut microbiota (GM). Intestinal transforms into metabolites make them bioactive. Interestingly, not only GM act on metabolize but also modulate composition GM. Thus, change from pathogenic beneficial ones health associated diseases. However, overcome low PPs, various approaches been developed improve solubility transportation gut. In this review, we present evidence supporting changes occur after reactions (curcumin, quercetin, catechins) effect leads improving overall helping disorders.

Language: Английский

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Resveratrol, Metabolic Syndrome, and Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 1651 - 1651

Published: Nov. 3, 2018

Resveratrol is a polyphenol which has been shown to have beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome-related alterations in experimental animals, including glucose and lipid homeostasis improvement reduction fat mass, blood pressure, low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress. Clinical trials carried out address its potential; however, results are still inconclusive. Even though resveratrol partly metabolized by gut microbiota, the relevance of this "forgotten organ" had not widely considered. However, past few years, data emerged suggesting that therapeutic potential compound may be due interaction with reporting changes bacterial composition associated outcomes. scarce for most part observational, it promising nevertheless, supplementation could useful tool treatment syndrome conditions.

Language: Английский

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Fermented Foods, Health and the Gut Microbiome

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1527 - 1527

Published: April 6, 2022

Fermented foods have been a part of human diet for almost 10,000 years, and their level diversity in the 21st century is substantial. The health benefits fermented intensively investigated; identification bioactive peptides microbial metabolites that can positively affect has consolidated this interest. Each food typically hosts distinct population microorganisms. Once ingested, nutrients microorganisms from may survive to interact with gut microbiome, which now be resolved at species strain by metagenomics. Transient or long-term colonization strains impacts on indigenous microbes therefore determined. This review considers primary fermentation pathways involved, potential benefits, ability these foodstuffs impact microbiome once ingested either through compounds produced during process interactions are capable surviving gastro-intestinal transit. clearly shows both short long term, should considered an important element diet.

Language: Английский

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Elevated gut microbiome abundance of Christensenellaceae, Porphyromonadaceae and Rikenellaceae is associated with reduced visceral adipose tissue and healthier metabolic profile in Italian elderly

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Aging is accompanied by physiological changes affecting body composition and functionality, including accumulation of fat mass at the expense muscle mass, with effects upon morbidity quality life. The gut microbiome has recently emerged as a key environmental modifier human health that can modulate healthy aging possibly longevity. However, its associations adiposity in old age are still poorly understood. Here we profiled microbiota well-characterized cohort 201 Italian elderly subjects from NU-AGE study, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. We then tested for association dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), focus on visceral subcutaneous adipose tissue. Dietary patterns, serum metabolome other health-related parameters were also assessed. This study identified distinct compositional structures associated DXA parameters, diet, metabolic profiles cardio-metabolic risk factors.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Polyphenol, Gut Microbiota, and Health Benefits

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 1212 - 1212

Published: June 20, 2022

Polyphenols, which are probably the most important secondary metabolites produced by plants, have attracted tremendous attention due to their health-promoting effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-adipogenic, and neuro-protective activities, as well health properties. However, complicated structures high molecular weights, a large proportion of dietary polyphenols remain unabsorbed along gastrointestinal tract, while in intestine they biotransformed into bioactive, low-molecular-weight phenolic through residing gut microbiota. Dietary can modulate composition intestinal microbes, turn, microbes catabolize release bioactive metabolites. To better investigate benefits polyphenols, this review provides summary modulation vitro vivo evidence (animal models humans), possible actions barrier function microbes. This aims provide basis for understanding relationship between microbiota, host health.

Language: Английский

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‘Green’ nanotherapeutics from tea leaves for orally targeted prevention and alleviation of colon diseases

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 279, P. 121178 - 121178

Published: Oct. 8, 2021

Language: Английский

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Resveratrol reduces obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice via modulating the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 83 - 98

Published: April 16, 2020

Language: Английский

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