Where Chemocatalysis Meets Biocatalysis: In Water

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 123(9), P. 5262 - 5296

Published: Dec. 6, 2022

Chemoenzymatic catalysis, by definition, involves the merging of sequential reactions using both chemocatalysis and biocatalysis, typically in a single reaction vessel. A major challenge, solution to which, however, is associated with numerous advantages, run such one-pot processes water: majority enzyme-catalyzed take place water as Nature's medium, thus enabling broad synthetic diversity when due option use virtually all types enzymes. Furthermore, cheap, abundantly available, environmentally friendly, making it, principle, an ideal medium. On other hand, most routinely performed today organic solvents (which might deactivate enzymes), appearing make it difficult combine biocatalysis toward cascades water. Several creative approaches solutions that enable combinations chemo- be realized applied problems are presented herein, reflecting state-of-the-art this blossoming field. Coverage has been sectioned into three parts, after introductory remarks: (1) Chapter 2 focuses on historical developments initiated area research; (2) 3 describes key post-initial discoveries have advanced field; (3) 4 highlights latest achievements provide attractive main question compatibility between (used predominantly aqueous media) (that remains solvents), Chapters covering mainly literature from ca. 2018 present. 5 6 brief overview where field stands, challenges lie ahead, ultimately, prognosis looking future chemoenzymatic catalysis synthesis.

Language: Английский

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Expanding the Synthetic Toolbox through Metal–Enzyme Cascade Reactions

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(9), P. 5297 - 5346

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

The combination of metal-, photo-, enzyme-, and/or organocatalysis provides multiple synthetic solutions, especially when the creation chiral centers is involved. Historically, enzymes and transition metal species have been exploited simultaneously through dynamic kinetic resolutions racemates. However, more recently, linear cascades appeared as elegant solutions for preparation valuable organic molecules combining bioprocesses metal-catalyzed transformations. Many advantages are derived from this symbiosis, although there still bottlenecks to be addressed including successful coexistence both catalyst types, need compatible reaction media mild conditions, or minimization cross-reactivities. Therefore, here also provided by means coimmobilization, compartmentalization strategies, flow chemistry, etc. A comprehensive review presented focusing on period 2015 early 2022, which has divided into two main sections that comprise first use metals independent catalysts but working in an orchestral sequential manner, later their application bionanohybrid materials coimmobilization adequate supports. Each part classified different subheadings, based catalyzed catalyst, while development nonasymmetric stereoselective processes was considered section.

Language: Английский

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Introducing Savie: A Biodegradable Surfactant Enabling Chemo- and Biocatalysis and Related Reactions in Recyclable Water

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 145(7), P. 4266 - 4278

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Savie is a biodegradable surfactant derived from vitamin E and polysarcosine (PSar) developed for use in organic synthesis recyclable water. This includes homogeneous catalysis (including examples employing only ppm levels of catalyst), heterogeneous catalysis, biocatalytic transformations, including multistep chemoenzymatic sequence. Use frequently leads to significantly higher yields than do conventional surfactants, while obviating the need waste-generating solvents.

Language: Английский

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Contemporary Approaches for Amide Bond Formation

Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 365(24), P. 4359 - 4391

Published: Nov. 7, 2023

Abstract Amide bond construction has garnered significant interest in recent decades due to amides being one of the most prevalent functional groups among bioactive molecules. Out thirty‐seven new drugs approved by FDA 2022, eleven are small molecules containing at least amide bond. Additionally, there nineteen large as drugs, some which have peptide structures, and therefore, also bear bonds. In years, multiple teams embraced challenge developing more efficient methods for formation. This dedication led numerous publications appearing monthly prestigious journals, showcasing advancements this field. The primary goal review is present viable strategies constructing It crucial differentiate between formation synthesis; hence, focus on describing specific forming C(O)−N particular, concentrates developed within last six years. There a particular emphasis approaches that consider thought process when selecting starting materials groups. approach ensures coverage all common chemical transformations yield

Language: Английский

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Aqueous Micelles as Solvent, Ligand, and Reaction Promoter in Catalysis

JACS Au, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 301 - 317

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Water is considered to be the most sustainable and safest solvent. Micellar catalysis a significant contributor chemistry in water. It promotes pathways involving water-sensitive intermediates transient catalytic species under micelles' shielding effect while also replacing costly ligands dipolar-aprotic solvents. However, there lack of critical information about micellar catalysis. This includes why it works better than traditional organic solvents, specific rules differ from those conventional catalysis, how limitations can addressed future. Perspective aims highlight current gaps our understanding provide an analysis designer surfactants' origin essential components. will fundamental including aqueous micelles simultaneously perform multiple functions such as solvent, ligand, reaction promoter.

Language: Английский

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Ene‐Reductase: A Multifaceted Biocatalyst in Organic Synthesis

Chemistry - A European Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(21)

Published: Feb. 8, 2022

Abstract Biocatalysis integrate microbiologists, enzymologists, and organic chemists to access the repertoire of pharmaceutical agrochemicals with high chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, enantioselectivity. The saturation carbon‐carbon double bonds by biocatalysts challenges conventional chemical methodology as it bypasses use precious metals (in combination chiral ligands molecular hydrogen) or organocatalysts. In this line, Ene‐reductases (ERs) from Old Yellow Enzymes (OYEs) family are found be a prominent asymmetric biocatalyst that is increasingly used in academia industries towards unparalleled stereoselective trans ‐hydrogenations activated C=C bonds. ERs gained prominence they were individual catalysts, multi‐enzyme cascades, conjugation reagents (chemoenzymatic approach). Besides, ERs’ participation photoelectrochemical radical‐mediated process helps unlock many scopes outside traditional biocatalysis. These up‐and‐coming methodologies entice enzymologists explore, expand harness chemistries displayed for industrial settings. Herein, we reviewed last five year's exploration transformations using ERs.

Language: Английский

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Chemoenzymatic Cascades Combining Biocatalysis and Transition Metal Catalysis for Asymmetric Synthesis

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(18)

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Abstract The combination of catalytic methods provides multiple advantages in organic synthesis, allowing access to diverse molecules a straightforward manner. Merging metal and enzyme catalysis is currently receiving great attention due the possibility assemble C−C coupling, olefin metathesis, hydration other reactions with exquisite stereospecificity displayed by enzymes. Thus, this minireview organized based on action species (Pd, Ru, Au, Ir, Fe…) different Special will be paid design sequential processes concurrent cascades, presenting solutions such as use surfactants or compartmentalization strategies for those cases where incompatibilities could hamper overall process.

Language: Английский

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Aqueous micellar technology: an alternative beyond organic solvents

Chemical Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59(20), P. 2842 - 2853

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Solvents are the major source of chemical waste from synthetic chemistry labs.

Language: Английский

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Palladium-catalyzed micellar cross-couplings: An outlook

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 488, P. 215158 - 215158

Published: May 2, 2023

Language: Английский

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One-pot chemo- and photo-enzymatic linear cascade processes

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 53(15), P. 7875 - 7938

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This review explores linear cascade reactions by combining chemo-, photo- and biocatalysts for organic synthesis strategies to overcome incompatibility issues.

Language: Английский

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