Later circadian timing of food intake is associated with increased body fat

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 106(5), P. 1213 - 1219

Published: Sept. 7, 2017

Language: Английский

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Pancreatic β cell enhancers regulate rhythmic transcription of genes controlling insulin secretion

Science, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 350(6261)

Published: Nov. 5, 2015

The mammalian transcription factors CLOCK and BMAL1 are essential components of the molecular clock that coordinate behavior metabolism with solar cycle. Genetic or environmental perturbation circadian cycles contributes to metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes. To study impact cell-autonomous on pancreatic β cell function, we examined islets from mice either intact disrupted expression both throughout life limited adulthood. We found pronounced oscillation insulin secretion was synchronized genes encoding secretory machinery signaling regulate release. CLOCK/BMAL1 colocalized factor PDX1 within active enhancers distinct those controlling rhythmic gene networks in liver. also ablation adult caused severe glucose intolerance. Thus, type-specific underlie control peripheral may help explain its dysregulation

Language: Английский

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LEDs for photons, physiology and food

Nature, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 563(7732), P. 493 - 500

Published: Nov. 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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Circadian System and Glucose Metabolism: Implications for Physiology and Disease

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 27(5), P. 282 - 293

Published: April 11, 2016

Language: Английский

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Night Shift Work, Genetic Risk, and Type 2 Diabetes in the UK Biobank

Diabetes Care, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 41(4), P. 762 - 769

Published: Feb. 12, 2018

To examine the effects of past and current night shift work genetic type 2 diabetes vulnerability on odds.In UK Biobank, we examined associations (N = 272,214) lifetime 70,480) exposure with risk (6,770 1,191 prevalent cases, respectively). For 180,704 44,141 unrelated participants European ancestry (4,002 726 respectively) data, assessed whether modified relationship between a score (comprising 110 single-nucleotide polymorphisms) for diabetes.Compared day workers, all workers were at higher multivariable-adjusted odds (none or rare shifts: ratio [OR] 1.15 [95% CI 1.05-1.26]; some nights: OR 1.18 1.05-1.32]; usual 1.44 1.19-1.73]), except permanent (OR 1.09 0.93-1.27]). Considering person's schedule compared never working more shifts per month was associated (<3/month: 1.24 0.90-1.68]; 3-8/month: 1.11 0.90-1.37]; >8/month: 1.36 1.14-1.62]; Ptrend 0.001). The association predisposition not by exposure.Our findings show that work, especially rotating including shifts, is number worked appears most relevant odds. Also, does modify diabetes, novel finding warrants replication.

Language: Английский

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The role of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in obesity

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 82 - 97

Published: Oct. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Role of sleep and circadian disruption on energy expenditure and in metabolic predisposition to human obesity and metabolic disease

Obesity Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 18(S1), P. 15 - 24

Published: Feb. 1, 2017

Weight gain, obesity and diabetes have reached alarming levels in the developed world. Traditional risk factors such as over-eating, poor nutritional choices lack of exercise cannot fully account for high prevalence metabolic disease. This review paper examines scientific evidence on two novel that contribute to dys-regulated physiology: sleep disruption circadian misalignment. Specifically, fundamental relationships between energy metabolism rhythms impact physiology are examined. Millions individuals worldwide do not obtain sufficient healthy function, many participate shift work social activities at times when internal physiological clock is promoting sleep. These behaviours predispose an individual health by excess caloric intake response reduced sleep, food biological prepared, decreased expenditure wakefulness initiated incorrect times, disrupted glucose during short In addition traditional diet exercise, disturbed represent modifiable prevention treatment disease promotion metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Impact of circadian disruption on glucose metabolism: implications for type 2 diabetes

Diabetologia, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 63(3), P. 462 - 472

Published: Jan. 8, 2020

The circadian system generates endogenous rhythms of approximately 24 h, the synchronisation which are vital for healthy bodily function. timing many physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, coordinated by system, and disruptions that desynchronise or misalign these can result in adverse health outcomes. In this review, we cover role its disruption metabolism individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We begin defining then provide an overview regulation metabolism. next discuss impact on control diabetes. Given concurrent high prevalence disruption, understanding mechanisms underlying may aid improving glycaemic control.

Language: Английский

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Circadian disruption and human health

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 131(19)

Published: Sept. 30, 2021

Circadian disruption is pervasive and can occur at multiple organizational levels, contributing to poor health outcomes individual population levels. Evidence points a bidirectional relationship, in that circadian increases disease severity many diseases disrupt rhythms. Importantly, increase the risk for expression development of neurologic, psychiatric, cardiometabolic, immune disorders. Thus, harnessing rich findings from preclinical translational research biology enhance via circadian-based approaches represents unique opportunity personalized/precision medicine overall societal well-being. In this Review, we discuss implications human using bench-to-bedside approach. science applied clinical population-based Given broad regulation health, Review focuses its discussion on selected examples metabolic, cardiovascular, allergic, immunologic disorders highlight interrelatedness between potential interventions, such as bright light therapy exogenous melatonin, well chronotherapy improve and/or modify outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Effects of the Internal Circadian System and Circadian Misalignment on Glucose Tolerance in Chronic Shift Workers

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 101(3), P. 1066 - 1074

Published: Jan. 15, 2016

Shift work is a risk factor for diabetes. The separate effects of the endogenous circadian system and misalignment (ie, between central pacemaker 24-hour environmental/behavioral rhythms such as light/dark feeding/fasting cycles) on glucose tolerance in shift workers are unknown.The objective study was to test hypothesis that separately affect workers, both independently from behavioral cycle effects.A randomized, crossover with two 3-day laboratory visits.Center Clinical Investigation at Brigham Women's Hospital.Healthy chronic workers.The intervention included simulated night comprised 12-hour inverted environmental cycles (circadian misalignment) or day alignment).Postprandial insulin responses identical meals given 8:00 am pm protocols.Postprandial 6.5% higher than phase effect), independent (P = .0041). Circadian increased postprandial by 5.6%, .0042). These variations appeared be explained, least part, different mechanisms: during biological evening decreased pancreatic β-cell function (18% lower early late insulin; P ≤ .011) presumably sensitivity (elevated despite 10% .015) without change early-phase .38).Internal time affects workers. Separately, reduces providing mechanism help explain diabetes

Language: Английский

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