Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Illness in Infants in Low- and Middle-Income Regions During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic DOI Creative Commons

Samantha Fry,

Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit, Sridevi Pallem

et al.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Abstract Background Incidence data of respiratory syncytial virus–associated lower tract illness (RSV-LRTI) are sparse in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We estimated RSV-LRTI incidence rates (IRs) infants LMICs using World Health Organization case definitions. Methods This prospective cohort study, conducted 10 from May 2019 to October 2021 (largely overlapping with the coronavirus disease [COVID-19] pandemic), followed born women low-risk pregnancies for 1 year birth active passive surveillance detect potential LRTIs, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction on nasal swabs RSV. Results Among 2094 infants, 32 (1.5%) experienced an (8 during their first 6 months life, 24 thereafter). Seventeen (0.8%) had severe 168 (8.0%) all-cause LRTI. IRs (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) episode were 1.0 (.3–2.3), 0.8 (.3–1.5), 1.6 (1.1–2.2) per 100 person-years aged 0–2, 0–5, 0–11 months, respectively. CIs) LRTI 10.7 (8.1–14.0), 11.7 (9.6–14.0), 8.7 (7.5–10.2) person-years, varied by country (RSV-LRTI: 0.0–8.3, LRTI: 0.0–49.6 0- 11-month-olds). Conclusions this study relatively low, likely due reduced viral circulation caused COVID-19–related nonpharmaceutical interventions. Clinical Trials Registration NCT03614676.

Language: Английский

Travel vaccines—priorities determined by incidence and impact DOI
Robert Steffen, Lin H. Chen, Peter A. Leggat

et al.

Journal of Travel Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(7)

Published: June 19, 2023

Infectious disease epidemiology is continuously shifting. While travel has been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic and travel-related epidemiological research experienced a pause, further shifts in vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) relevant for travellers have occurred.

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Shifting patterns of acute otitis media and mastoiditis through COVID-19 Era: analysis of pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic dynamics DOI

Moriah Peyser-Rosenberg,

Ayalon Hadar,

Nitzan Sofer

et al.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) for Population Health and Health Inequalities DOI Open Access
Coilín ÓhAiseadha, Gerry A. Quinn, Ronan Connolly

et al.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(7), P. 5223 - 5223

Published: March 23, 2023

Since the start of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, governments around world have adopted an array measures intended to control transmission SARS-CoV-2 virus, using both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). NPIs are public health that do not rely on vaccines or medicines include policies such as lockdowns, stay-at-home orders, school closures, travel restrictions. Although intention was slow viral transmission, emerging research indicates these also had unintended consequences for other aspects health. Hence, we conducted a narrative review studies investigating NPIs, with particular emphasis mental lifestyle risk factors non-communicable diseases (NCD): physical activity (PA), overweight obesity, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking. We reviewed scientific literature combinations search terms ‘COVID-19′, ‘pandemic’, ‘lockdowns’, ‘mental health’, ‘physical activity’, ‘obesity’. were found considerable adverse health, activity, obesity. The impacts consumption varied greatly within between studies. variability different groups implies increased inequalities by age, sex/gender, socioeconomic status, pre-existing lifestyle, place residence. In conclusion, proper assessment use attempts spread should be weighed against potential Our findings relevance future preparedness response teams.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Mass immunisation to eradicate Japanese encephalitis: Real-world evidence from Guizhou Province in 2005–2021 DOI Creative Commons
Wan−Xue Zhang,

Suye Zhao,

Chunliu Pan

et al.

Journal of Virus Eradication, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 100366 - 100366

Published: March 1, 2024

To explore the epidemiological changes of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in a long-time span and evaluate impact mass vaccination. Data JE cases from hospitals county-level Centers for Disease Control Prevention Guizhou Province were collected between 2005 2021. The analyzed according to series policy implementation coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A total 5138 152 deaths reported during 2005–2021. average incidence case fatality rate 0.83/100,000 2.96%, respectively. prevalence demonstrated declining trend over years with reduced gap age groups narrowing high-epidemic regions. During COVID-19, activity reached its nadir 2020. inclusion Expanded Program on Immunization vaccine catch-up vaccinations showed significant effect decline JE. vaccination programs has played crucial role controlling spread Continued efforts should be made maintain high coverage strengthen surveillance systems, ensuring effective control eventual elimination altogether.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Increase in acute mastoiditis at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Eva Goldberg‐Bockhorn,

Clara Hurzlmeier,

Julius Vahl

et al.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 281(9), P. 4747 - 4756

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Purpose Common respiratory infections were significantly reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic due to general protective and hygiene measures. The gradual withdrawal of these non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) was associated with a notable increase in infections, particularly pediatric adult otorhinolaryngology. aim this retrospective monocentric study evaluate impact NPI on incidence severity acute mastoiditis (AM). Methods Pre-pandemic clinical data AM cases from 2011 2019 compared infection counts January 2020 June 2023 for seasonal periodicity, age-specific differences, pathogens, complication rates German third-level hospital. Results Out 196 patients 133 children, majority between 1 5 years age. Complications AM, such as meningitis, brain abscess, sinus vein thrombosis, more common adults (87%) than children (17%). Morbidity mortality similar before, after pandemic. Pneumococci most pathogen both age groups, post-pandemic cumulation Streptococcus pyogenes children. While pre-pandemic clustered spring, seasonality absent all groups main phase cessation caused steep rise starting December 2022. Conclusion AM. Their reversal led substantial period, which may be viral an insufficiently trained immune system.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and COVID-19 downgrade on non-COVID-19 respiratory diseases in Japan DOI Creative Commons
Satoko Yamaguchi, Akira Okada, Sachiko Ono

et al.

Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 243, P. 105719 - 105719

Published: April 14, 2025

A worldwide decrease in the incidence of respiratory diseases during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been reported, largely due to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). However, impact lifting NPIs remains unclear. In Japan, were lifted rather drastically when COVID-19 was downgraded on May 8, 2023. This study aimed evaluate and its downgrade non-COVID-19 using nationwide databases. Retrospective cohort study. Monthly hospitalisation prescription rates between January 2017 October 2023 collected from JMDC insurance claims database covering 16,485,812 insured individuals. The monthly mortality Japan an open data source published by Ministry Health, Labour Welfare Japan. Interrupted time series analyses seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average models performed. While for such as pneumonia, asthma, aspiration pneumonia decreased pandemic, a step increase hospitalisations these prescriptions anti-asthma drugs observed following downgrade. impacted all age groups; however, more pronounced children aged 0-5 years. Although no immediate increased immediately after downgrading COVID-19, presumably because older people less affected than children.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Time series analysis of the impact of air pollutants on influenza-like illness in Changchun, China DOI Creative Commons
Yang Pan,

Laishun Yao,

Biao Huang

et al.

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 18, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Epidemiological Shifts in Children Respiratory Pathogens in Shenzhen, China: A Comparative Analysis Before and After the Relaxation of COVID‐19 Non‐Pharmaceutical Interventions DOI Creative Commons
Heping Wang,

Yuping Guo,

Rongjun Wang

et al.

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background The COVID‐19 pandemic and associated non‐pharmaceutical interventions significantly altered the epidemiology of respiratory pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate changes in prevalence distribution pathogens among children with acute infections (ARIs) before after relaxation restrictions Shenzhen, China. Methods enrolled hospitalized ARIs Shenzhen Children's Hospital during epidemic those post‐epidemic period. Demographic data patients were retrieved from electronic patient dossiers. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected detected for 11 pathogens, epidemiological trends analyzed by age, season, pathogen distribution. Results A total 40,174 enrolled, including 14,816 25,358 admissions increased 71.2% median age rose 27 47 months. Pathogen detection rates 59.3% period 73.0% ( p < 0.001), co‐detection (≥ 2 pathogens) rising 10.5% 21.2%. dominant shifted HRV, RSV, HPIV MP, RSV post‐epidemic. Notably, MP surged 1.69% 20.87%, while peaks replaced HMPV winter. Conclusion led a significant rebound children, dominance co‐detection.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Unmasking the COVID-19 pandemic prevention gains: excess mortality reversal in 2022 DOI Creative Commons
Marcin Piotr Walkowiak, Jan Domaradzki, Dariusz Walkowiak

et al.

Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 223, P. 193 - 201

Published: Sept. 5, 2023

The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term effectiveness COVID-19 pandemic prevention measures in saving lives after European governments began lift restrictions.Excess mortality interrupted time series.Country-level weekly data on deaths were fitted Poisson mixed linear model estimate excess deaths. Based estimate, percentage above baseline during (week 11 2020 week 15 2022) (when public health interventions place) and post-pandemic period 16 2022 52 calculated. These results regression determine any potential relationship between these two periods.The used had high predictive value (adjusted R2 = 59.4%). Mortality endemic (post-pandemic) alone increased by 7.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.7, 8.6) baseline, while each increase corresponded a 0.357% reduction CI: 0.243, 0.471) period.The most successful countries terms protective also experienced highest rates restrictions lifted. clearly shows measure bidirectional displacement that is sufficiently clear mask impact long COVID overall mortality. Results from seriously previous cost-benefit analyses measures, since, according current model, 12.2% 8.3, 16.1) gains achieved containment lost

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Infectious diseases in Poland in 2021 DOI Open Access
Magdalena Rosińska,

Mirosław P Czarkowski,

Małgorzata Sadkowska-Todys

et al.

Przeglad Epidemiologiczny, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 77(4), P. 411 - 428

Published: May 20, 2024

This article aims at evaluating the epidemiological situation of infectious and parasitic diseases in Poland 2013.This was mainly based on statistical data derived from annual bulletins "Infectious poisonings 2013" "Vaccinations (NIPH-NIH, CSI, Warsaw 2014) specified particular articles chronicle current issue Epidemiological Review. Data fatal cases due to registered 2013 previous years were obtained Demographic Surveys Labour Market Department Central Statistical Office.As with years, upper respiratory tract infections classified as "influenza influenza-like illness" most prevalent a total number amounting 3,164,405 (8,218.7/100,000). Compared 1,460,037 (3,789.0/100,000) 2012 median 2007-2011, it an increase incidence by 116.9% 469.5%, respectively. In 2013, decreasing tendency bacterial intestinal sustained. Out infections, those caused coccobacilli Salmonella spp. still predominant. 7 578 (19.7/100,000) such reported. decrease 10.0% 21.9%, A 42 699 (110.9/100,000) viral this group, common rotaviruses--23,529 (61.1/100,000). Having referred 2012, decreased ca 0.6%, while comparison 5.5%. diarrhoea unspecified origin children under 2 old increased 28.4%. 2,183 pertussis (5.7/100,000) registered, which compared year indicated 53%. mumps 12.3% noted. year, there more than 5-fold rubella incidence. 6,263 (16.3/100,000), 2013--38,548 (100.1/100,000). Considerable resulted compensatory epidemic affected boys who not inoculated MMR vaccine. congenital rubella. 84 (0.22/100,000) measles invasive disease H. influenzae 25 (0.06/100,000). 30.5% 19.3%, The Streptococcus pneumoniae etiology amounted 540. 22.5% 95.3%, considered sepsis pathogen 32.9%. tuberculosis (all manifestations) 19.6/100,000 18.8, 18.2 17.8/100,000. 1,097 HIV (2.85/100,000) did change. total, 36 malaria notified infected abroad visiting endemic areas.

Language: Английский

Citations

3