Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity: Implications for Multi-Targeted Cancer Therapy

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 15 - 15

Published: Jan. 26, 2016

Cancer is a major disease worldwide. Despite progress in cancer therapy, conventional cytotoxic therapies lead to unsatisfactory long-term survival, mainly related development of drug resistance by tumor cells and toxicity towards normal cells. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA), can exert anti-neoplastic activity inducing apoptotic cell death human either alone or combination with therapies. Indeed, PUFAs potentially increase the sensitivity therapies, possibly improving their efficacy especially against cancers resistant treatment. Moreover, contrast traditional appear cause selective cytotoxicity little no on This review focuses studies investigating via apoptosis, analyzing molecular mechanisms underlying this effective activity. Here, we highlight multiple molecules targeted trigger apoptosis. analysis allow better comprehension potential therapeutic role cancer, providing specific information support design future pre-clinical clinical for use combinational therapy.

Language: Английский

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for oral nutritional intervention on nutritional and clinical outcomes during chemo(radio)therapy: current evidence and guidance for design of future trials

Annals of Oncology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 1141 - 1153

Published: April 16, 2018

Driven by reduced nutritional intakes and metabolic alterations, malnutrition in cancer patients adversely affects quality of life, treatment tolerance survival. We examined evidence for oral interventions during chemo(radio)therapy.We carried out a systematic review randomized controlled trials (RCT) with either dietary counseling (DC), high-energy supplements (ONS) aiming at improving or ONS enriched protein n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) additionally modulation cancer-related alterations. Meta-analyses were on body weight (BW) response to interventions, subgroup analyses DC and/or high-protein PUFA-enriched ONS.Eleven studies identified. Meta-analysis showed overall benefit BW chemo(radio)therapy (+1.31 kg, 95% CI 0.24-2.38, P = 0.02, heterogeneity Q 21.1, 0.007). Subgroup analysis no effect (+0.80 -1.14 2.74, 0.32; 10.5, 0.03), possibly due limited compliance falling short intake goals. A significant was observed intervention compared isocaloric controls (+1.89 0.51-3.27, 0.02; 3.1 0.37). High-protein, attenuation lean mass loss (N 2 studies) improvement some life domains 3 studies). Overall, number, heterogeneous, inadequately powered show effects toxicity survival.This suggests an positive BW. driven ONS, suggesting the targeting less effective, likely cumulative caloric deficits despite interventions. highlight need provide recommendations well-designed RCT determine clinical outcomes, specific focus reaching goals providing right nutrients, as part integral supportive care approach.

Language: Английский

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Influence of emulsifier type on the in vitro digestion of fish oil-in-water emulsions in the presence of an anionic marine polysaccharide (fucoidan): Caseinate, whey protein, lecithin, or Tween 80

Food Hydrocolloids, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 92 - 101

Published: May 3, 2016

Language: Английский

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Cosmetic and Therapeutic Applications of Fish Oil’s Fatty Acids on the Skin

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 256 - 256

Published: July 30, 2018

Fish oil has been broadly reported as a potential supplement to ameliorate the severity of some skin disorders such photoaging, cancer, allergy, dermatitis, cutaneous wounds, and melanogenesis. There increasing interest in relationship fish with protection homeostasis, especially respect omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA). The other PUFAs, α-linolenic (ALA) linoleic (LA), also show beneficial effect on skin. major mechanisms PUFAs for attenuating inflammation are competition inflammatory arachidonic inhibition proinflammatory eicosanoid production. On hand, can be regulators that affect synthesis activity cytokines promoting wound healing. A systemic review was conducted demonstrate association between supplementation benefits following describes different cosmetic therapeutic approaches using derived from oil, ALA, LA, DHA, EPA. This summarizes application related cell-based, animal-based, clinical models. research data relating treatment suggest way forward generating advances dermatological uses.

Language: Английский

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Expert Opinion on Benefits of Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids (DHA and EPA) in Aging and Clinical Nutrition

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 2555 - 2555

Published: Aug. 24, 2020

Life expectancy is increasing and so the prevalence of age-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Consequently, older people patients present with multi-morbidities more complex needs, putting significant pressure on healthcare systems. Effective nutrition interventions could be an important tool to address patient improve clinical outcomes reduce costs. Inflammation plays a central role in NCDs, targeting it relevant disease prevention treatment. The long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 LCPUFAs) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) eicosapentaenoic (EPA) are known inflammation promote its resolution, suggesting beneficial various therapeutic areas. An expert group reviewed data LCPUFAs specific populations medical conditions. Evidence for benefits cognitive health, age- disease-related decline muscle mass, cancer treatment, surgical critical illness was identified. Use DHA EPA some conditions already included guidelines. However, note that effects still inconsistent many areas (e.g., decline) due range factors vary amongst trials performed date; these include dose, timing duration; baseline LCPUFA status; intake other nutrients. Well-designed intervention studies required optimize develop personalized strategies their use.

Language: Английский

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Camelina, an ancient oilseed crop actively contributing to the rural renaissance in Europe. A review

Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2021

Abstract Promoting crop diversification in European agriculture is a key pillar of the agroecological transition. Diversifying crops generally enhances productivity, quality, soil health and fertility, resilience to pests diseases reduces environmental stresses. Moreover, provides an alternative means enhancing farmers’ income. Camelina ( sativa (L.) Crantz) reemerged background approximately three decades ago, when first studies on this ancient native oilseed species were published. Since then, considerable number has been carried out Europe. The main interest camelina related its (1) broad adaptability, (2) low-input requirements, (3) resistance multiple diseases, (4) uses food, feed, biobased applications. present article comprehensive critical review research Europe (compared with rest world) last decades, including genetics breeding, agronomy cropping systems, end-uses, aim making attractive new candidate for farming systems. Furthermore, evaluation what still missing scale up from promising commonly cultivated also provided motivate scientists promote their show farmers end-users real potential interesting species.

Language: Английский

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Hypoxia signaling pathways: modulators of oxygen-related organelles

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Jan. 1, 2015

Oxygen (O2) is an essential substrate in cellular metabolism, bioenergetics, and signaling as such linked to the survival normal function of all metazoans. Low O2 tension (hypoxia) a fundamental feature physiological processes well pathophysiological conditions cancer ischemic diseases. Central molecular mechanisms underlying homeostasis are hypoxia-inducible factors-1 -2 alpha (HIF-1a EPAS1/HIF-2a) that master regulators adaptive response hypoxia. HIF-induced genes promote characteristic tumor behaviors, including angiogenesis metabolic reprogramming. The aim this review critically explore current knowledge how HIF-a regulates abundance major O2-consuming organelles. Abundant evidence suggests key roles for HIF-1a regulation mitochondrial homeostasis. An adaptation sustained hypoxia repression respiration induction glycolysis. activates several trigger mitophagy represses biogenesis. Several lines point strong relationship between hypoxia, accumulation misfolded proteins endoplasmic reticulum, activation unfolded protein response. Surprisingly, although peroxisomes depend highly on their function, there has been no linking HIF peroxisomes. We discuss our recent findings establish HIF-2a negative regulator peroxisome suggest mechanism by which cells attune peroxisomal with availability. augments turnover pexophagy thereby changes lipid composition reminiscent disorders. potential might place special emphasis pathological implications HIF-2a-mediated human health.

Language: Английский

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A nutritionally-enhanced oil from transgenic Camelina sativa effectively replaces fish oil as a source of eicosapentaenoic acid for fish

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Jan. 29, 2015

For humans a daily intake of up to 500 mg omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) is recommended, amounting an annual requirement 1.25 million metric tonnes (mt) for population 7 billion people. The global supply n-3 LC-PUFA cannot meet this level and so there large gap between demand. dietary source LC-PUFA, fish seafood, increasingly provided by aquaculture but using oil in feeds unsustainable. Therefore, new sources are required the demand from direct human consumption. One approach metabolically engineering oilseed crops synthesize seeds. Transgenic Camelina sativa expressing algal genes was used produce containing replace salmon feeds. had no detrimental effects on performance, metabolic responses or nutritional quality fillets farmed fish.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of a high-EPA oil from transgenic Camelina sativa in feeds for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Effects on tissue fatty acid composition, histology and gene expression

Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 444, P. 1 - 12

Published: March 31, 2015

Currently, one alternative for dietary fish oil (FO) in aquafeeds is vegetable oils (VO) that are devoid of omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). Entirely new sources n-3 LC-PUFA such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) through de novo production a potential solution to fill the gap between supply demand these important nutrients. Camelina sativa was metabolically engineered produce seed (ECO) with > 20% EPA its substitute FO Atlantic salmon feeds tested. Fish were fed three experimental diets containing FO, wild-type camelina (WCO) or ECO sole lipid 7 weeks. Inclusion did not affect any performance parameters studied enhanced apparent digestibility individual n-6 PUFA compared WCO. High levels maintained brain, liver intestine (pyloric caeca), DPA DHA increased WCO likely due biosynthesis based on up-regulation genes. showed slight accumulation within hepatocytes similar WCO, although significantly different FO. The regulation small number genes could be attributed specific effect (311 features) metabolism being most affected category. from transgenic used however it hybrid both VO (18:2n-6) acid signatures resulted similarly mixed metabolic physiological responses.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional counseling with or without systematic use of oral nutritional supplements in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy

Radiotherapy and Oncology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 126(1), P. 81 - 88

Published: Oct. 27, 2017

Language: Английский

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