Mechanisms of spermidine-induced autophagy and geroprotection

Nature Aging, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(12), P. 1112 - 1129

Published: Dec. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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Dietary regulation in health and disease

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 23, 2022

Nutriments have been deemed to impact all physiopathologic processes. Recent evidences in molecular medicine and clinical trials demonstrated that adequate nutrition treatments are the golden criterion for extending healthspan delaying ageing various species such as yeast, drosophila, rodent, primate human. It emerges develop precision-nutrition therapeutics slow age-related biological processes treat diverse diseases. However, nutritive advantages frequently diversify among individuals well organs tissues, which brings challenges this field. In review, we summarize different forms of dietary interventions extensively prescribed improvement disease treatment pre-clinical or clinical. We discuss nutrient-mediated mechanisms including metabolic regulators, metabolism pathways, epigenetic circadian clocks. Comparably, describe diet-responsive effectors by influence endocrinic, immunological, microbial neural states responsible improving health preventing multiple diseases humans. Furthermore, expatiate patterns dietotheroapies, fasting, calorie-restricted diet, ketogenic high-fibre plants-based protein restriction diet with specific reduction amino acids microelements, potentially affecting morbid states. Altogether, emphasize profound nutritional therapy, highlight crosstalk explored critical factors individualized therapeutic approaches predictors.

Language: Английский

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An Epigenetic Role of Mitochondria in Cancer

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(16), P. 2518 - 2518

Published: Aug. 13, 2022

Mitochondria are not only the main energy supplier but also cell metabolic center regulating multiple key metaborates that play pivotal roles in epigenetics regulation. These metabolites include acetyl-CoA, α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), NAD+, and O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), which substrates for DNA methylation histone post-translation modifications, essential gene transcriptional regulation fate determination. Tumorigenesis is attributed to many factors, including mutations tumor microenvironment. initiation, evolution, metastasis, recurrence. Targeting mitochondrial metabolism promising therapeutic strategies treatment. In this review, we summarize of mitochondria required modification discuss current strategy cancer therapies via targeting epigenetic modifiers related enzymes This review an important contribution understanding metabolic-epigenetic-tumorigenesis concept.

Language: Английский

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Brain energy metabolism: A roadmap for future research

Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 168(5), P. 910 - 954

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Although we have learned much about how the brain fuels its functions over last decades, there remains still to discover in an organ that is so complex. This article lays out major gaps our knowledge of interrelationships between metabolism and function, including biochemical, cellular, subcellular aspects functional imaging adult brain, as well during development, aging, disease. The focus on unknowns substrates associated transporters, roles insulin lipid droplets, emerging role microglia, mysteries cofactor signaling molecule NAD

Language: Английский

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Oxidative-Stress-Mediated Epigenetic Dysregulation in Spermatogenesis: Implications for Male Infertility and Offspring Health

Genes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 93 - 93

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Male reproductive health is governed by an intricate interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Epigenetic mechanisms—encompassing DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNA activity—are crucial both for spermatogenesis sperm maturation. However, oxidative stress, driven excessive reactive oxygen species, disrupts these processes, leading to impaired function male infertility. This disruption extends epigenetic resulting in abnormal gene expression chromatin remodeling that compromise genomic integrity fertilization potential. Importantly, oxidative-stress-induced alterations can be inherited, affecting the fertility offspring future generations. review investigates how stress influences regulation reproduction modifying RNAs, ultimately compromising spermatogenesis. Additionally, it discusses transgenerational implications disruptions their potential role hereditary infertility disease predisposition. Understanding mechanisms vital developing therapeutic strategies mitigate damage restore homeostasis germline. By integrating insights from molecular, clinical, research, this work emphasizes need targeted interventions enhance prevent adverse outcomes progeny. Furthermore, elucidating dose–response relationships between changes remains a critical research priority, informing personalized diagnostics interventions. In context, studies should adopt standardized markers damage, robust clinical trials, multi-omic approaches capture complexity Such rigorous investigations will reduce risk disorders optimize outcomes.

Language: Английский

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S‐adenosylmethionine: A metabolite critical to the regulation of autophagy

Cell Proliferation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 53(11)

Published: Oct. 8, 2020

Autophagy is a mechanism that enables cells to maintain cellular homeostasis by removing damaged materials and mobilizing energy reserves in conditions of starvation. Although nutrient availability strongly impacts the process autophagy, specific metabolites regulate autophagic responses have not yet been determined. Recent results indicate S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) represents critical inhibitor methionine starvation–induced autophagy. SAM primarily involved four key metabolic pathways: transmethylation, transsulphuration, polyamine synthesis 5′-deoxyadenosyl 5′-radical–mediated biochemical transformations. sole methyl group donor methylation DNA, RNA histones, modulating mediating epigenetic effects. Moreover, SAM, such as homocysteine, glutathione, decarboxylated spermidine, also exert important influences on regulation From our perspective, nuclear-cytosolic conserved connects status In future, might be new target autophagy regulators widely used treatment various diseases.

Language: Английский

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Taurine Supplementation as a Neuroprotective Strategy upon Brain Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1292 - 1292

Published: March 18, 2022

Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and their associated comorbidities impact brain metabolism function constitute risk factors for cognitive impairment. Alterations to taurine homeostasis can a number of biological processes, such as osmolarity control, calcium homeostasis, inhibitory neurotransmission, have been reported in both metabolic neurodegenerative disorders. Models disorders show reduced concentrations. On the other hand, models insulin-dependent insulin resistance, diet-induced obesity display accumulation hippocampus. Given possible cytoprotective actions taurine, cerebral might compensatory mechanism that attempts prevent neurodegeneration. The present article provides an overview reviews mechanisms by which afford neuroprotection individuals with diabetes. We conclude further research is needed understanding on function.

Language: Английский

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Gluconeogenic enzyme PCK1 supports S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis and promotes H3K9me3 modification to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma progression

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 133(13)

Published: May 11, 2023

Deciphering the crosstalk between metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic regulation is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. In this study, we discovered that gluconeogenic enzyme PCK1 fueled generation of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) through serine synthesis pathway. The methyltransferase SUV39H1 catalyzed SAM, which served as methyl donor to support H3K9me3 modification, leading suppression oncogene S100A11. Mechanistically, deficiency-induced oncogenic activation S100A11 was due its interaction with AKT1, upregulated PI3K/AKT signaling. Intriguingly, progression hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) driven by deficiency suppressed SAM supplement or knockout in vivo vitro. These findings reveal availability key metabolite bridge connecting H3K9 trimethylation attenuating HCC progression, thus suggesting potential therapeutic against HCC.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial homeostasis: shaping health and disease

Current Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: April 15, 2024

Abstract Mitochondria serve as the primary site for metabolizing three major nutrients, underscoring their pivotal role in cellular energy metabolism and regulation of signaling pathways. Mitochondrial homeostatic imbalance is a key pathological cause development many diseases. Hence, preserving mitochondrial homeostasis vital normal growth cells organisms. Living organisms have evolved intricate regulatory mechanisms to ensure homeostasis. This review focuses on recent advancements comprehending responsible maintaining addresses current challenges this field. We also provide an overview functions mitochondria both physiological conditions. Emphasizing potential therapeutic implications, we discuss strategies homeostasis, recognizing its significance mitigating various health Graphical

Language: Английский

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B vitamin supply in plants and humans: the importance of vitamer homeostasis

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 111(3), P. 662 - 682

Published: June 8, 2022

SUMMARY B vitamins are a group of water‐soluble micronutrients that required in all life forms. With the lack biosynthetic pathways, humans depend on dietary uptake these compounds, either directly or indirectly, from plant sources. frequently given little consideration beyond their role as enzyme accessory factors and assumed not to limit metabolism. However, it should be recognized each individual vitamin is family compounds (vitamers), regulation which has dedicated pathways. Moreover, becoming increasingly evident members have physiological relevance sidelined. Here, we elaborate known forms 1 , 6 9 distinct functions importance metabolism, both human health, highlight vitamer homeostasis. Research metabolism over past several years indicates only total level but also oft‐neglected homeostasis various vitamers essential health. We briefly discuss potential biology studies supporting health regarding micronutrients. Based findings few conclude research focus significance – at organ, tissue subcellular levels could improve plants, benefiting cross‐disciplinary approaches novel technologies.

Language: Английский

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