Bile Acid Metabolism and Signaling

Comprehensive physiology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1191 - 1212

Published: July 1, 2013

Bile acids are important physiological agents for intestinal nutrient absorption and biliary secretion of lipids, toxic metabolites, xenobiotics. also signaling molecules metabolic regulators that activate nuclear receptors G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) to regulate hepatic lipid, glucose, energy homeostasis maintain homeostasis. Conversion cholesterol bile is critical maintaining preventing accumulation cholesterol, triglycerides, injury in the liver other organs. Enterohepatic circulation from intestine back plays a central role distribution, regulation This process regulated by complex membrane transport system receptors. Toxic may cause inflammation, apoptosis, cell death. On hand, acid-activated GPCR protects against inflammation liver, intestine, macrophages. Disorders acid metabolism cholestatic diseases, dyslipidemia, fatty cardiovascular diabetes. acids, derivatives, sequestrants therapeutic treating chronic obesity, diabetes humans. © 2013 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 3:1191-1212, 2013.

Language: Английский

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The role of hepatic lipids in hepatic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

Nature, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 510(7503), P. 84 - 91

Published: June 1, 2014

Language: Английский

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FAT SIGNALS - Lipases and Lipolysis in Lipid Metabolism and Signaling

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 279 - 291

Published: March 1, 2012

Lipolysis is defined as the catabolism of triacylglycerols stored in cellular lipid droplets. Recent discoveries essential lipolytic enzymes and characterization numerous regulatory proteins mechanisms have fundamentally changed our perception lipolysis its impact on metabolism. New findings that products intermediates participate signaling processes "lipolytic signaling" particularly important many nonadipose tissues unveil a previously underappreciated aspect lipolysis, which may be relevant for human disease.

Language: Английский

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Adiponectin, Leptin, and Fatty Acids in the Maintenance of Metabolic Homeostasis through Adipose Tissue Crosstalk

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 770 - 784

Published: May 1, 2016

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of hepatic triglyceride accumulation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 48(4), P. 434 - 441

Published: Feb. 9, 2013

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation in the absence of excess alcohol intake. NAFLD most common chronic disease, and ongoing research efforts are focused on understanding underlying pathobiology steatosis with anticipation that these will identify novel therapeutic targets. Under physiological conditions, low steady-state triglyceride concentrations attributable to a precise balance between acquisition uptake non-esterified acids from plasma de novo lipogenesis, versus disposal acid oxidation secretion triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. In patients, insulin resistance leads multiple mechanisms. Greater rates increased release an expanded mass adipose tissue as consequence diminished responsiveness. Hyperinsulinemia promotes transcriptional upregulation genes promote lipogenesis liver. Increased not offset or This review discusses molecular mechanisms which homeostasis achieved under normal well metabolic alterations occur setting contribute pathogenesis NAFLD.

Language: Английский

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Bile Acid Signaling in Metabolic Disease and Drug Therapy

Pharmacological Reviews, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 66(4), P. 948 - 983

Published: July 29, 2014

Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism. Hepatic bile acid synthesis accounts for a major fraction daily turnover in humans. Biliary secretion generates flow and facilitates hepatobiliary lipids, lipophilic metabolites, xenobiotics. In intestine, essential absorption, transport, metabolism dietary fats lipid-soluble vitamins. Extensive research last 2 decades has unveiled new functions as signaling molecules metabolic integrators. The acid-activated nuclear receptors farnesoid X receptor, pregnane constitutive androstane vitamin D G protein-coupled receptor play critical roles regulation lipid, glucose, energy metabolism, inflammation, drug detoxification. exhibits strong diurnal rhythm, which is entrained by fasting refeeding well nutrient status plays an important role maintaining homeostasis. Recent revealed interaction liver gut microbiota metabolism. Circadian disturbance altered contribute to pathogenesis diseases, inflammatory bowel nonalcoholic fatty disease, diabetes, obesity. their derivatives potential therapeutic agents treating diseases liver.

Language: Английский

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The vagus nerve and the inflammatory reflex—linking immunity and metabolism

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 8(12), P. 743 - 754

Published: Nov. 21, 2012

Language: Английский

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Cell Death and Cell Death Responses in Liver Disease: Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 147(4), P. 765 - 783.e4

Published: July 18, 2014

Language: Английский

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic insulin resistance, and type 2 Diabetes

Hepatology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 59(2), P. 713 - 723

Published: Aug. 8, 2013

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatic insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes are all strongly associated reaching epidemic proportions. Whether there is a causal link between NAFLD resistance controversial. This review will discuss recent studies in both humans animal models of that have implicated increases diacylglycerol (DAG) content leading to activation novel protein kinase Cϵ (PKCϵ) resulting decreased signaling the pathogenesis NAFLD-associated diabetes. The DAG-PKCϵ hypothesis can explain occurrence observed most cases with obesity, lipodystrophy,

Language: Английский

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Lipid metabolism reprogramming and its potential targets in cancer

Cancer Communications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 1 - 14

Published: May 21, 2018

Abstract Reprogramming of lipid metabolism is a newly recognized hallmark malignancy. Increased uptake, storage and lipogenesis occur in variety cancers contribute to rapid tumor growth. Lipids constitute the basic structure membranes also function as signaling molecules energy sources. Sterol regulatory element‐binding proteins (SREBPs), family membrane‐bound transcription factors endoplasmic reticulum, play central role regulation metabolism. Recent studies have revealed that SREBPs are highly up‐regulated various promote SREBP cleavage‐activating protein key transporter trafficking activation well critical glucose sensor, thus linking de novo synthesis. Targeting altered metabolic pathways has become promising anti‐cancer strategy. This review summarizes recent progress our understanding malignancy, highlights potential molecular targets their inhibitors for cancer treatment.

Language: Английский

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