Individual differences in behaviour explain variation in survival: a meta‐analysis

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 399 - 408

Published: Dec. 6, 2019

Abstract Research focusing on among‐individual differences in behaviour (‘animal personality’) has been blooming for over a decade. Central theories explaining the maintenance of such behavioural variation posits that individuals expressing greater “risky” behaviours should suffer higher mortality. Here, first time, we synthesize existing empirical evidence this key prediction. Our results did not support prediction as there was no directional relationship between riskier and mortality; however significant absolute survival. In total, explained significant, but small, portion (5.8%) variance We also found risky (vs. “shy”) types live significantly longer wild, laboratory. This suggests might be overall quality lack predation pressure resource restrictions mask effect laboratory environments. work demonstrates individual explain important survival direction predicted by theory. Importantly, models predicting to mediator reproduction‐survival trade‐offs may need revision and/or empiricists reconsider their proxies when testing

Language: Английский

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Linking a mutation to survival in wild mice

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 363(6426), P. 499 - 504

Published: Feb. 1, 2019

How natural selection affects mouse coat color Evolution, at its core, involves changes in the frequency of alleles subject to selection. But identifying target can be difficult. Barrett et al. investigated how allele frequencies affecting pigmentation change over time (see Perspective by Pelletier). Wild-caught mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus ) were exposed avian predators against naturally occurring dark or light backgrounds. Natural yielded shifts coloration owing genetic variants Agouti gene. Science , this issue p. 499 ; see also 452

Language: Английский

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Behavioural plasticity is associated with reduced extinction risk in birds

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(6), P. 788 - 793

Published: April 6, 2020

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary Patterns in Sound Production across Fishes

Ichthyology & Herpetology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2022

Sound production by fishes has been recognized for millennia, but is typically regarded as comparatively rare and thus yet to be integrated into broader concepts of vertebrate evolution. We map the most comprehensive dataset sound assembled onto a family-level phylogeny ray-finned (Actinopterygii), clade containing more than 34,000 extant species. Family-, rather species-, level analyses allowed broad investigation mostly based on illustrations acoustic recordings morphological specializations (82%) strongly indicative along with qualitative descriptions (18%), conservative estimate distribution ancestry character that likely widespread currently known. Compilation sonic-related characters shows 60 families exhibiting muscles coupled swim bladder vibration 39 employ movement skeletal parts against each other, i.e., stridulation. Eighteen these families, catfishes (13), include individual species both mechanisms. The results show soniferous contain nearly two-thirds actinopterygian species, including originating circa 155 Ma, independently evolved approximately 33 times within Actinopterygii. Despite uncertainties presence-only data records incomplete evidence absence, under-sampling assuming conservation production, sensitivity patterns shared are robust. In aggregate, findings offer new perspective convergent evolution among actinopterygians, representing half

Language: Английский

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Long-term studies provide unique insights into evolution

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 639(8055), P. 589 - 601

Published: March 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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From low to high gear: there has been a paradigm shift in our understanding of evolution

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 233 - 244

Published: Nov. 26, 2018

Abstract Experimental studies of evolution performed in nature and the associated demonstration rapid evolution, observable on a time scale months to years, were an acclaimed novelty 1980–1990s. Contemporary is now considered ordinary integrated feature many areas research. This shift from extraordinary reflects change perception evolution. It was formerly thought as historical process, perceived through footprints left fossil record or living organisms. seen contemporary process that acts real time. Here we review how this occurred its consequences for fields diverse wildlife management, conservation biology, ecosystems ecology. Incorporating these has caused old questions be recast, changed answers, new previously inconceivable addressed, inspired development subdisciplines. We argue further potential yet fulfilled. evolutionary dynamics any research program can provide better assessment why organisms communities came they are than attainable without explicit treatment dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Predator–Prey Interactions in the Anthropocene: Reconciling Multiple Aspects of Novelty

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(7), P. 616 - 627

Published: March 19, 2019

Language: Английский

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Land‐use change and the ecological consequences of personality in small mammals

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 1387 - 1395

Published: June 17, 2019

Many plants rely on animals for seed dispersal, but are all individuals equally effective at dispersing seeds? If not, then the loss of certain individual dispersers from populations could have cascade effects ecosystems. Despite importance dispersal forest ecosystems, variation among and whether land-use change interferes with this process remains untested. Through a large-scale field experiment conducted small mammal dispersers, we show that an individual's personality affects its choice seeds, as well how distant where seeds cached. We also anthropogenic habitat modifications shift distribution personalities within population, by increasing proportion bold, active, anxious in-turn affecting potential survival seeds. demonstrate preserving diverse types population is critical maintaining key ecosystem function dispersal.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Animal Cognition in Human-Wildlife Interactions

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Nov. 4, 2020

Humans have a profound effect on the planet's ecosystems, and unprecedented rates of human population growth urbanization brought wild animals into increasing contact with people. For many species, appropriate responses toward humans are likely to be critical survival reproductive success. Although numerous studies investigated impacts activity biodiversity species distributions, relatively few examined effects behavioral during human-wildlife encounters, cognitive processes underpinning those responses. Furthermore, while often present significant threat animals, presence or behavior people may also associated benefits, such as food rewards. In scenarios where vary in their behavior, would expected benefit from ability discriminate between dangerous, neutral rewarding Additionally, individual differences phenotypes past experiences affect animals' exploit human-dominated environments respond appropriately cues. this review, we examine cues that use modulate humans, facial features gaze direction. We discuss when attend certain cues, how information is used, mechanisms involved. consider abilities under selection by therefore influence community composition. conclude highlighting need for long-term free-living, fully understand causes ecological consequences variation The wildlife substantial, detailed understanding these key implementing effective conservation strategies managing conflict.

Language: Английский

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Integrating Hunger with Rival Motivations

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 31(7), P. 495 - 507

Published: May 6, 2020

Language: Английский

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