Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
88(1)
Published: Jan. 11, 2024
SUMMARY
Human
milk
oligosaccharides
(HMOs)
are
complex,
multi-functional
glycans
present
in
human
breast
milk.
They
represent
an
intricate
mix
of
heterogeneous
structures
which
reach
the
infant
intestine
intact
form
as
they
resist
gastrointestinal
digestion.
Therefore,
confer
a
multitude
benefits,
directly
and/or
indirectly,
to
developing
neonate.
Certain
bifidobacterial
species,
being
among
earliest
gut
colonizers
breast-fed
infants,
have
adapted
functional
capacity
metabolize
various
HMO
structures.
This
ability
is
typically
observed
infant-associated
bifidobacteria,
opposed
bifidobacteria
associated
with
mature
microbiota.
In
recent
years,
information
has
been
gleaned
regarding
how
these
well
certain
other
taxa
able
assimilate
HMOs,
including
mechanistic
strategies
enabling
their
acquisition
and
consumption.
Additionally,
complex
metabolic
interactions
occur
between
microbes
facilitated
by
utilization
breakdown
products
released
from
degradation.
Interest
HMO-mediated
changes
microbial
composition
function
focal
point
numerous
studies,
times
fueled
availability
individual
biosynthetic
some
now
commonly
included
formula.
this
review,
we
outline
main
assimilatory
catabolic
employed
discuss
that
exhibit
glycan
degradation
capacity,
cover
HMO-supported
cross-feeding
related
metabolites
described
thus
far.
Journal of Biological Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
299(3), P. 102989 - 102989
Published: Feb. 8, 2023
The
human
gastrointestinal
(GI)
tract
harbors
diverse
microbial
communities
collectively
known
as
the
gut
microbiota
that
exert
a
profound
impact
on
health
and
disease.
repartition
availability
of
sialic
acid
derivatives
in
have
significant
modulation
microbes
host
susceptibility
to
infection
inflammation.
Although
N-acetylneuraminic
(Neu5Ac)
is
main
form
acids
humans,
family
regroups
more
than
50
structurally
chemically
distinct
modified
derivatives.
In
GI
tract,
are
found
terminal
location
mucin
glycan
chains
constituting
mucus
layer
also
come
from
milk
oligosaccharides
infant
or
meat-based
foods
adults.
influences
composition
pathogen
colonization.
this
review,
we
provide
an
update
mechanisms
underpinning
utilization
by
microbes,
focusing
sialidases,
transporters,
metabolic
enzymes.
Correction:
Biochemical
structural
basis
microbesJournal
Biological
ChemistryVol.
299Issue
4PreviewIn
JBC
Reviews
article
entitled
"Biochemical
microbes"
arrows
Figure
6
should
be
adjusted.
correct
provided
below.
Full-Text
PDF
Open
Access
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: June 15, 2023
The
prevalence
of
type
2
diabetes
(T2D)
is
increasing
worldwide,
with
many
patients
developing
long-term
complications
that
affect
their
cardiovascular,
urinary,
alimentary,
and
other
systems.
A
growing
body
literature
has
reported
the
crucial
role
gut
microbiota
in
metabolic
diseases,
one
which,
Akkermansia
muciniphila,
considered
“next-generation
probiotic”
for
alleviating
disorders
inflammatory
response.
Although
extensive
research
been
conducted
on
A.
muciniphila
,
none
summarized
its
regulation
T2D.
Hence,
this
review
provides
an
overview
effects
multifaceted
mechanisms
T2D
related
including
improving
metabolism,
inflammation,
enhancing
intestinal
barrier
function,
maintaining
homeostasis.
Furthermore,
summarizes
dietary
strategies
abundance
effective
gastrointestinal
delivery.
EMBO Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(8)
Published: June 6, 2023
Abstract
In
early
life,
the
intestinal
mucosa
and
immune
system
undergo
a
critical
developmental
process
to
contain
expanding
gut
microbiome
while
promoting
tolerance
toward
commensals,
yet
influence
of
maternal
diet
microbial
composition
on
offspring
maturation
remains
poorly
understood.
We
colonized
germ‐free
mice
with
consortium
14
strains,
fed
them
standard
fiber‐rich
chow
or
fiber‐free
diet,
then
longitudinally
assessed
development
during
weaning
period.
Unlike
pups
born
dams
fiber‐deprived
demonstrated
delayed
colonization
Akkermansia
muciniphila
,
mucin‐foraging
bacterium
that
can
also
use
milk
oligosaccharides.
The
exhibited
an
enrichment
colonic
transcripts
corresponding
defense
response
pathways
peak
in
Il22
expression
at
weaning.
Removal
A
.
from
community,
but
maintenance
was
associated
reduced
proportions
RORγt‐positive
innate
adaptive
cell
subsets.
Our
results
highlight
potent
dietary
fiber
intake
discrete
changes
postnatal
assemblage
development.
FEMS Microbiology Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
47(6)
Published: Oct. 4, 2023
Abstract
A
number
of
bacterial
species
are
found
in
high
abundance
the
faeces
healthy
breast-fed
infants,
an
occurrence
that
is
understood
to
be,
at
least
part,
due
ability
these
bacteria
metabolize
human
milk
oligosaccharides
(HMOs).
HMOs
third
most
abundant
component
after
lactose
and
lipids,
represent
complex
sugars
which
possess
unique
structural
diversity
resistant
infant
gastrointestinal
digestion.
Thus,
reach
distal
intestine
intact,
thereby
serving
as
a
fermentable
substrate
for
specific
intestinal
microbes,
including
Firmicutes,
Proteobacteria,
especially
infant-associated
Bifidobacterium
spp.
help
shape
gut
microbiome.
Bacteria
utilising
equipped
with
genes
associated
their
degradation
carbohydrate-active
enzymes
known
glycoside
hydrolase
have
been
identified
gut,
supports
this
hypothesis.
The
resulting
degraded
can
also
be
used
growth
substrates
other
present
microbe-microbe
interaction
‘cross-feeding’.
This
review
describes
current
knowledge
on
HMO
metabolism
by
particular
gut-associated
bacteria,
many
currently
commercial
probiotics,
distinct
strategies
employed
individual
utilisation.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
72(19), P. 10665 - 10678
Published: May 1, 2024
This
review
explores
the
role
of
microorganisms
and
metabolites
in
human
breast
milk
their
impact
on
neonatal
health.
Breast
serves
as
both
a
primary
source
nutrition
for
newborns
contributes
to
development
maturation
digestive,
immunological,
neurological
systems.
It
has
potential
reduce
risks
infections,
allergies,
asthma.
As
our
understanding
properties
advances,
there
is
growing
interest
incorporating
its
benefits
into
personalized
infant
strategies,
particularly
situations
which
breastfeeding
not
an
option.
Future
formula
products
are
expected
emulate
composition
advantages
milk,
aligning
with
evolving
nutrition.
The
long-term
health
implications
still
under
investigation.
EBioMedicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
104, P. 105182 - 105182
Published: June 1, 2024
Human
milk
oligosaccharides
(HMOs),
their
determinants,
infant
gut
microbiota
and
health
are
under
extensive
research;
however,
seldom
jointly
addressed.
Leveraging
data
from
the
HELMi
birth
cohort,
we
investigated
them
collectively,
considering
maternal
secretor
status.
