The Role of Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Neurological Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 5003 - 5003

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Over a hundred years of study on the favourable effect ketogenic diets in treatment epilepsy have contributed to long-lasting discussion its potential influence other neurological diseases. A significant increase number scientific studies that field has been currently observed. The aim this paper is widespread, thorough analysis available evidence respect role diet therapy diseases such as: epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and migraine. wide range mechanisms action demonstrated diseases, including, among effects, reduction inflammatory conditions amount reactive oxygen species (ROS), restoration myelin sheath neurons, formation regeneration mitochondria, neuronal metabolism, provision an alternative source energy for neurons (ketone bodies), glucose insulin concentrations, amyloid plaques, induction autophagy, alleviation microglia activation, excessive modulation intestinal microbiota, expression genes, dopamine production glutamine conversion into GABA. discussed (including randomised controlled studies), conducted patients, stressed effectiveness promising therapeutic frequent advantage was over non-ketogenic (in control groups) with simultaneous safety feasibility when conducting nutritional model.

Language: Английский

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The complex relationship between obesity and neurodegenerative diseases: an updated review

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

Obesity is a global epidemic, affecting roughly 30% of the world’s population and predicted to rise. This disease results from genetic, behavioral, societal, environmental factors, leading excessive fat accumulation, due insufficient energy expenditure. The adipose tissue, once seen as simple storage depot, now recognized complex organ with various functions, including hormone regulation modulation metabolism, inflammation, homeostasis. associated low-grade inflammatory state has been linked neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD). Mechanistically, reduced expandability leads hypertrophic adipocytes, triggering insulin leptin resistance, blood-brain barrier disruption, altered brain neuronal atrophy, cognitive decline. impacts disorders through shared underlying mechanisms, underscoring its potential modifiable risk factor for these diseases. Nevertheless, further research needed fully grasp intricate connections between obesity neurodegeneration. Collaborative efforts in this field hold promise innovative strategies address relationship develop effective prevention treatment methods, which also includes specific diets physical activities, ultimately improving quality life health.

Language: Английский

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Impact of the Ketogenic Diet on Neurological Diseases: A Review

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 71 - 71

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

The ketogenic diet (KD), high in fat and low carbohydrates, was introduced the 1920s as a non-pharmacological treatment for refractory epilepsy. Although its mechanism of action is not fully understood, beneficial effects have been observed neurological diseases such epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease. This review examines impact molecular neuroglial complementary therapy diseases. KD associated with neuroprotective antioxidant that improve mitochondrial function, regulate neurotransmitter flow, reduce neuroinflammation oxidative stress. Glial cells play an essential role utilization ketone bodies (KBs) within central nervous system's metabolism, particularly during ketosis induced by KD. Thus, represents broad promising strategy involves both neurons glial cells, on brain metabolism neuroinflammatory homeostasis. Multiple mechanisms identified to explain benefits diseases; however, further experimental clinical studies are needed address various pathways order achieve conclusive results.

Language: Английский

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Shared biological mechanisms of depression and obesity: focus on adipokines and lipokines

Aging, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 29, 2023

Depression and obesity are both common disorders currently affecting public health, frequently occurring simultaneously within individuals, the relationship between these is bidirectional. The association depression highly co-morbid tends to significantly exacerbate metabolic related depressive symptoms. However, neural mechanism under mutual control of largely inscrutable. This review focuses particularly on alterations in systems that may mechanistically explain vivo homeostatic regulation link, such as immune-inflammatory activation, gut microbiota, neuroplasticity, HPA axis dysregulation well neuroendocrine regulators energy metabolism including adipocytokines lipokines. In addition, summarizes potential future treatments for raises several questions need be answered research. will provide a comprehensive description localization biological connection better understand co-morbidity depression.

Language: Английский

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The effects of intermittent fasting for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS): a systematic review

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Some studies have investigated the impact of intermittent fasting (IF) for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review analyze and summarize all clinical concerning effects IF on MS. conducted an exhaustive information available in Embase, Cochrane, PubMed databases up until 1 September 2023. All research relating impacts MS were included. In total, this encompassed 5 studies, which included four RCTs one pilot study. Each study involved was assessed high quality. The results from these demonstrate that protocols could potentially serve as effective dietary strategy managing symptoms improving quality life individuals afflicted conclusion, might be potential beneficial intervention However, number trials field is relatively limited. large-scale investigate are urgently needed, may helpful manage intricate neuroimmune disorder. Systematic registration https://inplasy.com , identifier INPLASY2023100021.

Language: Английский

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Ketone Bodies and Brain Metabolism: New Insights and Perspectives for Neurological Diseases

Journal of Neuropsychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 104 - 109

Published: April 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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The Relationship of Ketogenic Diet with Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Diseases: A Scoping Review from Basic Research to Clinical Practice

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 2270 - 2270

Published: May 11, 2023

The ketogenic diet (KD) has become widespread for the therapy of epileptic pathology in childhood and adulthood. In last few decades, current re-emergence its popularity focused on treatment obesity diabetes mellitus. KD also exerts anti-inflammatory neuroprotective properties, which could be utilized neurodegenerative psychiatric disorders.This is a thorough, scoping review that aims to summarize scrutinize currently available basic research performed vitro vivo settings, as well clinical evidence potential beneficial effects against diseases. This was conducted systematically map this area identify gaps knowledge.We thoroughly explored most accurate scientific web databases, e.g., PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, Google Scholar, obtain recent data from animal studies human surveys twenty years, applying effective characteristic keywords.Basic revealed multiple molecular mechanisms through can exert effects, such neuroinflammation inhibition, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, amyloid plaque deposition microglial activation, protection dopaminergic neurons, tau hyper-phosphorylation suppression, stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis, enhancing gut microbial diversity, restoration histone acetylation, neuron repair promotion. On other hand, remains scarce. Most existing are modest, frequently uncontrolled, merely assess short-term impacts KD. Moreover, several had large dropout rates considerable lack compliance assessment, an increased level heterogeneity study design methodology.KD substantial via various pathological states. Large, long-term, randomized, double-blind, controlled trials with prospective strongly recommended delineate whether may attenuate or even treat disease development, progression, symptomatology.

Language: Английский

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Feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 25, 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial neurological disease characterized by chronic inflammation and immune-driven demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). The rising number MS cases in last decade could be partially attributed to environmental changes, among which alteration gut microbiome driven novel dietary habits now particular interest. intent this review describe how diet can impact development course feeding microbiome. We discuss role nutrition microbiota disease, describing preclinical studies on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) clinical interventions MS, with attention metabolites–immune interactions. Possible tools that target such as use probiotics, prebiotics postbiotics, are analyzed well. Finally, we open questions prospects these microbiome-targeted therapies for people future research.

Language: Английский

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Ketogenic Diet: A Review of Composition Diversity, Mechanism of Action and Clinical Application

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a special high‐fat, very low‐carbohydrate with the amount of protein adjusted to one’s requirements. By lowering supply carbohydrates, this induces considerable change in metabolism (of and fat) increases production ketone bodies. purpose article review diversity composition, mechanism action, clinical application risk associated KD. In last decade, more results diet’s effects on obesity, diabetes neurological disorders, among other examples have appeared. beneficial KD diseases are related reconstruction myelin sheaths neurons, reduction neuron inflammation, decreased reactive oxygen species, support dopamine production, repair damaged mitochondria formation new ones. Minimizing intake carbohydrates reduced absorption simple sugars, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels fluctuations glycaemia diabetes. Studies obesity indicate an advantage over diets terms weight loss. This may be due upregulation biological activity appetite‐controlling hormones, or lipogenesis, intensified lipolysis increased metabolic costs gluconeogenesis. However, it important aware side These include disorders digestive system as well headaches, irritability, fatigue, occurrence vitamin mineral deficiencies worsened lipid profile. Further studies aimed determine long‐term required.

Language: Английский

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Ketogenic diet in children and adolescents: The effects on growth and nutritional status

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 106780 - 106780

Published: April 23, 2023

The ketogenic diet is known to be a possible adjuvant treatment in several medical conditions, such as patients with severe or drug-resistant forms of epilepsy. Its use has recently been increasing among adolescents and young adults due its supposed weight-loss effect, mediated by lipolysis lowered insulin levels. However, there are still no precise indications on the diets pediatric age for weight loss. This approach also proposed other types disorder inherited metabolic disorders, Prader-Willi syndrome, some specific cancers. Due unbalanced ratio lipids, carbohydrates proteins, clinical evaluation side effects strict growth nutritional status essential all following long-term restrictive one. prophylactic micronutrients supplementation should considered before starting any diet. Lastly, while sufficient literature short-term diets, their impact not yet fully understood, especially when started age.

Language: Английский

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