Temperature-sensitive development shapes insect phenological responses to climate change

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 100897 - 100897

Published: March 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Population‐specific responses to developmental temperature in the arboviral vector Aedes albopictus: Implications for climate change

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract The increase of environmental temperature due to current global warming is not only favouring the expansion distribution range many insect species, but it also changing their phenology. Insect phenology tightly linked developmental timing, which regulated by temperatures. However, degree effects temperatures extend across stages and inter‐stage relationships have been thoroughly quantified in mosquitoes. Here, we used mosquito Aedes albopictus , an aggressive invasive species arboviral vector, study how influences fitness stages, thermal traits, energy reserves, transcriptome Wolbachia prevalence laboratory‐reared populations originally collected from either temperate or tropical regions. We show that hatchability, larval pupal viability speed are strongly influenced temperature, these wing length, body mass, longevity content water, protein lipids adults a population‐specific manner. On contrary, neither adult preference nor heat resistance significantly change with temperature. density was generally lower mosquitoes reared at 18°C than other tested temperatures, analysis showed enrichment for functions stress responses (i.e. cuticle proteins chitin, cytochrome p450 shock proteins) both 18 32°C. Our data overall reduced vector performance when were 32°C, absence isomorphy relationship between laboratory population deriving larvae northern Italy. Altogether, results important implications reliable model projections invasion potentials Ae. its epidemiological impact.

Language: Английский

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Adaptive Plasticity of Insect Eggs in Response to Environmental Challenges

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 68(1), P. 451 - 469

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

Insect eggs are exposed to a plethora of abiotic and biotic threats. Their survival depends on both an innate developmental program genetically determined protective traits provided by the parents. In addition, there is increasing evidence that ( a) parents adjust egg phenotype actual needs, b) themselves respond environmental challenges, c) egg-associated microbes actively shape phenotype. This review focuses phenotypic plasticity insect their capability environment. We outline ways in which interaction between environment two-way, with shaping but also affecting Specifically, affect plant defenses, host biology (in case parasitoid eggs), oviposition behavior. aim emphasize egg, although it sessile life stage, responds interacts its

Language: Английский

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One genome, multiple phenotypes: decoding the evolution and mechanisms of environmentally induced developmental plasticity in insects

Biochemical Society Transactions, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 51(2), P. 675 - 689

Published: March 16, 2023

Plasticity in developmental processes gives rise to remarkable environmentally induced phenotypes. Some of the most striking and well-studied examples plasticity are seen insects. For example, beetle horn size responds nutritional state, butterfly eyespots enlarged response temperature humidity, environmental cues also give queen worker castes eusocial These phenotypes arise from essentially identical genomes an cue during development. Developmental is taxonomically widespread, affects individual fitness, may act as a rapid-response mechanism allowing individuals adapt changing environments. Despite importance prevalence plasticity, there remains scant mechanistic understanding how it works or evolves. In this review, we use key discuss what known about insects identify fundamental gaps current knowledge. We highlight working towards fully integrated diverse range species. Furthermore, advocate for comparative studies evo-devo framework address

Language: Английский

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Single-nuclei multiome ATAC and RNA sequencing reveals the molecular basis of thermal plasticity inDrosophila melanogasterembryos

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Embryogenesis is remarkably robust to temperature variability, yet there limited understanding of the homeostatic mechanisms that offset thermal effects during early development. Here, we measured acclimation response upper limits and profiled chromatin state transcriptome D. melanogaster embryos (Bownes Stage 11) using single-nuclei multiome ATAC RNA sequencing. We report acclimation, while preserving a common set primordial cell types, rapidly shifted limit. Cool-acclimated showed characterized by increased accessibility at transcription factor binding motifs for transcriptional activator Zelda, along with enhanced activity gene regulatory networks in types including foregut hindgut, mesoderm, peripheral nervous system. In addition, cool-acclimated had higher expression genes encoding ribosomal proteins enzymes involved oxidative phosphorylation. Despite hypothesis differential heat tolerance might be explained molecular chaperones, did not observe widespread differences or shock genes. Overall, our results suggest environmental robustness embryogenesis necessitates responses regulate speed development, potentially imposing metabolic costs constrain limits.

Language: Английский

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Early attainment of 20-hydroxyecdysone threshold shapes mosquito sexual dimorphism in developmental timing

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Ecdysone coordinates plastic growth with robust pattern in the developing wing

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 9, 2022

Animals develop in unpredictable, variable environments. In response to environmental change, some aspects of development adjust generate plastic phenotypes. Other development, however, are buffered against change produce robust How organ is coordinated accommodate both and developmental responses poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the steroid hormone ecdysone coordinates plasticity size robustness pattern developing wings fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Using fed starved larvae lack prothoracic glands, which synthesize ecdysone, show nutrition regulates growth via an ecdysone-independent mechanism, while patterning only ecdysone. We then shows a graded concentration, threshold response. Collectively, these data support model where nutritionally regulated fluctuations confer by regulating disc basal levels initiating once peaks exceed concentration. This could represent generalizable mechanism through hormones coordinate with face change.

Language: Английский

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Molecular mechanisms and comparative transcriptomics of diapause in two corn rootworm species (Diabrotica spp.)

Current Research in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7, P. 100104 - 100104

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Diapause is a programmed developmental arrest that can occur at any stage depending on species, but the mechanisms underscore embryonic diapause are poorly understood. Here, we identified molecular underscoring distinct phases of in Diabrotica spp. complex. This species complex includes economically significant agricultural pests, notably western corn rootworm (WCR) and northern (NCR), which cause major losses maize production. Rootworms undergo an obligate to synchronize their life cycles with host plants, sequenced transcriptomes from both five time points (pre-diapause, initiation, maintenance, termination, post-diapause). Our results indicate transcriptional regulation dynamic during diapause. initiation involves shutdown cell cycle by downregulating cyclin-related genes, downregulation aerobic metabolism, concurrent upregulation stress-related especially heat shock proteins, proteasome, immune-related genes. During post-diapause development, there dramatic activation cellular respiration, may be controlled insulin signaling. Comparative transcriptomic analyses between WCR NCR indicated while many gene expression changes were conserved across overall profiles distinct, indicating species-specific, despite close phylogenetic relationship phenotypic similarity these species. study sheds light suite allow some organisms pause symphony events development persist for several months as tiny egg. Further, here contribute further research pest management efforts this important group.

Language: Английский

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Potential for bird–insect phenological mismatch in a tri‐trophic system

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Climate change is altering the seasonal timing of biological events across tree life. Phenological asynchrony has potential to hasten population declines and disrupt ecosystem function. However, we lack broad comparisons degree sensitivity common phenological cues multiple trophic levels. Overcoming complexity integrating data levels essential for identifying spatial locations species which mismatches are most likely occur. Here, synthesized over 15 years three estimate four interacting in eastern North America: green-up forest canopy trees, emergence adult Lepidoptera arrival subsequent breeding migratory birds. We next quantified magnitude shift per one unit springtime temperature accumulation as measured by accumulated growing days (GDD). expected responses spring be related physiology, thus predicting a weaker response birds GDD than that insects plants. found insect plant phenology indeed had similarly strong GDD, while bird lower sensitivity. also vegetation were more sensitive higher latitudes, but was less latitudes. Migratory with slow migration pace, early arrivals northerly wintering grounds shifted their most. Across Eastern Temperate Forests, similar shifts support use remotely sensed track how food resources shifting climate change. Our results indicate that, our plant-insect-bird system, bird-insect link greater mismatch insect-plant link, risk decoupling at

Language: Английский

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The unpaved road towards efficient selective breeding in insects for food and feed—A review

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Abstract Insect production for food and feed presents a promising supplement to ensure safety address the adverse impacts of agriculture on climate environment in future. However, optimisation is required insect realise its full potential. This can be by targeted improvement traits interest through selective breeding, an approach which has so far been underexplored underutilised farming. Here, we present comprehensive review breeding framework context production. We systematically evaluate adjustments techniques realm insects highlight essential components integral process. The discussion covers every step conventional scheme, such as formulation objectives, phenotyping, estimation genetic parameters values, selection appropriate strategies, mitigation issues associated with diversity depletion inbreeding. combines knowledge from diverse disciplines, bridging gap between animal quantitative genetics, evolutionary biology entomology, offering integrated view research area uniting previously remained scattered across fields expertise.

Language: Английский

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