Amygdalin: A Review on Its Characteristics, Antioxidant Potential, Gastrointestinal Microbiota Intervention, Anticancer Therapeutic and Mechanisms, Toxicity, and Encapsulation

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 1514 - 1514

Published: Oct. 19, 2022

Bioactive amygdalin, found in high concentrations bitter almonds, has been recognized as a symbol of the cyanogenic glycoside chemical organic substance, which was initially developed pharmaceutical for treating cancer after being hydrolyzed to hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Regrettably, research shown that HCN can also damage normal cells, rendering it non-toxic human body. Extreme controversy surrounds both vivo and vitro studies, making its use risky. This review provides an extensive update on characteristics, antioxidant potential, gastrointestinal microbiota intervention, anticancer therapeutic, mechanisms, toxicity, encapsulation amygdalin. Antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-fibrotic, antiatherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, analgesic ability improve digestive reproductive systems, neurodegeneration, cardiac hypertrophy are just some benefits Studies verified HCN-produced amygdalin be harmful orally, but only at very doses. Although intravenous treatment less effective than oral method, route dose range 0.6 1 g daily. Amygdalin’s toxicity depends heavily variety bacteria tract. Unfortunately, there is currently no foolproof method determining microbial consortium providing safe dosage every patient. Amygdalin alginate-chitosan nanoparticles (ACNPs) relatively new area research. enhanced cytotoxic effect malignant ACNPs employed active drug-delivery system release this compound regulated, sustained manner without causing any harm healthy cells or tissues. In conclusion, large substance might next step therapy opened up due unverified conflicting data.

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Amygdalin: Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Properties

Tissue and Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 89, P. 102443 - 102443

Published: June 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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Onco-immunity and therapeutic application of amygdalin: A review

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 155 - 163

Published: Dec. 28, 2022

Amygdalin is known as a chemical compound derived from various fruits. The glycosides existing in this plant have been historically utilized an anticancer agent. This review presented overview of amygdalin and its onco-immunity other therapeutic medical applications.A literature search for studies relating to cancer treatment was carried out using PubMed Google Scholar. Combinations the following terms were used strategies: "amygdalin," "rhodanese," "cyanide," "cyanogenic," "hypothiocyanite," "mandelonitrile," "glucosides," "cancer," "apoptosis," "cytotoxicity," combined with term such "seed," "almond," or "apricot," "cancer + cell line, antiproliferation inhibition," "BAX From March 3, 1981 until April 15, 2021, all English-language papers evaluated based on inclusion criteria. Publications included reviews, chapters books, original research papers.The FDA prohibits usage due lack proof cure cases. When natural-based conditional chemotherapeutic medicines causes synergistic effects. Besides, manage asthma, improve immune system, induce apoptosis human renal fibroblasts, inhibit hyperglycemia.Various uses found managing improving inducing inhibiting hyperglycemia. More effective vitro are required elucidate exact role herb applications.

Language: Английский

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Amygdalin as a Promising Anticancer Agent: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Perspectives for the Development of New Nanoformulations for Its Delivery

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(18), P. 14270 - 14270

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Cancer rates are increasing, and cancer is one of the main causes death worldwide. Amygdalin, also known as vitamin B17 (and laetrile, a synthetic compound), cyanogenic glycoside compound that mainly found in kernels pulps fruits. This has been proposed for decades promising naturally occurring substance which may provide anticancer effects. comprehensive review critically summarizes scrutinizes available studies exploring effect amygdalin, highlighting its potential molecular mechanisms well need nontoxic formulation this substance. In-depth research was performed using most accurate scientific databases, e.g., PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Medline, Scopus, Web Science, applying effective, characteristic, relevant keywords. There several pieces evidence to support idea amygdalin can exert effects against lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, cervical, gastrointestinal cancers. Amygdalin reported induce apoptosis cells, inhibiting cells’ proliferation slowing down tumor metastatic spread. However, only few have vivo animal models, while clinical remain even more scarce. The current cannot recommendation use nutritional supplements with due cyano-moiety exerts adverse side Preliminary data shown nanoparticles be alternative enhance simultaneously reducing seems agent disease development progression. there strong demand human explore prevention and/or treatment efficiency cancer. Moreover, could used lead by effectively recent developments drug discovery processes.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity of Panax Ginseng and Symphytum Officinale with Metronidazole against P. gingivalis: An MIC and MBC Analysis

The Open Dentistry Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: May 7, 2024

Background The RapID ANA II panel was used to evaluate bacterial responses, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) bactericidal (MBC) were established. Aim This study aimed investigate antibacterial effects of Metronidazole, Symphytum Officinale, Panax Ginseng on P. gingivalis Materials Methods strains, including strain ATCC 33277 an isolate, selected prepared. A variety test compounds, Officinale , Ginseng, procured manufactured. consistent technique determine MIC MBC. We assess responses. Additionally, a suitable software conduct statistical analysis. Results findings from MBC tests showed notable variations noticeable impact combination therapy (G+F S+F) in comparison individual drugs alone. Lower values seen when Metronidazole (G+F) (S+F) combined, demonstrating synergistic effect (p < 0.01). Positive results found for ρ-Nitrophenyl-β, D-disaccharide (BLTS), σ-Nitrophenyl-β, D-galactoside (ONPG), ρ-Nitrophenyl-n-acetyl-β, D glucosaminide (NAG), ρ-Nitrophenylphosphate (PO4), Phenylalanine-β-naphthylamide (PAL), Pyrrolidonyl-β-naphthylamide (PYR), Tryptophane (IND) panel, whereas negative obtained Urea (URE), ρ-Nitrophenyl-α, L-arabinoside (aARA), D-glucoside (aGLU), (BGLU), (aGAL), L-fucoside (aFUC), Proline-β-naphthylamide (PRO), Serine-β-naphthylamide (SER). Conclusion Our shows that therapies using Officnale with have increased efficacy against . These point possibility these herbal remedies complementing conventional medicine. In this study, helped identify characterise by offering useful insights into reactions. Nonetheless, it is necessary more studies examine therapeutic uses alternative infection treatments.

Language: Английский

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Metronidazole Potentiation by Panax Ginseng and Symphytum officinale: A New Strategy for P. gingivalis Infection Control

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1288 - 1288

Published: Aug. 4, 2023

The important periodontal disease pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis produces thick biofilms that increase its pathogenicity. Finding natural antimicrobial agents is crucial because of the rise in antibiotic resistance. purpose this study was to determine if plant extracts such as Symphytum officinale (S) and Panax Ginseng (G) were effective against P. separately combination with a common antibiotic, metronidazole (F). Six different dilutions produced using concentrations antibiotics F, G, S two-fold serial dilution technique. To evaluate effects these substances, biofilm inhibition experiments conducted. Plaque samples collected from periodontitis patients isolate gingivalis, standard strain (ATCC 33277) purchased. Additionally, Acylated Homoserine Lactones (AHLs) detection carried out look for any activity would interfere quorum sensing. GraphPad Prism used statistical analysis p-value < 0.05. combinations (S+F) showed maximum effectiveness (98.7%), which slightly better than G+F (98.2%), substantial variations levels treatment regimes. Notably, patient more active strain. their at particular had notable inhibitory on generation AHL (p 0.05). highlights possibility treatments AHLs, both own metronidazole. These organic substances may open door cutting-edge methods treating disorders.

Language: Английский

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Anti-tumoral Immunity and Chemo-preventive Effectiveness of Herbal Extracts of Curcumin, Ginger, Clove and Amygdaline in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma-Challenging Mice

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 826 - 835

Published: April 16, 2024

Background:: Due to its systemic toxicity, traditional chemotherapy of tumors is being taken into consideration. Herbal therapy, containing phytochemical polyphenol derivatives such as Curcumin (Cur), Ginger (Gin), Cloves (Clov) and Amygdaline (Amyg), one the numerous complementary alternative approaches an anti-cancer therapy holds great promise for cancer chemo-prevention with fewer side effects. Aim:: The current study was designated assess anti-tumoral immunity chemo-preventive effectiveness herbal extracts Cur, Ginger, Clov Amyg in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC)-challenging mice. Methods: Chemo-preventive efficacy Gin, were analyzed vivo by examination apoptosis rate EAC tumor cells flow cytometry. total numbers cells, splenocytes counts leucocytes count their differentials relative % peripheral blood (PB) EACchallenging mice investigated. Results:: EAC-challenging treated showed a marked decline cell noticeable increase remarkable decrease serum level antigen 125 (CA-125) obvious number comparing that PBS alone. Moreover, data indicated insignificant change eosinophil, neutrophils, monocytes lymphocytes Cur Amyg, but these parameters markedly increased injected Gin compared Conclusion:: To conclude, may have potency potential reduce resistance conventional exert chemo-protective low adverse Further research necessary determine regimen's toxicity on various tissues organs connect diagnostic therapeutic used biomedical use.

Language: Английский

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Metronidazole Potentiation by Panax Ginseng and Symphidium Officinale: A New Strategy for P. gingivalis Infection Control

Published: July 10, 2023

Background: The important periodontal disease pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis produces large biofilms that increase its pathogenicity. Finding natural antimicrobial agents is crucial because of the rise in antibiotic resistance. Objective: purpose this study was to determine if plant extracts such as Symphytum officinale (S) and Panax ginseng (G) were effective against P. separately combination with a common Metronidazole (F). Materials Procedures: Six different dilutions produced G F S using two-fold serial dilution technique. To evaluate effects these substances biofilm inhibition experiments conducted. Plaque samples collected from periodontitis patients isolate standard strain (ATCC 33277) bought. Additionally, Acylated Homoserine Lactones (AHLs) detection carried out look for any activity would interfere quorum sensing. GraphPad prism used statistical analysis p value &amp;lt; 0.05. Results: combinations Officinale (S+F) showed maximum effectiveness (98.7%), which better than G+F (98.2%) substantial variations levels treatment regimes. Notably, patient more active strain. their at particular had notable inhibitory on generation AHL (p &amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion: highlights possibility Ginseng treatments AHLs, both own Metronidazole. These organic may open door cutting-edge methods treating disorders.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the Protective Role of Rhodanese Enzyme against Cyanide, the Cytotoxic by-product of Amygdalin, in HDF and L929 Cell Lines

Letters in Drug Design & Discovery, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(9), P. 1295 - 1307

Published: June 13, 2022

Introduction: Amygdalin (AMG) is a plant-based agent that has many therapeutic applications. Metabolism of this herbal remedy may cause cytotoxicity in cells. Objective: In study, the role rhodanese (RH) enzyme against cyanide amygdalin been investigated human and mouse cell lines vitro. MethodS: We analyzed cytotoxicity, morphologic changes, apoptotic effects, gene expression alterations resulting from treatment with AMG combined RH (AMG-RH) fibroblasts (L929) dermal (HDF) lines. ResultS: The lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 87.95±3.63 mg/ml 80.82±2.13 at 72 h both Cell viability was significantly decreased after treatment; however, it increased following AMG-RH for 24, 48, h. Morphological changes observed combination did not any significant morphological either line. Conclusion: apoptosis rates treated BAX, CASP-3, BCL-2, TST genes upregulated BCL-2 upregulated, while BAX CASP3 downregulated findings study indicate IC50 dose could HDF L929 Furthermore, found decrease might have protective AMG.

Language: Английский

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The Postulated Mechanism of Action of Amygdalin (Vitamin B17) on Cancer Cells

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(8), P. 894 - 899

Published: Nov. 25, 2022

The current study demonstrates amygdalin's (vitamin B17) postulated mechanism of action on cancer cells where it kills by selective toxicity, promotes apoptosis via cell cycle arrest, induces intrinsic death pathway (the mitochondria-initiated pathway), and enhances immunity. Thus, amygdalin can be considered a valuable natural therapeutic agent. toxicity Amygdalin was reviewed. Moreover, solutions to avoid the cyanide poisoning have been proposed.

Language: Английский

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