International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(13), P. 4773 - 4773
Published: July 5, 2020
Adipose
tissue
is
an
important
regulator
of
whole-body
metabolism
and
energy
homeostasis.
The
unprecedented
growth
obesity
metabolic
disease
worldwide
has
required
paralleled
advancements
in
research
on
this
dynamic
endocrine
organ
system.
Single-cell
RNA
sequencing
(scRNA-seq),
a
highly
meticulous
methodology
used
to
dissect
heterogeneity
through
the
transcriptional
characterization
individual
cells,
responsible
for
facilitating
critical
area.
unique
investigative
capabilities
achieved
by
combination
nanotechnology,
molecular
biology,
informatics
are
expanding
our
understanding
adipose
tissue’s
composition
compartmentalized
functional
specialization,
which
underlie
physiologic
pathogenic
states,
including
adaptive
thermogenesis,
aging,
obesity.
In
review,
we
will
summarize
use
scRNA-seq
single-nuclei
RNA-seq
(snRNA-seq)
adipocyte
biology
their
applications
diabetes
hopes
increasing
awareness
technology
acting
as
catalyst
its
expanded
further
investigation.
Molecular Metabolism,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
34, P. 27 - 42
Published: Jan. 7, 2020
The
diminished
glucose
lowering
effect
of
insulin
in
obesity,
called
"insulin
resistance,"
is
associated
with
intolerance,
type
2
diabetes,
and
other
serious
maladies.
Many
publications
on
this
topic
have
suggested
numerous
hypotheses
the
molecular
cellular
disruptions
that
contribute
to
syndrome.
However,
significant
uncertainty
remains
mechanisms
its
initiation
long-term
maintenance.
To
simplify
resistance
analysis,
review
focuses
unifying
concept
adipose
tissue
a
central
regulator
systemic
homeostasis
by
controlling
liver
skeletal
muscle
metabolism.
Key
aspects
function
related
reviewed
are:
1)
modes
which
specific
tissues
control
hepatic
output
disposal,
2)
recently
acquired
understanding
underlying
these
regulation,
3)
steps
pathways
adversely
affected
obesity
cause
resistance.
Adipocyte
heterogeneity
required
mediate
multiple
tolerance.
White
adipocytes
specialize
sequestering
triglycerides
away
from
liver,
muscle,
limit
toxicity.
In
contrast,
brown/beige
are
very
active
directly
taking
up
response
β
adrenergic
signaling
enhancing
energy
expenditure.
Nonetheless,
white,
beige,
brown
all
share
common
feature
secreting
factors
possibly
exosomes
act
distant
homeostasis.
Obesity
exerts
deleterious
effects
each
adipocyte
functions
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(17), P. 6241 - 6241
Published: Aug. 28, 2020
The
ongoing
obesity
pandemic
generates
a
constant
need
to
develop
new
therapeutic
strategies
restore
the
energy
balance.
Therefore,
concept
of
activating
brown
adipose
tissue
(BAT)
in
order
increase
expenditure
has
been
revived.
In
mammals,
two
developmentally
distinct
types
adipocytes
exist;
classical
or
constitutive
BAT
that
arises
during
embryogenesis,
and
beige
is
recruited
postnatally
within
white
(WAT)
process
called
browning.
Research
recent
years
significantly
increased
our
understanding
mechanisms
involved
activation
WAT
They
also
allowed
for
identification
critical
molecules
steps
both
processes
and,
therefore,
many
targets.
Several
non-pharmacological
approaches,
as
well
chemical
compounds
aiming
at
induction
browning
activation,
have
tested
vitro
animal
models
genetically
determined
and/or
diet-induced
obesity.
potential
some
these
humans.
this
review,
we
summarize
present
concepts
regarding
targets
available
them.
Annual Review of Physiology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
83(1), P. 257 - 278
Published: Feb. 10, 2021
Adipose
tissue
depots
in
distinct
anatomical
locations
mediate
key
aspects
of
metabolism,
including
energy
storage,
nutrient
release,
and
thermogenesis.
Although
adipocytes
make
up
more
than
90%
adipose
volume,
they
represent
less
50%
its
cellular
content.
Here,
I
review
recent
advances
genetic
lineage
tracing
transcriptomics
that
reveal
the
identities
heterogeneous
cell
populations
constituting
mouse
human
tissues.
In
addition
to
mature
their
progenitors,
these
include
endothelial
various
immune
types
together
orchestrate
development
functions.
One
salient
finding
is
identification
progenitor
subtypes
can
modulate
adipogenic
capacity
through
paracrine
mechanisms.
Another
description
fate
trajectories
monocyte/macrophages,
which
respond
maladaptively
nutritional
thermogenic
stimuli,
leading
metabolic
disease.
These
studies
have
generated
an
extraordinary
source
publicly
available
data
be
leveraged
explore
commonalities
differences
among
experimental
models,
providing
new
insights
into
tissues
role
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
1862(7), P. 148428 - 148428
Published: March 31, 2021
Non-shivering
thermogenesis
in
brown
adipose
tissue
is
mediated
by
uncoupling
protein
1
(UCP1),
which
provides
a
carefully
regulated
proton
re-entry
pathway
across
the
mitochondrial
inner
membrane
operating
parallel
to
ATP
synthase
and
allowing
respiration,
hence
thermogenesis,
be
released
from
constraints
of
respiratory
control.
In
40
years
since
UCP1
was
first
described,
an
extensive,
frequently
contradictory,
literature
has
accumulated,
focused
on
acute
physiological
regulation
fatty
acids,
purine
nucleotides
possible
additional
factors.
The
purpose
this
review
examine,
detail,
experimental
evidence
underlying
these
proposed
mechanisms.
Emphasis
will
placed
methodologies
employed
their
relation
under
functions
intact
cell.
nature
endogenous,
UCP1-independent,
leak
also
discussed.
Finally,
troubled
history
putative
novel
proteins,
UCP2
UCP3,
evaluated.
