Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in cancer therapy resistance: recent advances and therapeutic potential

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Sept. 13, 2022

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal that can be obtained from various human tissues and organs. They differentiate into a wide range of cell types, including osteoblasts, adipocytes chondrocytes, thus exhibiting great potential in regenerative medicine. Numerous studies have indicated MSCs play critical roles cancer biology. The crosstalk between tumour has been found to regulate many behaviours, such as proliferation, metastasis epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Multiple lines evidence demonstrated secrete exosomes modulate the microenvironment important development. Notably, very recent works shown mesenchymal cell-derived (MSC-derived exosomes) critically involved resistance chemotherapy agents, targeted-therapy drugs, radiotherapy immunotherapy. In this review, we systematically summarized emerging detailed molecular mechanisms MSC-derived mediating therapy resistance, providing novel insights clinical applications management.

Language: Английский

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The potential use of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes as microRNAs delivery systems in different diseases

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA. Moreover, it has been shown miRNAs changed in various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune disease, infectious and neurodegenerative Diseases. The suppression miRNA function can be easily attained utilizing anti-miRNAs. In contrast, an enhancement achieved through the utilization modified mimetics. discovery appropriate carriers body become interesting subject for investigators. Exosomes (EXOs) therapeutic efficiency safety transferring different cellular biological components to recipient cell have attracted significant attention their capability carriers. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) recognized generate wide range EXOs (MSC-EXOs), showing MSCs may effective EXO generation clinically measure compared other origins. MSC-EXOs widely investigated because immune attributes, tumor-homing flexible characteristics. this article, we summarized features MSC-EXOs, including production, purification, loading methods modification targeted delivery diseases. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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The role of macrophages polarization in sepsis-induced acute lung injury

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Sepsis presents as a severe infectious disease frequently documented in clinical settings. Characterized by its systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis has the potential to trigger multi-organ dysfunction and can escalate becoming life-threatening. A common fallout from is acute lung injury (ALI), which often progresses respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Macrophages, due their significant role immune system, are receiving increased attention studies. Macrophage polarization process that hinges on an intricate regulatory network influenced myriad of signaling molecules, transcription factors, epigenetic modifications, metabolic reprogramming. In this review, our primary focus classically activated macrophages (M1-like) alternatively (M2-like) two paramount phenotypes instrumental sepsis’ host response. An imbalance between M1-like M2-like precipitate onset exacerbate progression sepsis. This review provides comprehensive understanding interplay macrophage sepsis-induced (SALI) elaborates intervention strategy centers around crucial polarization.

Language: Английский

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Application of stem cells in regeneration medicine

MedComm, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(4)

Published: June 17, 2023

Abstract Regeneration is a complex process affected by many elements independent or combined, including inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Stem cells class of primitive with the potentiality differentiation, regenerate self‐replication, multidirectional immunomodulatory functions. their cytokines not only inextricably linked to regeneration ectodermal skin tissues, but also can be used for treatment variety chronic wounds. produce exosomes in paracrine manner. cell play an important role regeneration, repair, accelerated wound healing, biological properties which are similar stem cells, while safer more effective. Skin bone tissues critical organs body, essential sustaining life activities. The weak repairing ability leads pronounced impact on quality patients, could alleviated treatment. However, there obstacles that trough improved bioavailability. This paper summarizes applications mechanisms healing. We propose new ways utilizing through different nanoformulations, liposomes nanoliposomes, polymer micelles, microspheres, hydrogels, scaffold microneedles, improve use healing regeneration.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic Applications of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3562 - 3562

Published: March 21, 2024

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, ranging from 30 to 150 nm in diameter, that mediate intercellular transfer various biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites. They modulate the functions recipient cells participate diverse physiological pathological processes, immune responses, cell-cell communication, carcinogenesis, viral infection. Stem (SCs) pluripotent or multipotent can differentiate into cell types. SCs also secrete exosomes, which exhibit remarkable therapeutic potential for diseases, especially field regenerative medicine. For example, exosomes derived mesenchymal stem (MSCs) contain miRNAs ameliorate endocrine disorders, diabetes cancer. (sc-exos) may offer similar advantages SCs, but with reduced risks challenges. Sc-exos have lower tumorigenicity, immunogenicity, infectivity. deliver drugs more efficiently penetrate deeper tissues. In this review, we provide an overview recent advances sc-exos their applications We elucidate how biological effects depend on molecular composition. address current challenges future directions using sc-exos.

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: Characteristics and applications in disease pathology and management

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 342, P. 122542 - 122542

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Neuroprotective effects of coenzyme Q10-loaded exosomes obtained from adipose-derived stem cells in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 152, P. 113224 - 113224

Published: June 6, 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative that causes memory and learning impairments as well dementia. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) an anti-inflammatory anti-oxidative stress supplement can improve inflammation oxidative associated with AD. This study investigated the effects of drug delivery COQ10 by exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs-Exo) on cognition, memory, neuronal proliferation in rat model Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Since establishment AD model, rats have received intraperitoneal injections CoQ10, Exo, or CoQ10-loaded ADSCs-Exo (Exo+ CoQ10). The passive avoidance test Morris water maze (MWM) were used to assess cognition changes. Cell density was determined using histological methods. expression BDNF measured ELISA kit. SOX2 immunohistochemistry. According results MWM task, Exo+CoQ10 significantly improved STZ-induced impairment compared CoQ10 Exo groups alone. Furthermore, increased after Exo+ when groups. In addition, had highest cell gene expression, findings this study, enhanced deficiency boosting levels hippocampus. Hence, use carrier may increase therapeutic effect which possibly be due regenerative properties exosomes.

Language: Английский

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Heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles is highly impacted by the tissue/cell source and culture conditions

Cell & Bioscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: May 2, 2022

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane structures exerting major effects in physiological as well pathological processes by functioning vehicles for the delivery of biomolecules to their target cells. An increasing number previously attributed cell-based therapies have been recognized be actually mediated EVs derived from respective cells, suggesting administration purified instead living cells therapies. In this review, we focus on heterogeneity mesenchymal stem/stromal (MSC) and summarize upstream process parameters that crucially affect resulting therapeutic properties biological functions. Hereby, discuss cell source, medium composition, 3D culture, bioreactor culture hypoxia. Furthermore, aspects isolation storage strategies influences described. Conclusively, optimization should controlling MSC-derived EV specific applications. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a new therapeutic strategy in the brain tumors

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Dec. 20, 2022

Abstract Brain tumors are one of the most mortal cancers, leading to many deaths among kids and adults. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy available options for brain tumor treatment. However, these methods not able eradicate cancer cells. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is important barriers treat that prevents adequate drug delivery tissue. connection between different parts heterogeneous causes challenges in Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) migrate have anti-tumor effects by delivering cytotoxic compounds. They contain very high regenerative properties, as well support immune system. MSCs-based therapy involves cell replacement releases various vesicles, including exosomes. Exosomes receive more attention due their excellent stability, less immunogenicity toxicity compare derived from MSCs can develop a powerful therapeutic strategy diseases be hopeful candidate cell-based cell-free medicine. These nanoparticles nucleic acid, proteins, lipids, microRNAs, other biologically active substances. Many studies show each microRNA prevent angiogenesis, migration, metastasis glioblastoma. exosomes can—act suitable nanoparticle carrier applications passing through BBB. In this review, we discuss potential MSC produced treatment tumors.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicles: The Next Generation Theranostic Nanomedicine for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 3893 - 3911

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Abstract: The recent rapid development in the field of extracellular vesicles (EVs) based nanotechnology has provided unprecedented opportunities for nanomedicine platforms. As natural nanocarriers, EVs such as exosomes, exosome-like nanoparticles and outer membrane (OMVs), have unique structure/composition/morphology characteristics, show excellent physical chemical/biochemical properties, making them a new generation theranostic nanomedicine. Here, we reviewed characteristics from perspective their formation biological function inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, can crucially participate interaction communication intestinal epithelial cells (IECs)-immune cells-gut microbiota to regulate immune response, inflammation homeostasis. Interestingly, on current representative examples exosomes IBD treatment, it is shown that plant, milk, cells-derived exert therapeutic effect through components, proteins, nucleic acid, lipids. several drug loading methods target modification are used improve capability. We also discussed application treatment IBD. In this review, aim better more clearly clarify underlying mechanisms pathogenesis IBD, provide directions mediated treatment. Keywords: vesicles, exosome, nanoparticles, disease,

Language: Английский

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