Gels,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11(3), P. 175 - 175
Published: Feb. 27, 2025
Bone
tissue
engineering
has
emerged
as
a
promising
approach
to
addressing
the
limitations
of
traditional
bone
grafts
for
repairing
defects.
This
regenerative
medicine
strategy
leverages
biomaterials,
growth
factors,
and
cells
create
favorable
environment
regeneration,
mimicking
body’s
natural
healing
process.
Among
various
biomaterials
explored,
hydrogels
(HGs),
class
three-dimensional,
hydrophilic
polymer
networks,
have
gained
significant
attention
scaffolds
engineering.
Thus,
this
review
aimed
investigate
potential
synthetic
HGs,
molecules
used
its
functionalization,
enhanced
applications.
HGs
offer
several
advantages
such
scaffolds,
including
biocompatibility,
biodegradability,
tunable
mechanical
properties,
ability
encapsulate
deliver
bioactive
molecules.
These
properties
make
them
ideal
candidates
supporting
cell
attachment,
proliferation,
differentiation,
ultimately
guiding
formation
new
tissue.
The
design
optimization
HG-based
involve
adapting
their
composition,
structure,
meet
specific
requirements
regeneration.
Current
research
focuses
on
incorporating
molecules,
factors
cytokines,
into
HG
further
enhance
osteoinductive
osteoconductive
properties.
Additionally,
strategies
improve
strength
degradation
kinetics
are
being
explored
ensure
long-term
stability
support
formation.
development
advanced
holds
great
revolutionizing
providing
effective
treatment
options
patients
with
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
38, P. 346 - 373
Published: May 9, 2024
Gelatin
methacryloyl
(GelMA)
hydrogels
is
a
widely
used
bioink
because
of
its
good
biological
properties
and
tunable
physicochemical
properties,
which
has
been
in
variety
tissue
engineering
regeneration.
However,
pure
GelMA
limited
by
the
weak
mechanical
strength
lack
continuous
osteogenic
induction
environment,
difficult
to
meet
needs
bone
repair.
Moreover,
are
unable
respond
complex
stimuli
therefore
adapt
physiological
pathological
microenvironments.
This
review
focused
on
functionalization
strategies
hydrogel
based
bioinks
for
The
synthesis
process
was
described
details,
various
functional
methods
requirements
regeneration,
including
strength,
porosity,
vascularization,
differentiation,
immunoregulation
patient
specific
repair,
etc.
In
addition,
response
smart
GelMA-based
external
physical
stimulation
internal
microenvironment
stimulation,
as
well
achieve
both
disease
treatment
regeneration
presence
common
diseases
(such
inflammation,
infection,
tumor)
also
briefly
reviewed.
Finally,
we
emphasized
current
challenges
possible
exploration
directions
Nanomaterials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(6), P. 531 - 531
Published: March 16, 2024
Biomimetic
scaffolds
imitate
native
tissue
and
can
take
a
multidimensional
form.
They
are
biocompatible
influence
cellular
metabolism,
making
them
attractive
bioengineering
platforms.
The
use
of
biomimetic
adds
complexity
to
traditional
cell
cultivation
methods.
most
commonly
used
technique
involves
cultivating
cells
on
flat
surface
in
two-dimensional
format
due
its
simplicity.
A
three-dimensional
(3D)
provide
microenvironment
for
surrounding
cells.
There
two
main
techniques
obtaining
3D
structures
based
the
presence
scaffolding.
Scaffold-free
consist
spheroid
technologies.
Meanwhile,
scaffold
contain
organoids
all
constructs
that
various
types
scaffolds,
ranging
from
decellularized
extracellular
matrix
(dECM)
through
hydrogels
one
extensively
studied
forms
potential
culture
up
4D
bioprinted
biomaterials.
bioprinting
is
important
create
scaffolds.
versatility
this
allows
many
different
inks,
mainly
hydrogels,
as
well
inorganic
substances.
Increasing
amounts
data
evidence
vast
usage
engineering
personalized
medicine,
with
area
application
being
regeneration
skin
musculoskeletal
systems.
Recent
papers
also
indicate
increasing
vivo
tests
products
which
further
strengthen
importance
branch
emphasize
need
extensive
research
safe
humansbiomimetic
tissues
organs.
In
review
article,
we
recent
advancements
field
preceded
by
an
overview
technologies
led
development
complex
type
culture.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Feb. 12, 2025
Senescent
mandibular
bone
repair
poses
a
formidable
challenge
without
completely
satisfactory
strategy.
Endogenous
cell
recruitment
and
osteogenic
differentiation
are
two
sequential
stages
in
regeneration,
disruptions
these
processes
present
significant
obstacles
to
senescent
repair.
To
address
issues,
engineered
extracellular
vesicles
(EV)
with
stem
functions
were
developed.
This
study
demonstrated
that
Apt19s-engineered
(Apt19s-EV)
recognize
recruit
marrow
mesenchymal
cells
derived
from
old
rats
(O-BMSCs)
specifically
effectively.
MiR-376b-5p,
identified
by
RNA
sequencing
transfection,
was
significantly
decreased
O-BMSCs,
it
selected
construct
miR-376b-5p-engineered
(376b-EV).
376b-EV
could
promote
osteogenesis
alleviate
senescence
of
O-BMSCs
targeting
Camsap1.
combine
the
advantages
Apt19s
miR-376b-5p,
dual
(Apt-376b-EV)
comprising
both
miR-376b-5p
modifications
constructed.
further
validate
its
function,
Gelatin
methacryloyl
(GelMA)
hydrogel
used
as
carrier
Apt-376b-EV@GelMA
delivery
system.
The
vitro
results
have
sequentially.
Notably,
vivo
also
showed
sequentially
endogenous
enhance
new
formation
fracture
critical-sized
defect
models.
In
summary,
vesicles,
Apt-376b-EV,
offer
an
appealing
solution
for
recruiting
promoting
microenvironment,
which
may
broaden
clinical
applications
EV
provide
valuable
strategies
treating
bone-related
diseases
future
work.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(5)
Published: Dec. 12, 2023
Bone
defects
stemming
from
tumorous
growths,
traumatic
events,
and
diverse
conditions
present
a
profound
conundrum
in
clinical
practice
research.
While
bone
has
the
inherent
ability
to
regenerate,
substantial
anomalies
require
regeneration
techniques.
organoids
represent
new
concept
this
field,
involving
3D
self-assembly
of
bone-associated
stem
cells
guided
vitro
with
or
without
extracellular
matrix
material,
resulting
tissue
that
mimics
structural,
functional,
genetic
properties
native
tissue.
Within
scientific
panorama,
ascend
an
esteemed
status,
securing
significant
experimental
endorsement.
Through
synthesis
current
literature
pioneering
studies,
review
offers
comprehensive
survey
organoid
paradigm,
delves
into
quintessential
architecture
ontogeny
bone,
highlights
latest
progress
fabrication.
Further,
existing
challenges
prospective
directions
for
future
research
are
identified,
advocating
interdisciplinary
collaboration
fully
harness
potential
burgeoning
domain.
Conclusively,
as
technology
continues
mature,
its
implications
both
landscapes
poised
be
profound.
Heliyon,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(16), P. e36258 - e36258
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Natural
bone
tissue
has
the
certain
function
of
self-regeneration
and
repair,
but
it
is
difficult
to
repair
large
damage.
Recently,
although
autologous
grafting
"gold
standard"
for
improving
high
cost,
few
donor
sources.
Besides,
allogeneic
causes
greater
immune
reactions,
which
hardly
meet
clinical
needs.
The
engineering
(BTE)
been
developed
promote
repair.
Gelatin,
due
its
biocompatibility,
receives
a
great
deal
attention
in
BTE
research
field.
However,
disadvantages
natural
gelatin
are
poor
mechanical
properties
single
structural
property.
With
development
BTE,
often
used
combination
with
range
natural,
synthetic
polymers,
inorganic
materials
achieve
synergistic
effects
complex
physiological
process
review
delves
into
fundamental
structure
unique
gelatin,
as
well
excellent
necessary
scaffold
materials.
Then
this
explores
application
modified
three-dimensional
(3D)
scaffolds
various
structures
including
3D
fiber
scaffolds,
hydrogels,
nanoparticles.
In
addition,
focuses
on
efficacy
composite
consisting
or
polymeric
materials,
bioactive
ceramics
metallic/non-metallic
defects.
these
gelatin-based
provides
new
ideas
design
good
biosafety.
Journal of Orthopaedic Translation,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
47, P. 249 - 260
Published: July 1, 2024
Diabetic
bone
defects
present
significant
challenges
for
individuals
with
diabetes.
While
metformin
has
been
explored
regeneration
via
local
delivery,
its
application
in
treating
diabetic
remains
under-explored.
In
this
study,
we
aim
to
leverage
3D
printing
technology
fabricate
a
GelMA-Nanoclay
hydrogel
scaffold
loaded
specifically
purpose.
The
objective
is
assess
whether
the
situ
release
of
can
effectively
enhance
osteogenesis,
angiogenesis,
and
immunomodulation
context
defects.
Utilizing
technology,
constructed
GelMA-Nanoclay-Metformin
optimal
physical
properties
biocompatibility.
osteogenic,
angiogenic,
immunomodulatory
characteristics
were
thoroughly
investigated
through
both
vitro
vivo
experiments.
GelMA10%-Nanoclay8%-Metformin5mg/mL
was
selected
as
bioink
due
favorable
swelling
rate,
degradation
mechanical
strength,
drug
rate.
Through
investigations,
extract,
enriched
metformin,
demonstrated
substantial
enhancement
proliferation
migration
BMSCs
within
high-glucose
microenvironment.
It
enhances
immunomodulation.
experimental
outcomes
further
underscored
efficacy
metformin-loaded
promoting
superior
conclusion,
while
previous
studies
have
delivery
regeneration,
our
research
pioneering
using
printed
scaffold.
This
localized
approach
demonstrates
potential
enhancing
patients,
offering
novel
Our
study
demonstrates,
first
time,
successful
loading
systemic
antidiabetic
onto
delivery.
exhibits
mending
defects,
presenting
promising
new
avenue
treatment
such
conditions.