Mitochondrial Dynamics in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Unraveling the Role of Fusion and Fission Processes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(17), P. 13033 - 13033

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a diverse group of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration and death neurons, leading to range neurological symptoms. Despite heterogeneity these conditions, common denominator is implication mitochondrial dysfunction in their pathogenesis. Mitochondria play crucial role creating biomolecules, providing energy through adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generated oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). When they’re not functioning correctly, becoming fragmented losing membrane potential, they contribute diseases. In this review, we explore how mitochondria fuse undergo fission, especially context NDs. We discuss genetic protein mutations linked impact dynamics. also look at key regulatory proteins fusion (MFN1, MFN2, OPA1) fission (DRP1 FIS1), including post-translational modifications. Furthermore, highlight potential drugs that can influence By unpacking complex processes, aim direct research towards treatments improve life quality for people with challenging conditions.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondria and its epigenetic dynamics: Insight into synaptic regulation and synaptopathies

Functional & Integrative Genomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Language: Английский

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Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cerebral Ischemia: Advances in Pharmacological Interventions

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 108 - 108

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

The study of mitochondrial dysfunction has become increasingly pivotal in elucidating the pathophysiology various cerebral pathologies, particularly neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondria are essential for cellular energy metabolism, regulation reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium homeostasis, and execution apoptotic processes. Disruptions function, driven by factors such as oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, altered ion balance, lead to neuronal death contribute cognitive impairments several brain diseases. Mitochondrial can arise from genetic mutations, ischemic events, hypoxia, other environmental factors. This article highlights critical role progression diseases discusses need targeted therapeutic strategies attenuate damage, restore enhance neuroprotection.

Language: Английский

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Functional Role of Taurine in Aging and Cardiovascular Health: An Updated Overview

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(19), P. 4236 - 4236

Published: Sept. 30, 2023

Taurine, a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid, has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its potential health benefits. Found various foods and often used energy drinks supplements, taurine been studied extensively understand impact on human physiology. Determining exact functional roles represents complex multifaceted topic. We provide an overview of the scientific literature present analysis effects aspects health, focusing aging cardiovascular pathophysiology, but also including athletic performance, metabolic regulation, neurological function. Additionally, our report summarizes current recommendations for intake addresses safety concerns. Evidence from both animal studies indicates that may have beneficial effects, blood pressure improved cardiac fitness, enhanced vascular health. Its mechanisms action antioxidant properties make it intriguing candidate anti-aging strategies.

Language: Английский

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The potential influence of melatonin on mitochondrial quality control: a review

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Mitochondria are critical for cellular energetic metabolism, intracellular signaling orchestration and programmed death regulation. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with various pathogeneses. The maintenance of homeostasis functional recovery after injury coordinated by biogenesis, dynamics autophagy, which collectively referred to as quality control. There increasing evidence that mitochondria important targets melatonin exert protective effects under pathological conditions. Melatonin, an evolutionarily conserved tryptophan metabolite, can be synthesized, transported metabolized in mitochondria. In this review, we summarize the role damaged elimination energy supply regulating control, may provide new strategies clinical treatment mitochondria-related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Sirtuin dysregulation in Parkinson's disease: Implications of acetylation and deacetylation processes

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 342, P. 122537 - 122537

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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The interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and NLRP3 inflammasome in multiple sclerosis: Therapeutic implications and animal model studies

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 175, P. 116673 - 116673

Published: May 6, 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disorder that impacts the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. The NOD-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, multiprotein of innate immune system, serves an essential role pathogenesis MS by regulating production pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β & IL-18) induction pyroptotic cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction one main potential factors can trigger NLRP3 inflammasome activation lead to inflammation axonal damage MS. This highlights importance understanding how mitochondrial dynamics modulate activity contribute inflammatory neurodegenerative features lack comprehensive urge for introduction new therapeutic strategies led us review targeting interplay between paper also evaluates natural synthetic compounds improve function and/or inhibit thereby providing neuroprotection. Moreover, it summarizes evidence from animal models demonstrate beneficial effects these on reducing Finally, this advocates deeper investigation into molecular crosstalk as means refine targets

Language: Английский

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The role of sirtuins in the regulation of reactive oxygen species in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mitochondria pleiotropism in stem cell senescence: Mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 657 - 671

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Aging is a complex biological process characterized by progressive decline in cellular and tissue function, ultimately leading to organismal aging. Stem cells, with their regenerative potential, play crucial role maintaining homeostasis repair throughout an organism's lifespan. Mitochondria, the powerhouses of cell, have emerged as key players aging process, impacting stem cell function contributing age-related dysfunction. Here are discuss mechanisms through which mitochondria influence fate decisions, including energy production, metabolic regulation, ROS signalling, epigenetic modifications. Therefore, this review highlights driving senescence subsequent impact on overall diseases. Finally, we explore potential anti-aging therapies targeting mitochondrial health implications for promoting healthy This comprehensive sheds light critical interplay between senescence, aging, offering insights into strategies attenuating longevity.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Exercise and Oral Niacinamide Mononucleotide on Improving Mitochondrial Autophagy in Alzheimer’s Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(13), P. 2851 - 2851

Published: June 23, 2023

Oral niacinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and aerobic exercise have been shown to enhance adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in the body. NAD+ plays a critical role body can directly indirectly affect many key cellular functions, including metabolic pathways, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, cell aging, immune function. It is noteworthy that level of decreases gradually with increasing age. Decreased levels causally associated number diseases cognitive decline, cancer, diseases, sarcopenia, frailty. Many related aging be slowed down or even reversed by restoring levels. For example, oral NMN increase APP/PS1 mice proven improve mitochondrial autophagy, but currently, there no regimen combining exercise. This review summarizes recent studies on effect enhancement vivo improvements autophagy abnormalities AD through exercise, focusing (1) how improves internal level; (2) regulates content body; (3) relationship between activation AMPK; (4) SIRT1 regulated AMPK activates PGC-1α mediate changes dynamics. By summarizing results above four aspects, combined synthesis vivo, we infer elevates so as propose new hypothesis interferes Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Language: Английский

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