Racial disparities in COVID-19 pandemic cases, hospitalisations, and deaths: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Global Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 26, 2021

Background People from racial minority groups in western countries experience disproportionate socioeconomic and structural determinants of health disadvantages.These disadvantages have led to inequalities inequities care access poorer outcomes.We report disparities prevalence, hospitalisation, deaths COVID-19 by populations. MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search relevant databases identify studies reporting on hospitalisations, race between 01 January 2020 -15 April 2021.We grouped categories into Blacks, Hispanics, Whites Others.Random effects model using the method DerSimonian Laird were fitted, forest plot with respective ratio estimates 95% confidence interval (CI) for each category, subgroup meta-regression analyses overall pooled hospitalisation mortality rate presented. ResultsBlacks experienced significantly higher burden COVID-19: prevalence 1.79 (95% = 1.59-1.99),hospitalisation 1.87 CI 1.69-2.04),mortality 1.68 1.52-1.83),compared Whites: 0.70 0.0.64-0.77),hospitalisation 0.74 0.65-0.82),mortality 0.82 0.78-0.87).Also, Hispanics burden: 1.78 1.63-1.94),hospitalisation 1.32 1.08-1.55),mortality 0.94 0.84-1.04)compared Whites.A was also observed Other groups: 1.43 1.19-1.67),hospitalisation 1.12 0.89-1.35),mortality 1.06 0.89-1.23)compared Whites.The among Blacks remained following correction publication bias.Conclusions been disproportionately affected COVID-19.This is deeply concerning highlights systemically entrenched (social, economic, political) minorities countries; this study underscores need address these communities improve outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Diabetes, hypertension, body mass index, smoking and COVID-19-related mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. e052777 - e052777

Published: Oct. 1, 2021

We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of observational studies to investigate the association between diabetes, hypertension, body mass index (BMI) or smoking with risk death in patients COVID-19 estimate proportion deaths attributable these conditions.

Language: Английский

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Association of Obesity With COVID-19 Severity and Mortality: An Updated Systemic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 3, 2022

Background Obesity affects the course of critical illnesses. We aimed to estimate association obesity with severity and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Data Sources A systematic search was conducted from inception COVID-19 pandemic through 13 October 2021, on databases including Medline (PubMed), Embase, Science Web, Cochrane Central Controlled Trials Registry. Preprint servers such as BioRxiv, MedRxiv, ChemRxiv, SSRN were also scanned. Study Selection Extraction Full-length articles focusing outcome patients included. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analysis guidelines used study selection data extraction. Our Population interest positive patients, is our Intervention/Exposure point, Comparators are Non-obese vs obese The chief confirmed hospitalized terms admission intensive care unit (ICU) or requirement invasive mechanical ventilation/intubation obesity. All-cause secondary study. Results In total, 3,140,413 167 studies included associated an increased risk severe (RR=1.52, 95% CI 1.41-1.63, p<0.001, I 2 = 97%). Similarly, high observed (RR=1.09, 1.02-1.16, p=0.006, multivariate meta-regression severity, covariate female gender, pulmonary disease, diabetes, older age, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension found be significant explained R 40% between-study heterogeneity severity. aforementioned covariates well, these collectively 50% variability mortality. Conclusions findings suggest that significantly higher among Therefore, inclusion its surrogate body mass index prognostic scores improvement patient management recommended.

Language: Английский

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Progress in Understanding Metabolic Syndrome and Knowledge of Its Complex Pathophysiology

Diabetology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 134 - 159

Published: April 12, 2023

The metabolic syndrome (MetS), first introduced by Haller in 1975, was sometimes also known as insulin resistance syndrome, X, and plurimetabolic syndrome. In 1989, it rechristened Kaplan the “Deadly Quartet” based on a consolidation of central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, systemic hypertension. MetS is positively associated with pro-inflammatory pro-thrombotic state, attributed to increased inflammatory marker activity. Moreover, frequently atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, hyperuricemia, obstructive sleep apnea, chronic kidney disease. Despite concerted endeavors worldwide, complexity pathophysiology still needs be clearly understood. Currently, therapeutic possibilities are confined individual therapy for hyperglycemia, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, regular physical exercise, restricted diet. this review, progress regarding understanding MetS; recent emerging technologies, such metabolomics proteomics; relation diabetes, diseases; association COVID-19 discussed.

Language: Английский

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Impact of obesity on COVID-19 patients

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 35(3), P. 107817 - 107817

Published: Nov. 26, 2020

Language: Английский

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Obesity and mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure

International Journal of Obesity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 45(9), P. 2028 - 2037

Published: June 10, 2021

Language: Английский

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sleep Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 82, P. 47 - 53

Published: April 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Time to recovery from COVID-19 and its predictors among patients admitted to treatment center of Wollega University Referral Hospital (WURH), Western Ethiopia: Survival analysis of retrospective cohort study

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. e0252389 - e0252389

Published: June 10, 2021

Introduction Despite its alarming spread throughout the world, no effective drug and vaccine is discovered for COVID-19 so far. According to WHO, recovery time from was estimated be 2 weeks patients with mild infection, 3 6 those serious illnesses. A studies regarding median predictors are limited globally specifically in Ethiopia. Therefore, aim of this study estimate among cases admitted WURH, Western Ethiopian. Methods This a hospital-based retrospective cohort conducted 263 adult WURH treatment center March 29, 2020 through September 30, 2020. Epidata version 3.2 used data entry, STATA 14 analysis. Cox proportional hazard regression model fitted determine factors associated time. variable P-value ≤ 0.25 at bivariable analysis were selected multivariable model. Multivariable 95% CI Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) identify significant predictor < 0.05. Results The mean age patient 36.8 (SD± 10.68) years. At end follow up, two hundred twenty seven observations developed an event (recovered) 18 days IQR 10–27 days. overall incidence rate 4.38 per 100 (95% CI: 3.84, 4.99) person-days observations. Being older (AHR = 1.59, 1.02, 2.49), presence fever on admission 1.78, 1.21, 2.62), comorbidity 0.56, CI, 0.34, 0.90) found have statistically association Conclusion recommendations In general, long, such as group, fever, independent delayed COVID-19. Intervention further reduce has focus shows symptoms comorbidities.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic Syndrome and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(12), P. e2140568 - e2140568

Published: Dec. 22, 2021

Importance

Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are common comorbidities in patients with severe COVID-19, yet little is known about the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or death COVID-19 metabolic syndrome.

Objective

To determine whether associated an increased ARDS from COVID-19.

Design, Setting, Participants

This multicenter cohort study used data Society Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Respiratory Illness Universal Study collected 181 hospitals across 26 countries February 15, 2020, to 18, 2021. Outcomes were compared between (defined as ≥3 following criteria: obesity, prediabetes hypertension, dyslipidemia) a control population without Participants included adult hospitalized for during period who had completed discharge status. Data analyzed 22 October 5,

Exposures

Exposures SARS-CoV-2 infection, syndrome, and/or dyslipidemia.

Main Measures

The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes ARDS, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, need invasive mechanical ventilation, length stay (LOS).

Results

Among 46 441 29 040 (mean [SD] age, 61.2 [17.8] years; 13 059 [45.0%] women 15713 [54.1%] men; 6797 Black [23.4%], 5325 Hispanic [18.3%], 16 507 White [57.8%]) met inclusion criteria. A total 5069 (17.5%) 23 971 (82.5%) In adjusted analyses, ICU admission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.32 [95% CI, 1.14-1.53]), ventilation (aOR, 1.45 1.28-1.65]), 1.36 1.12-1.66]), mortality 1.19 1.08-1.31]) prolonged hospital LOS (median [IQR], 8.0 [4.2-15.8] days vs 6.8 [3.4-13.0] days;P < .001) 7.0 [2.8-15.0] 6.4 [2.7-13.0] .001). Each additional criterion additive fashion (1 criterion: 1147 [10.4%];P = .83; 2 1191 [15.3%];P .001; 3 817 [19.3%];P 4 203 [24.3%];P

Conclusions Relevance

These findings suggest that risks association cumulative each criteria present.

Language: Английский

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A narrative review on characterization of acute respiratory distress syndrome in COVID-19-infected lungs using artificial intelligence

Computers in Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 130, P. 104210 - 104210

Published: Jan. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

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