Comparative aspects of implantation

Reproduction, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 138(2), P. 195 - 209

Published: June 6, 2009

Uterine receptivity to implantation of blastocysts in mammals includes hatching from zona pellucida, precontact with uterine luminal (LE) and superficial glandular (sGE) epithelia orientation blastocyst, apposition between trophectoderm LE sGE, adhesion LE/sGE, and, some species, limited or extensive invasion into the endometrial stroma induction decidualization stromal cells. These peri-implantation events are prerequisites for pregnancy recognition signaling, implantation, placentation required fetal–placental growth development through remainder pregnancy. Although there is a range strategies mammals, common feature requirement progesterone (P 4 ) downregulate expression its receptors P prior events. then mediates effects via factors expressed by cells most species; however, epithelium may express factor response and/or estrogens species true epitheliochorial placenta. There also compelling evidence that involves temporal cell-specific interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes be induced directly an IFN stimulated IFN. have many roles including nutrient transport, cellular remodeling, angiogenesis relaxation vascular tissues, cell proliferation migration, establishment antiviral state, protection conceptus tissues challenges maternal immune

Language: Английский

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Progesterone and Placental Hormone Actions on the Uterus: Insights from Domestic Animals1

Biology of Reproduction, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 71(1), P. 2 - 10

Published: July 1, 2004

Progesterone is unequivocally required for maternal support of conceptus (embryo/fetus and associated extraembryonic membranes) survival development. In cyclic sheep, progesterone paradoxically involved in suppressing then initiating development the endometrial luteolytic mechanism. pregnant negatively autoregulates receptor (PR) gene expression luminal (LE) superficial glandular epithelium (GE). PR loss closely followed by increases epithelial estrogen (ERα) oxytocin (OTR), allowing to induce uterine release prostaglandin F2α pulses. produces interferon tau (IFNτ) that acts on endometrium inhibit transcription ERα thus After Day 13 pregnancy, epithelia do not express PR, whereas stroma myometrium remain positive. The absence GE onset differentiated function glands during pregnancy. sequential, overlapping actions progesterone, IFNτ, placental lactogen (PL), growth hormone (GH) comprise a hormonal servomechanism regulates gland morphogenesis terminal gestation. pigs, estrogen, pregnancy-recognition signal, fibroblast factor 7 (FGF-7) LE that, turn, stimulates proliferation functions trophectoderm, which expresses FGF-7. Strategic manipulation these physiological mechanisms may offer therapeutic schemes improve capacity, survival, reproductive health domestic animals humans.

Language: Английский

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Novel pathways for implantation and establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in mammals

Molecular Human Reproduction, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 135 - 152

Published: Oct. 30, 2009

Uterine receptivity to implantation varies among species, and involves changes in expression of genes that are coordinate with attachment trophectoderm uterine lumenal superficial glandular epithelia, modification phenotype stromal cells, silencing receptors for progesterone estrogen, suppression immune recognition, alterations membrane permeability enhance conceptus-maternal exchange factors, angiogenesis vasculogenesis, increased vascularity the endometrium, activation transport nutrients into lumen, enhanced signaling pregnancy recognition.Differential by epithelial cells response progesterone, glucocorticoids, prostaglandins interferons may influence mammals.Uterine is progesterone-dependent; however, preceded loss (PGR) so most likely acts via PGR-positive throughout pregnancy.Endogenous retroviruses expressed uterus and/or blastocyst also affect placentation various species.Understanding roles variety hormones, growth factors endogenous retroviral proteins essential enhancing reproductive health fertility humans domestic animals.

Language: Английский

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Pregnancy recognition and conceptus implantation in domestic ruminants: roles of progesterone, interferons and endogenous retroviruses

Reproduction Fertility and Development, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 65 - 65

Published: Dec. 21, 2006

The present review highlights new information on pregnancy recognition and conceptus development implantation in sheep with respect to regulation by progesterone, interferons endogenous retroviruses. After formation of the corpus luteum, progesterone acts endometrium stimulates blastocyst growth elongation a filamentous (embryo/fetus associated extra-embryonic membranes). envelope retroviruses related Jaagsiekte appears intrinsically regulate mononuclear trophectoderm cell proliferation differentiation into trophoblast giant binucleate cells. cells elongating conceptuses secrete interferon-τ, which prevent luteolytic mechanism inhibiting transcription gene for oestrogen receptor α luminal superficial ductal glandular epithelia. These actions oestrogen-induced oxytocin and, therefore, oxytocin-induced pulses prostaglandin F2α. Progesterone downregulation its receptors epithelia correlates temporally reduction anti-adhesive mucin 1and induction secreted galectin 15 (LGALS15) phosphoprotein 1, are proposed adhesion. Interferon-τ endometrial lumenal epithelium induce WNT7A stimulate LGALS15, cathepsin L cystatin C, candidate regulators implantation. number potential contributors maternal establishment continues grow this our limited appreciation complexity key molecules signal transduction pathways that intersect during these developmental processes. goal improving reproductive efficiency preventing embryonic losses occur peri-implantation period domestic ruminants provides challenge increase knowledge function development.

Language: Английский

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Genes involved in conceptus–endometrial interactions in ruminants: insights from reductionism and thoughts on holistic approaches

Reproduction, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 135(2), P. 165 - 179

Published: Jan. 31, 2008

This review summarizes new knowledge on expression of genes and provides insights into approaches for study conceptus-endometrial interactions in ruminants with emphasis the peri-implantation stage pregnancy. Conceptus-endometrial are complex involve carefully orchestrated temporal spatial alterations gene regulated by hormones from ovary conceptus. Progesterone is hormone pregnancy acts uterus to stimulate blastocyst survival, growth, development. Inadequate progesterone levels or a delayed rise associated loss. The mononuclear trophectoderm cells elongating synthesize secrete interferon-tau (IFNT), recognition signal. Trophoblast giant binucleate begin differentiate produce including chorionic somatomammotropin 1 (CSH1 placental lactogen). A number genes, induced stimulated progesterone, IFNT, and/or CSH1 cell-specific manner, implicated adhesion endometrial luminal epithelium regulation conceptus growth differentiation. Transcriptional profiling experiments beginning unravel dynamics cattle sheep. Future should incorporate physiological models loss be complemented metabolomic studies uterine lumen contents more completely define factors required implantation. Both reduction holistic will important understand multifactorial phenomenon recurrent provide basis strategies improve outcome reproductive efficiency other domestic animals.

Language: Английский

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Correlation of Osteopontin Protein Expression and Pathological Stage across a Wide Variety of Tumor Histologies

Clinical Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 184 - 190

Published: Jan. 1, 2004

Osteopontin (OPN) is an integrin-binding protein overexpressed in various experimental models of malignancy and appears to be involved tumorigenesis metastasis. Although studies have assessed OPN levels several tumor types, a broad survey expression human neoplasia under the same conditions has not been carried out.We used immunohistochemistry detect selection 350 tumors 113 normal tissues, from variety body sites, using stage-oriented cancer tissue arrays. Tumors included malignancies breast (26), ovary (22), endometrium (14), esophagus (10), stomach (11), pancreas (16), bile duct (1), liver (9), colon (20), kidney (53), bladder (33), prostate (28), head neck (60), salivary glands lung (17), skin (6), brain (10).High cytoplasmic staining was observed 100% gastric carcinomas, 85% colorectal 82% transitional cell carcinomas renal pelvis, 81% pancreatic 72% 71% endometrial 70% esophageal 58% squamous neck, 59% ovarian carcinomas. identified good number bladder, prostate, tumors, majority 6 cancers, 11 14 gland 2 thyroid 23 26 cancers revealed low positivity or were negative. When considering all significantly correlated with stage (Spearman's correlation coefficient, P = 0.0002). score also for specific sites including (P 0.01), 0.004), 0.0001), larynx 0.035), mouth 0.046), 0.011).This study reports distribution different suggesting involvement this formation. The strong between pathological across multiple types suggests role progression.

Language: Английский

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Implantation mechanisms: insights from the sheep

Reproduction, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 128(6), P. 657 - 668

Published: Dec. 1, 2004

Implantation in all mammals involves shedding of the zona pellucida, followed by orientation, apposition, attachment and adhesion blastocyst to endometrium. Endometrial invasion does not occur domestic ruminants; thus, definitive implantation is achieved mononuclear trophoblast cells endometrial lumenal epithelium (LE) formation syncytia fusion binucleate with LE. This review highlights new information on mechanisms regulating cascade sheep. The embryo enters uterus day 4 at morula stage development then develops into a 6. sheds pellucida (day 8), elongates filamentous form (days 11–16), adheres LE 16). Between days 14 16, begin differentiate subsequently migrate fuse syncytia. Continuous exposure endometrium progesterone early pregnancy downregulates receptors epithelia, process which associated loss cell-surface mucin MUC1 induction several secreted proteins. Recurrent uterine gland knockout ewe model indicates that secretions epithelia have physiologic role elongation implantation. A number proteins been identified as potential regulators sheep, including glycosylated cell molecule 1 (GlyCAM-1), galectin-15, integrins osteopontin. epithelial derived (GlyCAM-1, galectin-15 osteopontin) are expressed dynamic temporal spatial manner regulated and/or interferon tau, recognition signal produced during elongation. noninvasive protracted nature animals provides valuable opportunities investigate fundamental processes shared among mammals. Understanding cellular molecular signals regulate receptivity can be used diagnose identify causes recurrent improve outcome humans.

Language: Английский

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Prostaglandins and reproduction in female farm animals

The Veterinary Journal, Journal Year: 2005, Volume and Issue: 171(2), P. 206 - 228

Published: Jan. 29, 2005

Language: Английский

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Conceptus signals for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy.

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: July 5, 2004

Establishment and maintenance of pregnancy results from signaling by the conceptus (embryo/fetus associated extraembryonic membranes) requires progesterone produced corpus luteum (CL). In most mammals, hormones trophoblast maintain production acting directly or indirectly to CL. domestic animals (ruminants pigs), are antiluteolytic in that they act on endometrium prevent uterine release luteolytic prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF). cyclic pregnant sheep, negatively autoregulates expression receptor (PR) gene endometrial luminal (LE) superficial glandular epithelium (GE). Available evidence sheep indicates loss PR is closely followed increases epithelial estrogen receptors (ER) then oxytocin (OTR), allowing induce PGF pulses. produces interferon tau (IFN tau) acts inhibit transcription ER OTR abrogate development mechanism. Subsequently, sequential, overlapping actions progesterone, IFN tau, placental lactogen (PL) growth hormone (GH) comprise a hormonal servomechanism regulates gland morphogenesis terminal differentiated function sheep. pigs, alters direction secretion an endocrine exocrine direction, thereby sequestering within lumen. Conceptus also fibroblast factor 7 (FGF-7) LE that, turn, stimulates proliferation functions trophectoderm, which expresses FGF-7 receptor. Strategic manipulation these physiological mechanisms can offer therapeutic schemes improve capacity, survival reproductive health.

Language: Английский

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Conceptus signals for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy

Animal Reproduction Science, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 82-83, P. 537 - 550

Published: May 30, 2004

Language: Английский

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