International Journal of General Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 16, P. 5579 - 5586
Published: Nov. 1, 2023
Apolipoprotein
E
(APOE)
plays
an
important
role
in
the
lipid
metabolism.
APOE
polymorphisms
have
been
implicated
susceptibility
to
diabetes
mellitus
(DM).
However,
association
between
and
risk
of
DM
among
hypertensive
patients
remains
unclear.
Our
study
aimed
evaluate
this
relationship
provide
clues
for
further
developing
patients.The
included
808
with
1226
without
as
controls.
The
388T>C
(rs429358)
526C>T
(rs7412)
were
genotyped
by
polymerase
chain
reaction
(PCR)
-
microarray.
Differences
genotypes
subjects
controls
compared.
To
analyze
risk,
multiple
logistic
regression
analysis
was
performed
after
adjusting
gender,
age,
smoking
history,
drinking
history.The
E2/E4,
E3/E3
genotype
ε2,
ε3
allele
frequency
had
significant
difference
(P<0.05).
ɛ4
lower
level
high-density
lipoprotein
cholesterol
(HDL-C)
higher
apolipoprotein
B
(ApoB)
than
those
ɛ2
allele.
results
indicated
that
E2/E3
adjusted
OR=1.350
(95%
Cl=1.009-1.806,
P=0.043)
E3/E4
OR=1.325
Cl=1.034-1699,
P=0.026)
may
be
independent
factors
DM.APOE
patients.
Current Issues in Molecular Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
45(8), P. 6651 - 6666
Published: Aug. 12, 2023
Oxidative
stress
is
a
critical
factor
in
the
pathogenesis
and
progression
of
diabetes
its
associated
complications.
The
imbalance
between
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
production
body’s
antioxidant
defence
mechanisms
leads
to
cellular
damage
dysfunction.
In
diabetes,
chronic
hyperglycaemia
mitochondrial
dysfunction
contribute
increased
ROS
production,
further
exacerbating
oxidative
stress.
This
burden
adversely
affects
various
aspects
including
impaired
beta-cell
function
insulin
resistance,
leading
disrupted
glucose
regulation.
Additionally,
stress-induced
blood
vessels
endothelial
development
diabetic
vascular
complications
such
as
retinopathy,
nephropathy,
cardiovascular
diseases.
Moreover,
organs
tissues
throughout
body,
kidneys,
nerves,
eyes,
are
vulnerable
stress,
resulting
neuropathy,
retinopathy.
Strategies
mitigate
include
therapy,
lifestyle
modifications,
effective
management
hyperglycaemia.
However,
research
necessary
comprehensively
understand
underlying
evaluate
efficacy
interventions
preventing
treating
By
addressing
it
might
be
possible
alleviate
improve
patient
outcomes.
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: March 15, 2024
Abstract
Objective
Dyslipidemia
is
a
co-existing
problem
in
patients
with
diabetes
mellitus
(DM)
and
coronary
artery
disease
(CAD),
apolipoprotein
E
(APOE)
plays
an
important
role
lipid
metabolism.
However,
the
relationship
between
APOE
gene
polymorphisms
risk
of
developing
CAD
type
2
DM
(T2DM)
remains
controversial.
The
aim
this
study
was
to
assess
provide
reference
for
further
assessment
T2DM
patients.
Methods
included
378
complicated
(T2DM
+
CAD)
431
alone
case
group,
351
individuals
without
were
set
as
controls.
rs429358
rs7412
genotyped
by
polymerase
chain
reaction
(PCR)
-
microarray.
Differences
genotypes
alleles
controls
compared.
Multiple
logistic
regression
analysis
performed
after
adjusting
age,
gender,
body
mass
index
(BMI),
history
smoking,
drinking
access
risk.
Results
frequencies
ɛ3/ɛ4
genotype
ε4
allele
higher
patients,
ɛ3/ɛ3
ε3
lower
than
those
(all
p
<
0.05).
ɛ4
had
level
low-density
lipoprotein
cholesterol
(LDL-C)
ɛ2
ɛ3
(
results
showed
that
age
≥
60
years
old,
BMI
24.0
kg/m
independent
factors
CAD,
(adjusted
odds
ratio
(OR)
=
1.93,
95%
confidence
interval
(CI)
1.18–3.14,
0.008)
OR
1.97,
CI
1.23–3.17)
CAD.
not
found
have
T2DM.
Conclusions
ε3/ε4
but
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
72(20), P. 11503 - 11514
Published: April 18, 2024
The
fruits
of
Rosa
roxburghii
Tratt.
are
edible
nutritional
food
with
high
medicinal
value
and
have
been
traditionally
used
as
Chinese
folk
medicine
for
a
long
time.
In
this
study,
26
triterpenoids
including
four
new
pentacyclic
triterpenoids,
roxbuterpenes
A–D
(1,
4,
5,
24),
along
22
known
analogues
(2,
3,
6–23,
25,
26),
were
isolated
from
the
R.
roxburghii.
Their
chemical
structures
determined
on
basis
extensive
spectroscopic
analyses
(including
IR,
HRESIMS
NMR
spectroscopy).
absolute
configuration
roxbuterpene
A
(1)
was
by
an
X-ray
crystallographic
analysis.
This
is
first
report
crystal
structure
5/6/6/6/6-fused
system
triterpenoid.
Notably,
B
(1
4)
possessed
A-ring
contracted
triterpenoid
nortriterpenoid
skeletons
rare
system,
respectively.
Compounds
1–7,
11,
13–15,
18–20,
24,
25
exhibited
moderate
or
potent
inhibitory
activities
against
α-glucosidase.
2,
6,
14
showed
strong
α-glucosidase
IC50
values
8.4
±
1.6,
7.3
2.2,
13.6
1.4,
0.9
0.4,
12.5
2.4
μM,
respectively
(positive
control
acarbose,
10.1
0.8
μM).
13,
14,
16
moderately
inhibited
release
NO
(nitric
oxide)
ranging
25.1
2.0
to
51.4
3.1
μM.
Furthermore,
expressions
TNF-α
(tumor
necrosis
factor-α)
IL-6
(interleukin-6)
detected
ELISA
(enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay),
compounds
effects
in
dose-dependent
manner
50
Advances in Medical Pharmaceutical and Dental Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(1), P. 1 - 1
Published: March 15, 2024
Persistent
hyperglycemia
leading
to
oxidative
stress
and
inflammatory
response
contributes
the
pathology
of
diabetes.
This
study
investigated
antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory,
antidiabetic
potential
Ximenia
americana
(XA)
L.
Olacaceae
in
silico
exploring
its
possible
mechanism
action.
The
was
carried
out
by
molecular
docking
compounds
present
XA
with
targets
followed
dynamics
simulation.
Stigmasterol
exhibited
lowest
respective
binding
affinity
inhibition
constant
xanthine
oxidases
(-8.7
kcal/mol
4.13
×10
-1
µM),
cytochrome
p450
21A2
(-11.5
3.64
×
10
-3
myeloperoxidase
(-10
4.59
-2
phospholipase
A2
(-9.3
1.50
inducible
nitric
oxide
synthase
(-10.8
1.19
11β
hydroxy-steroid
dehydrogenase
1
(-9.4
1.27×10
alpha-amylase
(-9.6
µM)
while
4,4-Dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol
showed
least
BA
(-7.6
kcal/mol)
Ki
(2.65
interleukin
associated
kinase
4.
Furthermore,
simulation
shows
high
residue
displacements
up
6.11,
3.69,
4.97,
5.24,
4.21,
4.41,
5.80,
5.76
Å
for
oxidase,
21A2,
myeloperoxidase,
A2,
synthase,
4,
alpha-amylase,
1,
respectively.
Conclusively,
stigmasterol
might
be
key
involved
activity
via
enzymes
stress,
inflammation,
Received:
13
October
2023
Accepted:
20
February
2024
Published:
15
March
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: April 5, 2024
Abstract
Bisphenol-A
(BPA)
is
widely
used
in
food
packaging
and
household
products,
leading
to
daily
human
exposure
potential
health
risks
including
metabolic
diseases
like
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM).
Understanding
BPA's
mechanisms
developing
intervention
strategies
urgent.
Centella
asiatica
,
a
traditional
herbal
medicine
containing
pentacyclic
triterpenoids,
shows
promise
due
its
antioxidant
anti-inflammatory
properties,
utilized
for
centuries
Ayurvedic
therapy.
We
investigated
the
effect
of
(CA)
ethanol
extract
on
BPA-induced
pancreatic
islet
toxicity
male
Swiss
albino
mice.
BPA
administration
(10
100
μg/kg
body
weight,
twice
daily)
21
days
caused
glucose
homeostasis
disturbances,
insulin
resistance,
dysfunction,
which
were
partially
mitigated
by
CA
supplementation
(200
400
mg/kg
weight).
Additionally,
heightened
oxidative
stress,
elevated
levels
proinflammatory
cytokines,
loss
mitochondrial
membrane
(MMP),
abnormal
cell
cycle,
increased
apoptosis
implicated
detrimental
impact
endocrine
pancreas
effectively
counteracted
supplementation.
In
summary,
demonstrated
significant
ability
mitigate
apoptosis,
modulate
redox
homeostasis,
alleviate
inflammation,
preserve
MMP,
regulate
cycle.
As
result,
emerged
as
potent
agent
neutralizing
diabetogenic
effects
considerable
extent.
Data
suggest
malfunctioning
mitochondria
reduce
oxidation
and
adenosine
triphosphate
(ATP)
production,
disrupting
insulin
signalling.
Cytochrome
c
(CC),
acylcarnitine
(AC)
citrate
synthase
(CS)
are
essential
components
of
the
machinery
can
be
used
as
reliable
biomarkers
mitochondrial
dysfunction.
This
study
aimed
to
determine
whether
(AC,
CS
CC)
altered
in
individuals
with
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM)
examine
association
between
these
resistance.
Journal of Diabetes Investigation,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 27, 2025
Growth
differentiation
factor-15
(GDF-15)
is
an
inflammatory
cytokine
that
increases
in
prediabetes
and
known
for
its
anorexigenic
effects.
This
study
aims
to
evaluate
the
effects
of
a
12-week
exercise
program
on
GDF-15
individuals
with
prediabetes.
In
this
multicenter,
parallel-group,
randomized-controlled
trial,
64
patients
aged
18-60
diagnosed
were
randomized
1:1
ratio
into
group
(E)
control
(C).
Additionally,
32
who
planned
start
metformin
included
(M).
Participants
engaged
aerobic
at
50-70%
their
maximum
heart
rate
60
min,
3
days
week.
Serum
levels
evaluated
beginning
end
12th
The
mean
age
91
participants
completed
was
46.13
±
8.52
years,
23.1%
male.
Basal
similar
among
groups
(E
=
668.6
415.1,
C
651.8
352.5,
M
603.6
387.2,
P
0.47).
At
week,
lower
E
compared
C,
while
higher
383.1
215.6,
556.4
285.6,
810.8
498.0,
<
0.001).
inter-group
comparisons,
no
significant
change
observed
between
0th
weeks,
decreased
(P
0.001)
increased
It
determined
prediabetes,
GDF-15,
which
serves
both
as
biomarker
metabolic
disorder
has
negative
regulatory
effect
appetite,
12
weeks
administration.
OBM Geriatrics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
09(01), P. 1 - 23
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
Sarcopenia
is
more
common
in
persons
with
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM)
than
without
diabetes.
There
overlap
of
some
pathophysiologic
features
sarcopenia
and
T2DM.
In
addition,
the
risk
for
associated
complications
T2DM
including
renal
disease,
cardiovascular
disease
neuropathy.
Glycemic
control
may
have
benefits
on
sarcopenia.
The
specific
effects
glucose
lowering
agents
suggest
that
metformin,
insulin,
thiazolidinediones
GLP1
receptor
agonists
favorable
while
SGLT2
inhibitors
an
adverse
effect.
However,
RA’s
been
outcomes
increased
heart
failure.
Thus
risk/benefit
ratio
overall
key
to
selection
agents.
Nutrition
guidelines
generally
align
recommendations
Data
aerobic
resistance
exercise
patients
very
limited,
but
data
a
benefit
exercises.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
25(1), P. 108 - 108
Published: Dec. 20, 2023
Diabetes
mellitus
is
a
chronic
metabolic
disease,
the
prevalence
of
which
constantly
increasing
worldwide.
It
often
burdened
by
disabling
comorbidities
that
reduce
quality
and
expectancy
life
affected
individuals.
The
traditional
complications
diabetes
are
generally
described
as
macrovascular
(e.g.,
coronary
heart
peripheral
arterial
stroke),
microvascular
diabetic
kidney
retinopathy,
neuropathy).
Recently,
due
to
advances
in
management
increased
patients,
strong
correlation
between
other
pathological
conditions
(such
liver
diseases,
cancer,
neurodegenerative
cognitive
impairments,
sleep
disorders)
has
emerged.
Therefore,
these
have
been
proposed
emerging
diabetes.
P66Shc
redox
protein
plays
role
oxidative
stress,
apoptosis,
glucose
metabolism,
cellular
aging.
can
be
regulated
various
stressful
stimuli
typical
milieu
involved
types
organ
tissue
damage
under
conditions.
Although
its
pathogenesis
remains
controversial,
there
evidence
regarding
involvement
p66Shc
In
this
review,
we
will
summarize
supporting
complications,
focusing
for
first
time
on
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
29(9), P. 1973 - 1973
Published: April 25, 2024
The
research
about
α-methylene-γ-lactams
is
scarce;
however,
their
synthesis
has
emerged
in
recent
years
mainly
because
they
are
isosters
of
α-methylene-γ-lactones.
This
last
kind
compound
structurally
most
common
some
natural
products'
nuclei,
like
sesquiterpene
lactones
that
show
biological
activity
such
as
anti-inflammatory,
anticancer,
antibacterial,
etc.,
effects.
In
this
work,
seven
were
evaluated
by
inflammation
and
α-glucosidase
inhibition.
Thus,
compounds
