Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 17, 2025
Language: Английский
Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14
Published: Jan. 16, 2024
Topical drug delivery is widely used in various diseases because of the advantages not passing through gastrointestinal tract, avoiding irritation and hepatic first-pass effect, reaching lesion directly to reduce unnecessary adverse reactions. The skin helps organism defend itself against a huge majority external aggressions one most important lines defense body. However, skin’s strong barrier ability also obstacle effectiveness topical medications. Allowing bioactive, composition pass stratum corneum as needed reach target site essential need for exert its therapeutic effect. state barrier, choice system composition, individualized disease detection dosing planning influence Nowadays, enhancing transdermal absorption topically applied drugs hottest research area. first improve all drugs. Excessive enhances accumulation at non-target sites occurrence This paper introduces strategies from three perspectives: delivery, describes current status shortcomings research, provides new directions ideas research.
Language: Английский
Citations
17
Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(9), P. 113121 - 113121
Published: Sept. 1, 2023
Sebaceous glands (SGs) release oils that protect our skin, but how these respond to injury has not been previously examined. Here, we report SGs are largely self-renewed by dedicated stem cell pools during homeostasis. Using targeted single-cell RNA sequencing, uncovered both direct and indirect paths which resident SG progenitors ordinarily differentiate into sebocytes, including transit through a Krt5+PPARγ+ transitional basal state. Upon skin injury, however, depart their niche, reepithelialize the wound, replaced hair-follicle-derived cells. Furthermore, following genetic ablation of >99% from dorsal unexpectedly regenerate within weeks. This regenerative process is mediated alternative cells originating hair follicle bulge, dependent upon FGFR2 signaling, can be accelerated inducing growth. Altogether, studies demonstrate plasticity promotes durability injury.
Language: Английский
Citations
30
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Feb. 16, 2024
Sebaceous glands drive acne, however, their role in other inflammatory skin diseases remains unclear. To shed light on potential contribution to disease development, we investigated the spatial transcriptome of sebaceous psoriasis and atopic dermatitis patients across lesional non-lesional human samples. Both expressed genes encoding key proteins for lipid metabolism transport such as ALOX15B, APOC1, FABP7, FADS1/2, FASN, PPARG , RARRES1. Also, inflammation-related SAA1 was identified a common spatially variable gene. In dermatitis, mainly related (e.g. ACAD8, FADS6 or EBP) well disease-specific genes, i.e., Th2 lipid-regulating HSD3B1 were differentially expressed. On contrary, psoriasis, more SERPINF1 FKBP5 IFIT1/3, DDX58 ) identified. Other psoriasis-specific enriched pathways included ACOT4, S1PR3) keratinization LCE5A, KRT5/7/16 ), neutrophil degranulation, antimicrobial peptides LTF, DEFB4A, S100A7-9 ). conclusion, our results show that contribute homeostasis with cell type-specific metabolism, which is influenced by microenvironment. These findings further support are not bystanders diseases, but can actively modulate inflammation manner.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(22), P. 2600 - 2600
Published: Nov. 10, 2023
This review on acne transcriptomics allows for deeper insights into the pathogenesis of and isotretinoin's mode action. Puberty-induced insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin androgen signaling activate kinase AKT mechanistic target rapamycin complex (mTORC1). A Western diet (hyperglycemic carbohydrates milk/dairy products) also co-stimulates AKT/mTORC1 signaling. The AKT-mediated phosphorylation nuclear FoxO1 FoxO3 results in their extrusion cytoplasm, a critical switch which enhances transactivation lipogenic proinflammatory transcription factors, including receptor (AR), sterol regulatory element-binding (SREBF1), peroxisome proliferator-activated γ (PPARγ) signal transducer activator 3 (STAT3), but reduces FoxO1-dependent expression GATA binding protein 6 (GATA6), key infundibular keratinocyte homeostasis. p53-binding MDM2 promotes degradation p53. In contrast, isotretinoin p53, sebaceous glands patients. overexpression these proapoptotic factors explains desirable sebum-suppressive effect via induction sebocyte apoptosis depletion BLIMP1(+) progenitor cells; it its adverse effects, teratogenicity (neural crest cell apoptosis), reduced ovarian reserve (granulosa risk depression (the hypothalamic neurons), VLDL hyperlipidemia, intracranial hypertension dry skin.
Language: Английский
Citations
21
Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(8), P. 1793 - 1793
Published: April 15, 2024
Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with recurring nature that seriously impacts patients’ quality of life. Currently, antibiotic resistance has made it less effective in treating acne. However, Paris polyphylla (P. polyphylla) valuable medicinal plant wide range chemical components. Of these, P. saponins modulate the effects vivo and vitro through antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant effects. primarily associated reactions, abnormal sebum function, micro-ecological disorders, hair follicle hyperkeratosis, and, some patients, immune function. Therefore, role their values acne worthy investigation. Overall, this review first describes distribution characteristics pathogenesis Then, potential mechanisms are listed detail (reduction response, antibacterial action, modulation response effects, etc.). In addition, brief description composition its available extraction methods described. We hope can serve as quick detailed reference for future studies on treatment.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 728 - 728
Published: June 19, 2024
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a transcription factor expressed in many tissues, including skin, where it essential for maintaining skin barrier permeability, regulating cell proliferation/differentiation, and modulating antioxidant inflammatory responses upon ligand binding. Therefore, PPARγ activation has important implications homeostasis. Over the past 20 years, with increasing interest role of PPARs physiopathology, considerable effort been devoted to development ligands as therapeutic option disorders. In addition, also regulates sebocyte differentiation lipid production, making potential target sebaceous disorders such acne. A large number studies suggest that acts tumor suppressor both melanoma non-melanoma cancers, but its tumorigenesis remains controversial. this review, we have summarized current state research into health disease how may provide starting point more potent selective low toxicity profile, thereby reducing unwanted side effects.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Frontiers in Allergy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5
Published: July 10, 2024
Allergy and its manifestations were first appreciated in the 1870 s. Today, mechanism by which specific substances elicit allergic reactions remains poorly understood. This is problematic from a healthcare perspective because prevalence of disease societal costs are substantial. Regarding mechanistic understanding allergy, new proposal, The Acari Hypothesis, has been forwarded. borne consideration alpha-gal syndrome, postulates that acarians, i.e., mites ticks, operative agents allergy. By way their pathogenic payloads salivary pattern recognition receptor(s), acarians potentiate human hosts generation IgE against acarian dietary elements. Those elements account for most, if not all, known allergens. Inasmuch as acarian—human interactions occur on epithelial surfaces, it to be expected factors influence presence and/or operation those surfaces expression diseases. In this report, proposed two adaptations catarrhine primates, Old World monkeys, apes humans, evolved deter species: firstly, expansion eccrine glands across entirety body surface area, and, secondly, secretion sweat glands. Contemporary hygienic practices reduce disrupt likely responsible increase seen today.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
The Ocular Surface, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30, P. 298 - 306
Published: Oct. 1, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
16
Journal of Dermatological Treatment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(1)
Published: Dec. 26, 2023
Sebum physiology and its contributions to acne vulgaris (AV) pathophysiology have been long debated. Within the pilosebaceous unit, androgens drive sebocyte production of sebum, comprising mono-, di-, triglycerides (the latter converted fatty acids); squalene; cholesterol; cholesterol esters; wax esters. Upon release skin surface, human sebum has important roles in epidermal water retention, antimicrobial defenses, innate immune responses.Alterations alone with other pathogenic factors (inflammation, follicular hyperkeratinization, Cutibacterium acnes [C. acnes] proliferation) contribute AV pathophysiology. Androgen-driven production, mandatory for development, propagates C. proliferation upregulates inflammatory comedogenic cascades.Some lipids effects isolation, content alterations (including elevations specific acids) pathogenesis. Regional differences facial coupled patient characteristics sex age), help exemplify this link between lesion formation.To date, only combined oral contraceptives spironolactone (both limited female patients), isotretinoin topical clascoterone (cortexolone 17α-propionate) modulate patients AV. A better understanding mechanisms underlying sebaceous gland changes driving development is needed expand treatment armamentarium.
Language: Английский
Citations
15
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(7), P. 1415 - 1425
Published: March 27, 2023
Acne vulgaris provides a unique disease setting in which prominent skin inflammation is coupled with the overproduction of lipid-rich sebum.Our goal was to evaluate expression barrier molecules papular acne samples obtained from untreated patients and compare those results healthy papulopustular rosacea-involved ones at mRNA protein levels. In addition, we aimed assess effects various sebum composing lipids on proteins involved formation keratinocytes.Available microarray data sets rosacea-affected were re-analysed focus epidermal barrier-related pathways. Immunohistochemistry performed detect interfollicular regions human samples. Protein levels genes measured by western blot HaCaT keratinocytes treated selected lipids.Meta-analysis whole transcriptome revealed that pathways are significantly affected While an altered key maintaining functions such as filaggrin, keratin 1, involucrin, desmoglein kallikrein 5 7, also observed levels, our demonstrated may selectively modify molecules.Our suggest although not prominently dry rosacea skin, region be damaged acne. Furthermore, findings indicating diverse regulatory suggest, they influence moisturization well. Altogether, could have implications development sebum-modulating anti-acne therapies even care symptom-free skin.
Language: Английский
Citations
14