Polyelectrolytes Are Effective Cryoprotectants for Extracellular Vesicles DOI Creative Commons
Elżbieta Karnas, Mateusz Zając, Katarzyna Kmiotek‐Wasylewska

et al.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(51), P. 70174 - 70186

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been widely recognized as a heterogeneous group of membrane-coated submicrometer particles released by different types cells, including stem cells (SCs). Due to their ability harbor and transfer bioactive cargo into the recipient EVs reported important paracrine factors involved in regulation variety biological processes. Growing data demonstrate that may serve potential next-generation cell-free therapeutic factors. However, clinical application tissue regeneration requires development standardized procedures for long-term storage, without loss structural integrity activity. In current study, we developed procedure EV cryoprotection based on coating them with ultrathin polyelectrolyte bilayer consisting cationic poly(ethylene glycol)-block- poly(3-(methacryloylamino)propyl)trimethylammonium chloride) (PEGn-b-PMAPTACm) anionic poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS). Based nanoparticle tracking analysis, high-resolution flow cytometry, mass spectrometry, studied vesicle following single- or multiple freezing-thawing cycles storage. Additionally, evaluated effect cryopreservation functional activity vitro. Obtained indicate polyelectrolytes improves preserves proteomic analysis confirmed particle stabilization, well an enrichment proteins samples cryopreserved presence tested polymers. Taking together, our study indicates be novel, effective way facilitating storage preparations further use biomedical applications.

Language: Английский

Biogenesis and delivery of extracellular vesicles: harnessing the power of EVs for diagnostics and therapeutics DOI Creative Commons

Jivin Yu,

Saba Sane, Ji-Eun Kim

et al.

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles secreted by a variety of cell types. These encapsulate diverse range molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, metabolites, and even organelles derived from their parental cells. While EVs have emerged as crucial mediators intercellular communication, they also hold immense potential both biomarkers therapeutic agents for numerous diseases. A thorough understanding EV biogenesis is the development EV-based diagnostic developments since composition can reflect health disease status donor cell. Moreover, when taken up target cells, exert profound effects on gene expression, signaling pathways, cellular behavior, which makes these biomolecules enticing targets interventions. Yet, despite decades research, intricate processes underlying cells subsequent uptake recipient remain poorly understood. In this review, we aim to summarize current insights advancements in mechanisms EVs. By shedding light fundamental governing delivery, review underscores basic mechanistic research pave way developing novel strategies applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic Prospects DOI Open Access

Heloísa D’Ávila,

Claudia Natércia Rocha Lima,

Pollianne Garbero Rampinelli

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 640 - 640

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have a significant impact on the pathophysiological processes associated with various diseases such as tumors, inflammation, and infection. They exhibit molecular, biochemical, entry control characteristics similar to viral infections. Viruses, other hand, depend host metabolic machineries fulfill their biosynthetic requirements. Due potential advantages biocompatibility, biodegradation, efficient immune activation, EVs emerged therapeutic targets against SARS-CoV-2 Studies COVID-19 patients shown that they frequently dysregulated lipid profiles, which are an increased risk of severe repercussions. Lipid droplets (LDs) serve organelles roles in metabolism energy homeostasis well having wide range functions The down-modulation lipids, sphingolipid ceramide eicosanoids, or transcriptional factors involved lipogenesis seem inhibit multiplication, suggesting involvement virus replication pathogenesis highlighting for drug development. Hence, this review focuses role modulation mechanism system evasion during infection explores application delivering substances mitigate

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Cell Type-Specific Extracellular Vesicles and Their Impact on Health and Disease DOI Open Access
Sohil Amin,

Hamed Massoumi,

Deepshikha Tewari

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2730 - 2730

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a diverse group of cell-derived exocytosed particles, are pivotal in mediating intercellular communication due to their ability selectively transfer biomolecules specific cell types. EVs, composed proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, taken up by cells affect variety signaling cascades. Research the field has primarily focused on stem with particular focus mesenchymal cells, for potential therapeutic benefits. Recently, tissue-specific EVs or type-specific extracellular (CTS-EVs), have garnered attention unique biogenesis molecular composition because they enable highly targeted cell-specific communication. Various studies outlined roles that CTS-EVs play physiological function maintenance homeostasis, including immune modulation, tissue regeneration, organ development. These properties also exploited disease propagation, such as cancer, neurological disorders, infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, more. The insights gained from analyzing different biological not only enhance our understanding pathogenesis but open new avenues innovative diagnostic biomarkers targets wide spectrum medical conditions. This review comprehensively outlines current CTS-EV origins, within normal physiology, implications diseased states.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Current Strategies and Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Drug Delivery DOI Creative Commons

Yasunari Matsuzaka,

Ryu Yashiro

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 707 - 707

Published: May 30, 2024

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising approach for drug delivery strategies because of their unique properties. These include cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, cell-derived extracellular vesicles, immunomodulatory effects, cell-laden scaffolds, and scaffold-free sheets. MSCs offer advantages such low immunogenicity, homing ability, tumor tropism, making them ideal targeted systems. Stem vesicles gained attention immune properties tumor-homing abilities, presenting potential solution challenges. The relationship between MSC-based the self-renewal differentiation capabilities lies in engineered to serve effective carriers therapeutic agents while maintaining intrinsic exhibit potent immunosuppressive functions strategies. EVs immunogenicity strong tissue repair regeneration. Scaffold-free sheets represent cutting-edge regenerative medicine, offering versatile platform engineering regeneration across different medical specialties. shown great clinical applications medicine ability differentiate into various types, secrete bioactive factors, modulate responses. Researchers are exploring these innovative approaches enhance efficiency effectiveness treating diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Applications of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Nerve Regeneration DOI Open Access
Burçak Yavuz, Esra Cansever Mutlu, Zubair Ahmed

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 5863 - 5863

Published: May 28, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and other lipid derived from cells, play a pivotal role in intercellular communication by transferring information between cells. EVs secreted progenitor stem cells have been associated with the therapeutic effects observed cell-based therapies, they also contribute to tissue regeneration following injury, such as orthopaedic surgery cases. This review explores involvement of nerve regeneration, their potential drug carriers, significance cell research cell-free therapies. It underscores importance bioengineers comprehending manipulating EV activity optimize efficacy engineering regenerative

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Therapeutic Signaling in Spinal Cord Injury DOI Open Access
Raju Poongodi,

Yung‐Wei Hsu,

Tao-Hsiang Yang

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 723 - 723

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI). These nanosized possess unique properties such low immunogenicity and the ability to cross biological barriers, making them ideal carriers delivering bioactive molecules injured tissues. MSC-EVs been demonstrated exert multiple beneficial effects in SCI, including reducing inflammation, promoting neuroprotection, enhancing axonal regeneration. Recent studies delved into molecular mechanisms underlying MSC-EV-mediated effects. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) identified key regulators of various cellular processes involved SCI pathogenesis repair. miRNAs can influence oxidative stress, apoptosis by modulating gene expression. This review summarized current state MSC-EV-based therapies highlighting potential clinical applications. We discussed challenges limitations translating these practice, inconsistent EV production, complex cargo composition, need targeted delivery strategies. Future research should focus on optimizing production characterization, identifying miRNAs, developing innovative systems maximize SCI.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Isolation, identification, and challenges of extracellular vesicles: emerging players in clinical applications DOI
Xiaoxiao Ma, Linbo Peng, Xiaohui Zhu

et al.

APOPTOSIS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 10, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Biodelivery of therapeutic extracellular vesicles: should mononuclear phagocytes always be feared? DOI Creative Commons
Martyna Cieślik, Krzysztof Bryniarski, Katarzyna Nazimek

et al.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: July 5, 2023

At present, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered key candidates for cell-free therapies, including treatment of allergic and autoimmune diseases. However, their therapeutic effectiveness, dependent on proper targeting to the desired cells, is significantly limited due reduced bioavailability resulting from rapid clearance by cells mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). Thus, developing strategies avoid EV elimination essential when applying them in clinical practice. On other hand, malfunctioning MPS contributes various immune-related pathologies. Therapeutic reversal these effects with EVs would be beneficial could achieved, example, modulating macrophage phenotype or regulating antigen presentation dendritic cells. Additionally, intended macrophages replication repackaging molecules into new vesicle subtype can allow specific appropriate populations acceptor Herein, we briefly discuss under-explored aspects MPS-EV interactions that undoubtedly require further research order accelerate use EVs.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Enrichment, Characterization, and Proteomic Profiling of Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Limbal Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Melanocytes DOI Creative Commons

Sebastian Kistenmacher,

Melanie Schwämmle, Gottfried Martin

et al.

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 623 - 623

Published: April 4, 2024

Limbal epithelial progenitor cells (LEPC) rely on their niche environment for proper functionality and self-renewal. While extracellular vesicles (EV), specifically small EVs (sEV), have been proposed to support LEPC homeostasis, data sEV derived from limbal like mesenchymal stromal (LMSC) remain limited, there are no studies sEVs melanocytes (LM). In this study, we isolated conditioned media of LMSC LM using a combination tangential flow filtration size exclusion chromatography characterized them by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, Western blot, multiplex bead arrays, quantitative mass spectrometry. The internalization was studied cytometry confocal microscopy. exhibited typical EV characteristics, including cell-specific markers such as CD90 LMSC-sEV Melan-A LM-sEV. Bioinformatics analysis the proteomic suggested significant role in matrix deposition, with LMSC-derived containing proteins involved collagen remodeling cell adhesion, whereas LM-sEV were implicated other cellular bioprocesses pigmentation development. Moreover, fluorescently labeled taken up localized perinuclear compartment. These findings provide valuable insights into complex regulating human stem niche.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Extracellular RNA communication: A decade of NIH common fund support illuminates exRNA biology DOI Creative Commons
Sara M. Amolegbe,

Nicolas Johnston,

Angela Ambrosi

et al.

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract The discovery that extracellular RNAs (exRNA) can act as endocrine signalling molecules established a novel paradigm in intercellular communication. ExRNAs be transported, both locally and systemically virtually all body fluids. In association with an array of carrier vehicles varying complexity, exRNA alter target cell phenotype. This highlights the important role secreted exRNAs have regulating human health disease. NIH Common Fund Communication program was 2012 to accelerate catalyze progress biology field. addressed carriers, served generate foundational knowledge for field from basic future potential clinical applications biomarkers therapeutics. To address scientific challenges, developed tools technologies isolate carriers analyze their cargo. Here, we discuss outcomes program, well evolution through analysis publications funding. ExRNA associated use biomarkers, diagnostics, Recent translational include exRNA‐related repurposed diagnostics response COVID‐19 pandemic, vesicle‐based biomarker assays, drug delivery platforms. comprehensive landscape illustrates how discoveries innovations are being translated into commercial market clinic. Analysis funding trends demonstrate impact this program.

Language: Английский

Citations

0