National, regional, and global estimates of low birthweight in 2020, with trends from 2000: a systematic analysis

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 403(10431), P. 1071 - 1080

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Background Low birthweight (LBW; <2500 g) is an important predictor of health outcomes throughout the life course. We aimed to update country, regional, and global estimates LBW prevalence for 2020, with trends from 2000, assess progress towards targets reduce by 30% 2030. Methods For this systematic analysis, we searched population-based, nationally representative data on Jan 1, Dec 31, 2020. Using 2042 administrative survey datapoints 158 countries areas, developed a Bayesian hierarchical regression model incorporating country-specific intercepts, time-varying covariates, non-linear time trends, bias adjustments based quality. also provided novel subgroups. Findings An estimated 19·8 million (95% credible interval 18·4–21·7 million) or 14·7% (13·7–16·1) liveborn newborns were worldwide in compared 22·1 (20·7–23·9 16·6% (15·5–17·9) 2000—an absolute reduction 1·9 percentage points between 2000 2012 as baseline, when Global Nutrition Target began, average annual rate 2020 was 0·3% worldwide, 0·85% southern Asia, 0·59% sub-Saharan Africa. Nearly three-quarters births occurred these two regions: 19 833 900 8 817 000 (44·5%) Asia 5 381 300 (27·1%) Of 945 northern America, Australia New Zealand, central Europe, approximately 35·0% (323 700) weighed less than g: 5·8% CI 5·2–6·4; 54 800 [95% 49 400–60 800]) 1000 g, 9·0% (8·7–9·4; 85 400 [82 000–88 900]) g 1499 19·4% (19·0–19·8; 183 500 [180 000–187 000]) 1500 1999 g. Interpretation Insufficient has over past decades meet Accelerating requires investments lifecycle focused primary prevention, especially adolescent girls women living most affected countries. With increasing numbers facilities advancing electronic information systems, improvements quality availability are achievable. Funding The Children's Investment Fund Foundation; UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO World Bank Special Programme Research, Development Research Training Human Reproduction; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Language: Английский

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The transcriptomic landscape of monosomy X (45,X) during early human fetal and placental development

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

Abstract Monosomy X (45,X) is associated with Turner syndrome and pregnancy loss in humans, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We therefore undertook an exploratory study of transcriptomic landscape clinically relevant human fetal 45,X tissues (including pancreas, liver, kidney, skin, placenta) matched 46,XX 46,XY control samples between 11 15 weeks post conception ( n = 78). Although most pseudoautosomal region 1 (PAR1) genes are lower monosomy tissues, we also found reduced expression several key escaping inactivation (e.g., KDM5C KDM6A ), ancestral X-Y gene pairs, potentially important transcripts such as implicated ascending aortic aneurysm. In contrast, higher autosomal, long non-coding RNA OVCH1-AS1 ) seen all tissues. placenta, CSF2RA demonstrated, likely contributing to immune dysregulation. Taken together, these findings provide insights into biological consequences a single chromosome during early development potential genetic syndrome.

Language: Английский

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Exposure to metal mixtures and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes: A systematic review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 908, P. 168380 - 168380

Published: Nov. 12, 2023

Language: Английский

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Associations of prenatal one-carbon metabolism nutrients and metals with epigenetic aging biomarkers at birth and in childhood in a US cohort

Aging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 3107 - 3136

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

Epigenetic gestational age acceleration (EGAA) at birth and epigenetic (EAA) in childhood may be biomarkers of the intrauterine environment. We investigated extent to which first-trimester folate, B

Language: Английский

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The effect of low birth weight as an intrauterine exposure on the early onset of sarcopenia through possible molecular pathways

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 770 - 780

Published: March 29, 2024

Sarcopenia, a musculoskeletal disease characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and physical performance, presents significant challenges to global public health due its adverse effects on mobility, morbidity, mortality, healthcare costs. This comprehensive review explores intricate connections between sarcopenia low birth weight (LBW), emphasizing developmental origins (DOHaD) hypothesis, inflammatory processes (inflammaging), mitochondrial dysfunction, circadian rhythm disruptions, epigenetic mechanisms, genetic variations revealed through genome-wide studies (GWAS). A systematic search strategy was developed using PubMed identify relevant English-language publications sarcopenia, LBW, DOHaD, inflammaging, disruption, GWAS. The consist 46.2% reviews, 21.2% cohort studies, 4.8% 1.9% cross-sectional 13.4% animal 5.8% epigenome-wide book chapters. identified key factors contributing development, including DOHaD LBW impact influence clock genes, role theory suggests that induces alterations during foetal impacting long-term outcomes, early onset sarcopenia. correlates with reduced grip lean body mass in adulthood, increasing risk Chronic inflammation (inflammaging) dysfunction contribute linked increased oxidative stress dysfunction. Disrupted rhythms, regulated genes such as BMAL1 CLOCK, are associated both lipid metabolism, ageing process. Early-life exposures, induce modifications like DNA methylation (DNAm) histone changes, playing pivotal development. Genome-wide have candidate variants weakness, providing insights into disorder. emerges potential predictor reflecting intrauterine exposures outcomes. Understanding complex interplay is essential for elucidating pathogenesis developing targeted interventions. Future research GWAS underlying mechanisms LBW-associated warranted inform preventive strategies improve

Language: Английский

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Spatio-temporal distribution and socioeconomic inequality of low birthweight rate in China from 1992 to 2021 and its predictions to 2030

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0310944 - e0310944

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

This paper aims to investigate the trend, spatio-temporal distribution, and socioeconomic inequality of low birthweight rate (LBWR) in China from 1992 2021 project LBWR 2030. We performed a secondary analysis data Health Statistics Yearbook. refers ratio number infants born with birth weight less than 2,500 grams live births given year. used joinpoint regression models estimate trends for whole country 2002 three regions (eastern, central, western regions) each province. The slope index (SII) relative (RII) were calculated year based on provincial data. increased 2.52% (1992) 3.70% (2021), average annual percentage change (AAPC) (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 1.35% (0.22%, 2.49%) China. overall greatest Eastern region, but had fastest increase Western an AAPC CI) 3.15% (2.59%, 3.12%). There differences between provinces. SII RII linearly -0.15 0.94 0.53 ( B = 0.035%, p < 0.001) 1.16 0.011, 0.01), respectively, over past 20 years. results ARIAM model showed that National will be increasedfrom 5.28% LBWRs eastern, central 2030 4.93%, 6.02% 5.82%, respectively. local governments must prioritize disadvantaged groups mitigate rapid prevalence LBWR, reduce regional disparities, improve perinatal infant health equity

Language: Английский

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Fetal spina bifida associates with dysregulation in nutrient‐sensitive placental gene networks: Findings from a matched case–control study

Clinical and Translational Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

To improve outcomes in fetuses with spina bifida (SB), better understanding is needed of the molecular drivers SB and its comorbidities. Pregnant people carrying a fetus isolated (cases; n = 12) or no congenital anomalies (controls; 21) were recruited at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Clinical data placental samples collected. Placental transcriptome was sequenced (Clariom D microarray) nutrient-focused gene expression analysis pipeline applied to determine whether fetal associates dysfunction. Of 391 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) cases, 11% (n 42) had least one nutrient cofactor, including B vitamins 7 genes), iron/heme 6), zinc 11). Cases dysregulation not previously known associate SB, that have links but been identified placenta. also downregulated transport upregulated branching angiogenesis immune/inflammatory processes. Five nutrient-dependent transcription regulators, collectively predicted target 46% DEGs most commonly dependent on 3) 2). changes acute cases poor growth. Placentae from several networks, those are sensitive multiple micronutrients beyond well-known folic acid. An improved phenotype may help identify novel mechanisms associated comorbidities reveal new targets this population.

Language: Английский

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Prenatal exposure to multiple persistent organic pollutants in association with adiposity markers and blood pressure in preadolescents

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 178, P. 108056 - 108056

Published: June 22, 2023

Several studies have reported that prenatal exposure to some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is associated with higher adiposity in childhood. Few assessed whether this finding persists into adolescence, and few considered POPs as a mixture. This study aims assess the association between multiple markers blood pressure preadolescents.This included 1667 mother-child pairs enrolled PELAGIE (France) INMA (Spain) cohorts. Three polychlorobiphenyls (PCB 138, 153 180, treated sum of PCBs) three organochlorine pesticides (p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene [p,p'-DDE], β-hexachlorocyclohexane [β-HCH], hexachlorobenzene [HCB]) were maternal or cord serum. Body mass index z-score (zBMI), abdominal obesity (waist-to-height ratio > 0.5), percentage fat mass, (mmHg) measured at around 12 years age. Single-exposure associations studied using linear logistic regressions, POP mixture effect was evaluated quantile G-computation (qgComp) Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR). All models adjusted for potential confounders performed boys girls together separately.Prenatal zBMI (beta [95 % CI] qgComp = 0.15 [0.07; 0.24]) (0.83 [0.31; 1.35]), no evidence sex-specific association. These effects also statistically significant BKMR. driven mainly by HCB and, lesser extent, β-HCH. In addition, single-exposure showed an β-HCH p,p'-DDE systolic pressure, especially (p,p'-DDE 1.00 [0.15; 1.86]). No found PCBs.This suggests POPs, particularly pesticides, remains unfavorable cardiometabolic health up age 12.

Language: Английский

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Integrated Placental Modelling of Histology with Gene Expression to Identify Functional Impact on Fetal Growth

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1093 - 1093

Published: April 6, 2023

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Altered placental formation functional capacity are major contributors to FGR pathogenesis. Relating structure function across the placenta in healthy pregnancies remains largely unexplored but could improve understanding diseases. We investigated integration these parameters spatially term human using predictive modelling. Systematic sampling was able overcome heterogeneity morphological molecular features. Defects villous development, elevated fibrosis, reduced expression marker genes (IGF2, VEGA, SLC38A1, SLC2A3) were seen age-matched versus control placentas. Characteristic histopathological changes with specific accompanying signatures be integrated through computational modelling predict if came from or pregnancy. Our findings yield new insights into spatial relationship between etiology FGR.

Language: Английский

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A computational model to analyze the impact of birth weight-nutritional status pair on disease development and disease recovery

Health Information Science and Systems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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