Current Advances in Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) and the Future Potential of PDT-Combinatorial Cancer Therapies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 1023 - 1023

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a two-stage treatment that implies the use of light energy, oxygen, and light-activated compounds (photosensitizers) to elicit cancerous precancerous cell death after activation (phototoxicity). The biophysical, bioengineering aspects its combinations with other strategies are highlighted in this review, both conceptually as they currently applied clinically. We further explore recent advancements PDT nanotechnology, including quantum dots innovative photosensitizers or energy donors well combination radiotherapy immunotherapy future promising cancer treatments. Finally, we emphasize potential significance organoids physiologically relevant models for PDT.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders: Mechanisms and implications

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 15 - 34

Published: Oct. 16, 2024

Neuroprotection is a proactive approach to safeguarding the nervous system, including brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, by preventing or limiting damage nerve cells other components. It primarily defends central system against injury from acute progressive neurodegenerative disorders. Oxidative stress, an imbalance between body's natural defense mechanisms generation of reactive oxygen species, crucial in developing neurological Due its high metabolic rate consumption, brain particularly vulnerable oxidative stress. Excessive ROS damages essential biomolecules, leading cellular malfunction neurodegeneration. Several disorders, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple ischemic stroke, are associated with Understanding impact stress these conditions for new treatment methods. Researchers exploring using antioxidants molecules mitigate aiming prevent slow down progression diseases. By understanding intricate interplay scientists hope pave way innovative therapeutic preventive approaches, ultimately improving individuals' living standards.

Language: Английский

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Antioxidant Compounds from Edible Mushrooms as Potential Candidates for Treating Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 1913 - 1913

Published: April 15, 2023

The last century has seen an increase in our life expectancy. As a result, various age-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), have emerged, representing new challenges to society. Oxidative stress (OS), condition of redox imbalance resulting from excessive production reactive oxygen species, represents common feature that characterizes the brains elderly people, thus contributing NDs. Consequently, antioxidant supplementation or dietary intake antioxidant-containing foods could represent effective preventive and therapeutic intervention maintain integrity survival neurons counteract pathologies associated with aging. Food contains numerous bioactive molecules beneficial actions for human health. To this purpose, wide range edible mushrooms been reported produce different compounds phenolics, flavonoids, polysaccharides, vitamins, carotenoids, ergothioneine, others, which might be used enhance defenses and, consequently, prevention neurological diseases. In review, we summarized role oxidative NDs, focusing on current knowledge present mushrooms, highlighting their potential preserve healthy aging by counteracting age-associated

Language: Английский

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The neuroprotective effects of targeting key factors of neuronal cell death in neurodegenerative diseases: The role of ER stress, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: March 6, 2023

Neuronal loss is one of the striking causes various central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including major neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), Huntington’s (HD), and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although these diseases have different features clinical manifestations, they share some common mechanisms pathology. Progressive regional neurons in patients responsible for motor, memory, cognitive dysfunctions, leading to disabilities death. cell death linked pathways conditions. Protein misfolding aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, generation reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation innate immune response are most critical hallmarks diseases. Thus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative neuroinflammation pathological factors neuronal Even though exact not fully discovered, notable role mentioned well known. On this basis, researchers been prompted investigate neuroprotective effects targeting underlying determine a promising therapeutic approach treatment. This review provides an overview ER death, mainly discussing or molecules involved factors.

Language: Английский

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Quinones as Neuroprotective Agents

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1464 - 1464

Published: July 20, 2023

Quinones can in principle be viewed as a double-edged sword the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, since they are often cytoprotective but also cytotoxic due to covalent and redox modification biomolecules. Nevertheless, low doses moderately electrophilic quinones generally cytoprotective, mainly their ability activate Keap1/Nrf2 pathway thus induce expression detoxifying enzymes. Some natural have relevant roles important physiological processes. One them is coenzyme Q

Language: Английский

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Diabetic Nephropathy: Significance of Determining Oxidative Stress and Opportunities for Antioxidant Therapies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(15), P. 12378 - 12378

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) belongs to the category of socially significant diseases with epidemic rates increases in prevalence. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a specific kind kidney damage that occurs 40% patients DM and considered serious complication DM. Most modern methods for treatments aimed at slowing down progression DN have side effects do not produce unambiguous positive results long term. This fact has encouraged researchers search additional or alternative treatment methods. Hyperglycemia negative effect on renal structures due number factors, including activation polyol hexosamine glucose metabolism pathways, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone sympathetic nervous systems, accumulation advanced glycation end products insulin resistance endothelial dysfunction tissues. The above mechanisms cause development oxidative stress (OS) reactions mitochondrial dysfunction, which turn contribute DN. Modern antioxidant therapies involve various phytochemicals (food antioxidants, resveratrol, curcumin, alpha-lipoic acid preparations, etc.), are widely used only diabetes but also other systemic diseases. It been suggested therapeutic approaches target source reactive oxygen species may certain advantages terms nephroprotection from OS. review describes significance studies OS biomarkers pathogenesis analyzes reducing intensity prevention

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 70 - 70

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Oxidative stress (OS) refers to the production of a substantial amount reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading cellular and organ damage. This imbalance between oxidant antioxidant activity contributes various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative conditions. The body’s system, mediated by signaling pathways, includes AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO pathway. In oxidative conditions, AMPK, an energy sensor, activates SIRT1, which in turn stimulates FOXO transcription factor. cascade enhances mitochondrial function, reduces damage, mitigates OS-induced injury. review provides comprehensive analysis biological roles, regulatory mechanisms, functions pathway diseases influenced OS, offering new insights methods for understanding OS pathogenesis its therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells (ECFCs) in Cerebrovascular Aging: Focus on the Pathogenesis of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID), and Treatment Prospects

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102672 - 102672

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Importance of Antioxidant Activity for the Health-Promoting Effect of Lycopene

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(17), P. 3821 - 3821

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Lycopene is a compound of colored origin that shows strong antioxidant activity. The positive effect lycopene the result its pleiotropic effect. ability to neutralize free radicals via one foundations pro-health effect, including inhibit development many civilization diseases. Therefore, this study focuses on importance in inhibiting diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, within nervous system, diabetes, liver and ulcerative colitis. According research mentioned, supplementation has significant promise for treatment illnesses marked by chronic inflammation oxidative stress. However, majority supporting data lycopene′s health benefits comes from experimental research, whereas evidence clinical studies both scarcer less certain any benefits. Research humans still required establish effectiveness.

Language: Английский

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Protein aggregation: Consequences, mechanism, characterization and inhibitory strategies

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 242, P. 125123 - 125123

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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