Symptoms of ADHD and Other Common Mental Disorders Influence Academic Success in South African Undergraduates

Journal of Attention Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Objective: ADHD symptoms are highly prevalent among university students. These symptoms, particularly the inattentive cluster, predispose students to poorer academic performance and worse adjustment. Moreover, often comorbid with other common mental disorders; this comorbidity also leads poor outcomes. South African have fewer resources successfully transition university. Hence, our longitudinal study used data from a sample of first-year undergraduate investigate (a) associations between performance/adjustment, (b) separate influences hyperactivity-impulsivity clusters on (c) influence combination psychiatric comorbidities performance/adjustment. Method: We collected three times through first semester 2023. Predictors within regression models included sociodemographic variables, psychological variables (self-reported ADHD, depression, anxiety, risky alcohol use), high school performance. Outcomes were first-semester GPA self-reported adjustment (magnitude change across overall at end semester). Results: Analyses showed that, unlike ( N = 506), magnitude in 180) was significantly predicted by p .02), depression < .001), anxiety .01). Inattentive both Conclusions: Our findings suggest that presence (both without disorders) is associated smaller adjustment, significant informing future interventions targeting outcomes

Language: Английский

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Mental Health and COVID-19 in University Students: Findings from a Qualitative, Comparative Study in Italy and the UK

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. 4071 - 4071

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

COVID-19 restrictions introduced several changes in university academic and social experience. Self-isolation online teaching have amplified students' mental health vulnerability. Thus, we aimed to explore feelings perspectives about the impact of pandemic on health, comparing students from Italy UK.Data were collected qualitative portion "the CAMPUS study", longitudinally assessing at University Milano-Bicocca (Italy) Surrey (UK). We conducted in-depth interviews thematically analysed transcripts.The explanatory model was developed four themes identified across 33 interviews: anxiety exacerbated by COVID-19; putative mechanisms leading poor health; most vulnerable subgroups; coping strategies. Generalised resulted being associated with loneliness, excessive time online, unhealthy management space communication university. Freshers, international students, people extremes introversion/extroversion spectrum, as vulnerable, while effective strategies included taking advantage free time, connection family support. The mostly related issues Italy, whereas drastic loss connectedness UK sample.Mental support for has an essential role, measures that encourage are likely be beneficial.

Language: Английский

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Understanding University Students' Perspectives towards Digital Tools for Mental Health Support: A Cross-country Study

Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Background Organisational and individual barriers often prevent university students from seeking mental health support. Digital technologies are recognised as effective in managing psychological distress a source of health-related information, thus representing useful options to address needs terms accessibility cost-effectiveness. However, students' experiences perspectives towards such interventions little known. Objectives We aimed expand the existing base scientific knowledge, focusing on this special population. Methods Data were qualitative component “the CAMPUS study”, longitudinally assessing at University Milano-Bicocca (Italy) Surrey (UK). conducted in-depth interviews thematically analysed transcripts using framework approach. Results An explanatory model was derived five themes identified across 33 (15 for Italy, 18 UK). Students perceived that social media, apps, podcasts could deliver relevant content, ranging primary tertiary prevention. Wide availability anonymity advantages make tools suitable preventive interventions, reduce stigma, an extension standard treatment. These goals can be hindered by disadvantages, namely lower efficacy compared face-to-face contact, lack personalisation, problematic engagement. Individual cultural specificities might influence awareness use digital Conclusion Although considering some specific features, instrument support students. Since personal contact remains crucial, should integrated with through multi-modal

Language: Английский

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Present and Future Undergraduate Students’ Well-Being: Role of Time Perspective, Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulation and Intention to Drop-Out

Education Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 202 - 202

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Well-being is a multidimensional construct that affects various areas of person’s life. In the university context, student’s well-being can influence not only their academic and professional success but also future development society. This study aimed to evaluate how interactions time perspective (assessed by Stanford Time Perspective Inventory—Short Form), self-efficacy General Self-efficacy Scale), self-regulation Self-regulated Knowledge Scale—University), drop-out intention Intention Drop-Out Scale) affect students’ perceptions current I COPPE Scale). Using cross-sectional design, 192 students attending University Cagliari (Italy) were evaluated. A partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) analysis was performed examine relationships among all variables examined herein. The empirical findings highlighted direct indirect effects studied on well-being.

Language: Английский

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Association of sociodemographic, proximal, and distal clinical factors with current suicidal ideation: Findings from a nonclinical sample of young adults

European Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract Background Accumulating evidence indicates that a variety of distal and proximal factors might impact risk suicide. However, the association between both groups remains unknown. Therefore, in present study, we aimed to investigate interplay correlates current suicidal ideation. Methods A total 3,000 individuals (aged 18–35 years, 41.7% males), who had reported negative history psychiatric treatment, were enrolled through an online computer-assisted web interview. Self-reports administered measure: (a) factors: childhood trauma (CT), reading disabilities (RDs), symptoms attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), lifetime non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), problematic substance use as well family schizophrenia mood disorders; (b) depressive symptoms, psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), insomnia; (c) sociodemographic characteristics. Results Suicidal ideation was directly associated with unemployment, being single, higher level RD, NSSI severity PLEs, depression, insomnia. The fully (a CT ADHD) or partially RD) mediated by (PLEs, insomnia). Conclusions Main findings from this study posit role related neurodevelopmental disorders, shaping suicide risk. Their effects be

Language: Английский

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Listening habits and subjective effects of background music in young adults with and without ADHD

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Adults listen to an average of 20.7 hours music per week, according a study conducted across 26 countries. Numerous studies indicate that listening can have beneficial effects on cognitive performance and emotional well-being. Music habits may vary depending individual needs contexts. However, limited number specifically examined the patterns background usage during various more or less activities, especially among individuals with attentional difficulties related ADHD. This primarily aimed compare daily activities are (e.g., studying, problem-solving versus cleaning, engaging in sports) between neurotypical young adults those screened for ADHD (respondents who were identified as likely having based self-reported symptoms). To achieve this, 434 aged 17 30 responded online survey. The results certain differ significantly ADHD-screened groups. group reports while compared group. also reveal difference proportion preferring stimulating groups: report frequent music, regardless activity type (more cognitive). Other aspects common both Regardless group, respondents reported relaxing, instrumental, familiar self-chosen whereas mentioned is stimulating, lyrics, self-chosen. Overall, confirm most their perceive positive from this listening.

Language: Английский

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Predicting the Deviation from the Standard Study Period and Dropout Intentions Through Depression Severity and Social Integration Among University Students in Germany: A Longitudinal Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(5), P. 667 - 667

Published: April 24, 2025

Mental health problems among university students have become a growing concern for higher education institutions. Students experiencing mental issues, with depression being the most prevalent disorder, tend to take longer graduate and risk of dropping out university. This study examines predictive values severity (Patient Health Questionnaire Depression—PHQ-9), use psychosocial counseling, social integration on deviation from standard period dropout intentions. A total 3300 at University Kassel, Germany were surveyed baseline in March 2022; 1744 provided an email address gave permission contact them individually follow-up survey 2023. After eliminating dropouts questionnaires lot missing values, final sample consisted 500 who participated both time points. Longitudinal data used descriptive, correlational, multiple linear regression analyses. Multiple analyses revealed significant adverse value PHQ-9 (β = −0.082; p < 0.05) period. The found positive 0.190; 0.001) examination grades 0.108, Furthermore, this could not confirm difficulties interaction fellow lecturers results highlight role promotion, networks depressive symptoms. Concluding, networked approach universities involving students, lecturers, counseling services, management is recommended.

Language: Английский

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Substance use disorders in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: The role of affective temperament

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 354, P. 253 - 257

Published: March 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Associations Between Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Traits and Sociodemographic Characteristics in Japanese Workers

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 759 - 773

Published: April 1, 2023

Most previous studies that described associations between adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and sociodemographic characteristics were focused on individuals diagnosed with ADHD, few investigated ADHD traits in the general population. Additionally, some workers, who experienced no problems while at university successfully graduated from university, developed after finding employment. This study among Japanese workers graduates.Participants randomly selected (n=1240) across Japan completed a self-administered online survey. measured using an Self-report Scale, scoring rules applied to reflect Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria. Information was collected including sex, age, socioeconomic status, working time, health-related behaviors. We performed partial correlation analysis estimate trend used covariance compare adjusted averages. model for all variables.Males had higher levels than females (p = 0.001), younger age associated < 0.001). Workers low incomes high 0.009). More frequent consumption midnight meals although there differences breakfast, lunch, dinner. Those did not get enough rest sleep 0.007).Results consistent adults even though participants university. Assessment these may support prevention health deterioration related traits.

Language: Английский

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Empirically derived symptom profiles in adults with attention-Deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An unsupervised machine learning approach

Applied Neuropsychology Adult, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 10

Published: April 24, 2024

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with various cognitive, behavioral, and mood symptoms that complicate diagnosis treatment. The heterogeneity of these may also vary depending on certain sociodemographic factors. It therefore important to establish more homogenous symptom profiles in patients ADHD determine their association the patient's makeup. current study used unsupervised machine learning identify across adults ADHD. was then examined whether differed based relevant

Language: Английский

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