Identification of the novel exhausted T cell CD8 + markers in breast cancer

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

Cancer is one of the most concerning public health issues and breast cancer common cancers in world. The immune cells within tumor microenvironment regulate development. In this study, single cell data sets were used to identify marker gene for exhausted CD8 + T (CD8Tex) cancer. Machine learning methods cluster subtypes establish prognostic models with bulk using evaluate impacts CD8Tex. We analyzed overexpressing survival-associated genes identified CD8Tex hub protein-protein-interaction network. relevance T-cells was evaluated. clinical associations sequencing spatial data. pan-cancer expression, survival, association analyzed. biomarker CD8Tex-based subtyping systems performed well separation patients different survival. CRTAM, CLEC2D, KLRB1 as demonstrated have potential therapy impact. This study provides a unique view critical therapy.

Language: Английский

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Advancements and challenges in triple-negative breast cancer: a comprehensive review of therapeutic and diagnostic strategies

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 28, 2024

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant challenges in oncology due to its aggressive nature, limited treatment options, and poorer prognosis compared other subtypes. This comprehensive review examines the therapeutic diagnostic landscape of TNBC, highlighting current strategies, emerging therapies, future directions. Targeted including PARP inhibitors, immune checkpoint EGFR hold promise for personalized approaches. Challenges identifying novel targets, exploring combination developing predictive biomarkers must be addressed optimize targeted therapy TNBC. Immunotherapy represents a transformative approach TNBC treatment, yet biomarker identification, overcoming resistance persist. Precision medicine approaches offer opportunities tailored based on tumor biology, but integration multi-omics data clinical implementation present requiring innovative solutions. Despite these challenges, ongoing research efforts collaborative initiatives hope improving outcomes advancing strategies By addressing complexities biology effective approaches, treatments can realized, ultimately enhancing lives patients. Continued research, trials, interdisciplinary collaborations are essential realizing this vision making meaningful progress management.

Language: Английский

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Oncolytic virus-based combination therapy in breast cancer

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 585, P. 216634 - 216634

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Breast cancer continues to pose significant challenges in the field of oncology, necessitating innovative treatment approaches. Among these, oncolytic viruses have emerged as a promising frontier battle against various types cancer, including breast cancer. These viruses, often genetically modified, unique ability selectively infect and destroy cells while leaving healthy unharmed. Their efficacy tumor eradication is not only owing direct cell lysis but also relies on their capacity activate immune system, thereby eliciting potent sustained antitumor response. While represent advancement treatment, complexity adaptability inherent require diverse array therapies. The concept combining with other modalities, such chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapies, has received attention. This synergistic approach capitalizes strengths each therapy, thus creating comprehensive strategy tackle heterogeneous evolving nature purpose this review provide an in-depth discussion preclinical clinical viro-based combination therapy context

Language: Английский

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Integrating functional proteomics and next generation sequencing reveals potential therapeutic targets for Taiwanese breast cancer

Clinical Proteomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Abstract Integrating functional proteomics and next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers a comprehensive approach to unraveling the molecular intricacies of breast cancer. This study investigates interplay between genomic alterations protein expression in Taiwanese cancer patients. By analyzing 61 samples using tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling spectrometry, coupled with whole-exome (WES) or targeted sequencing, we identified key genetic mutations their impact on expression. Notably, pathogenic variants BRCA1 , BRCA2 PTEN PIK3CA were found be clinically relevant, potentially guiding therapy decisions. Additionally, discovered trans correlations specific gene ( FANCA HRAS MAP2K1 JAK2 ) 22 proteins, suggesting potential mechanisms underlying development progression. These findings highlight power integrating NGS identify therapeutic targets enhance personalized medicine strategies for

Language: Английский

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Rational Identification of Ritonavir as IL-20 Receptor A Ligand Endowed with Antiproliferative Properties in Breast Cancer Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1285 - 1285

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) is an attractive strategy for developing new drugs with anticancer activity against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Interleukins (ILs) are key players in TME cytokine network promoting progression. Recent studies have highlighted involvement of IL-20 receptor subunit alpha (IL-20RA) signalling several cancers, including BC, which IL-20RA highly expressed, correlating poor prognosis and influencing tumoral characteristics such as proliferation, cell death, invasiveness, activity. Therefore, elucidating role pathway could form basis therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to identify selective bioactive ligands able affect Virtual screening over 310,000 compounds from both DrugBank ZINC15 databases identified four potential hit tested their TNBC vitro lines. Notably, Ritonavir, a well-known Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitor, significantly inhibited proliferation (about 40% at 50 µM, p < 0.001). preincubation counteracted Ritonavir’s cytostatic effect while knockdown restored Ritonavir-treated cells. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that Ritonavir reduced through modulation, suggesting its repurposing agent management.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Immunological Profile in Breast Cancer: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Prognosis through Circulating Tumor Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 4832 - 4832

Published: April 29, 2024

This review offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate immunological landscape breast cancer (BC), focusing on recent advances in diagnosis and prognosis through analysis circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Positioned within broader context BC research, it underscores pivotal role immune system shaping disease’s progression. The primary objective this investigation is to synthesize current knowledge aspects BC, with particular emphasis diagnostic prognostic potential offered by CTCs. adopts thorough examination relevant literature, incorporating breakthroughs field. methodology section succinctly outlines approach, specific focus CTC its implications for prognosis. Through review, insights into dynamic interplay between are highlighted, CTCs advancing methodologies refining assessments. Furthermore, presents substantiated results, contributing deeper understanding complexity BC. In conclusion, significance exploring profile patients, providing valuable novel utilization presentation findings emphasizes crucial dynamics, thereby opening avenues enhanced clinical management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Applicability of Quantum Dots in Breast Cancer Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities—A State-of-the-Art Review

Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(17), P. 1424 - 1424

Published: Aug. 31, 2024

The increasing incidence of breast cancers (BCs) in the world population and their complexity high metastatic ability are serious concerns for healthcare systems. Despite significant progress medicine made recent decades, efficient treatment invasive still remains challenging. Chemotherapy, a fundamental systemic method, is burdened with severe adverse effects, efficacy limited by resistance development risk disease recurrence. Also, current diagnostic methods have certain drawbacks, attracting attention to idea developing novel, more sensitive detection therapeutic modalities. It seems solution these issues can be provided nanotechnology. Particularly, quantum dots (QDs) been extensively evaluated as potential targeted drug delivery vehicles and, simultaneously, sensing bioimaging probes. These fluorescent nanoparticles offer unlimited possibilities surface modifications, allowing attachment biomolecules, such antibodies or proteins, molecules, among others. In this work, we discuss applicability QDs cancer diagnostics light knowledge. We begin introducing molecular histopathological features BCs, standard regimens, methods. Further, QDs, along uptake, biodistribution patterns, cytotoxicity, described. Based on reports published years, present research possible QD use improving BC chemotherapeutic photosensitizing agents, stages development. also address limitations open questions regarding topic.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Histone Lysine Methyltransferase SUV4-20H2 on Cancer Onset and Progression with Therapeutic Potential

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2498 - 2498

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Histone lysine methyltransferase SUV4-20H2, a member of the suppressor variegation 4-20 homolog (SUV4-20) family, has critical impact on regulation chromatin structure and gene expression. This establishes trimethylation histone H4 20 (H4K20me3), repressive mark that affects several cellular processes. Deregulated SUV4-20H2 activity been associated with altered dynamics, leading to misregulation key genes involved in cell cycle control, apoptosis DNA repair. Emerging research evidence indicates acts as potential epigenetic modifier, contributing development progression malignancies, including breast, colon lung cancer, well renal, hepatocellular pancreatic cancer. Understanding molecular mechanisms underlie SUV4-20H2-mediated effects expression may provide valuable insights into novel therapeutic strategies for targeting alterations Herein, we discuss structural functional aspects cancer onset, prognosis, along current options.

Language: Английский

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Metabolomic Profiling of Disease Progression Following Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 891 - 891

Published: March 5, 2025

This study aims to explore metabolic biomarkers and pathways in breast cancer prognosis. We performed a global post-radiotherapy (RT) urinary metabolomic analysis of 120 patients: 60 progression-free (PF) patients as the reference with progressive disease (PD: recurrence, second primary, metastasis, or death). UPLC-MS/MS (Metabolon Inc.) identified 1742 biochemicals (1258 known 484 unknown structures). Following normalization osmolality, log transformation, imputation missing values, Welch's two-sample t-test was used identify that differed between PF PD groups. Data visualization were MetaboAnalyst. Metabolic significantly groups following: amino acid metabolism, including phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan biosynthesis (impact value (IV) = 1.00; p 0.0007); histidine metabolism (IV 0.60; < 0.0001); arginine proline 0.70; 0.0035). Metabolites carbohydrate glucose (p 0.0197), sedoheptulose 0.0115), carboxymethyl lysine 0.0098), elevated PD. Gamma-glutamyl acids, myo-inositol, oxidative stress biomarkers, 7-Hydroxyindole Sulfate sulfate, who died ≤ 0.05). Amino emerged key pathway progression, while metabolites also showed potential utility for progression. These findings demonstrate applications metabolomics identifying targets predicting

Language: Английский

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Current state of cancer immunity cycle: new strategies and challenges of using precision hydrogels to treat breast cancer

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 7, 2025

The cancer-immunity cycle provides a framework for series of events in anti-cancer immune responses, initiated by T cell-mediated tumor cell killing, which leads to antigen presentation and stimulation. Current immunomodulatory therapies breast cancer are often associated with short duration, poor targeting sites action, severe side effects. Hydrogels, their extracellular matrix-mimicking properties, tunable characteristics, diverse bioactivities, have garnered significant attention ability locally deliver immunomodulators cells, providing an microenvironment recruit, activate, expand host cells. This review focuses on the design considerations hydrogel platforms, including polymer backbone, crosslinking mechanisms, physicochemical components. effects therapeutic outcomes various systems treatment tissue regeneration highlighted, encompassing depots immunomodulator delivery, scaffolds hydrogels dependent inherent material properties. Finally, challenges that persist current future directions discussed.

Language: Английский

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