Alzheimer’s disease: the role of extrinsic factors in its development, an investigation of the environmental enigma

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

In the realm of Alzheimer's disease, most prevalent form dementia, impact environmental factors has ignited intense curiosity due to its substantial burden on global health. Recent investigations have unveiled these as key contributors, shedding new light their profound influence. Notably, emerging evidence highlights detrimental role various contaminants in incidence and progression disease. These encompass a broad spectrum, including air pollutants laden with ozone, neurotoxic metals like lead, aluminum, manganese, cadmium, pesticides insidious effects, ubiquitous presence plastics microplastics. By meticulously delving into intricate web connecting this devastating neurological disorder, comprehensive chapter takes deep dive involvement significant risk for Furthermore, it explores underlying molecular mechanisms through which exert influence, aiming unravel complex interactions that drive pathogenesis Additionally, proposes potential strategies mitigate effects brain health, ultimate goal restoring preserving typical cognitive function. Through exploration, we aim enhance our understanding multifaceted relationship between neurotoxins providing solid foundation developing innovative in-vivo models advancing knowledge pathological processes debilitating condition.

Language: Английский

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Neurotoxicity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 7183 - 7204

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Abstract: The increasing use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) across various fields has led to a growing concern regarding their environmental contamination and inevitable human exposure. Consequently, significant research efforts have been directed toward understanding the effects TiO NPs on both humans environment. Notably, exposure associated with multiple impairments nervous system. This review aims provide an overview documented neurotoxic in different species vitro models. Following exposure, can reach brain, although specific mechanism quantity particles that cross blood-brain barrier (BBB) remain unclear. Exposure shown induce oxidative stress, promote neuroinflammation, disrupt brain biochemistry, ultimately impair neuronal function structure. Subsequent damage may contribute behavioral disorders play role onset progression neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, potential be influenced by factors, including characteristics physicochemical properties NPs. However, systematic comparison under conditions is still lacking. Additionally, our underlying mechanisms exerted remains incomplete fragmented. Given these knowledge gaps, it imperative further investigate hazards risks Keywords: NPs, effects, damage,

Language: Английский

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Navigating the Neuroimmunomodulation Frontier: Pioneering Approaches and Promising Horizons—A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(17), P. 9695 - 9695

Published: Sept. 7, 2024

The research in neuroimmunomodulation aims to shed light on the complex relationships that exist between immune and neurological systems how they affect human body. This multidisciplinary field focuses way responses are influenced by brain activity neural function is impacted immunological signaling. provides important insights into a range of medical disorders. Targeting both pathways, neuroimmunomodulatory approaches used clinical pain management address chronic pain. Pharmacological therapies aim modulate neuroimmune interactions reduce inflammation. Furthermore, bioelectronic techniques like vagus nerve stimulation offer non-invasive control these systems, while neuromodulation transcranial magnetic modify neuronal Within context aging, analyzes ways which alterations brought aging contribute cognitive decline neurodegenerative illnesses. Restoring homeostasis through strategies shows promise reducing age-related decline. Research mood disorders dysregulation relates illnesses including anxiety depression. Immune system fluctuations increasingly recognized for their impact function, leading novel treatments target interactions. review emphasizes interdisciplinary cooperation continuous necessary better understand relationship systems.

Language: Английский

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Adult Neurogenesis of Teleost Fish Determines High Neuronal Plasticity and Regeneration

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3658 - 3658

Published: March 25, 2024

Studying the properties of neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs) in a fish model will provide new information about organization neurogenic niches containing embryonic and adult cells, reflecting their development, origin cell lines proliferative dynamics. Currently, molecular signatures these populations homeostasis repair vertebrate forebrain are being intensively studied. Outside telencephalon, regenerative plasticity NSPCs biological significance have not yet been practically The impressive capacity juvenile salmon to regenerate brain suggests that most likely multipotent, as they capable replacing virtually all lineages lost during injury, including neuroepithelial radial glia, oligodendrocytes, neurons. However, unique profile individual phenotypes diverse remains unclear. Various types neuronal precursors, previously shown, contained sufficient numbers different parts Pacific salmon. This review article aims an update on common models zebrafish other species, salmon, involvement homeostatic growth well reparative processes postraumatic period. Additionally, data presented participation astrocytic glia functioning circuits animal behavior. Thus, from aspect, seen be similar mammalian astrocytes, can therefore also referred astroglia. question exists if astroglia interact functionally with neurons, way counterparts. Future studies this complement those rodents important cellular physiological underlying astroglial function modulate activity behavior animals.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin K2 mitigates cognitive, and motor impairments induced by multiple surgery with anesthesia and analgesia in neonatal stage

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 151784 - 151784

Published: April 1, 2025

Anesthesia and analgesia are essential components for surgical procedures. While the neurotoxic effects of multiple anesthesia exposures during brain development well established, combined impact surgery with on neurodevelopmental remains unknown. In this study, neonatal mice underwent fentanyl sevoflurane (MSFS) postnatal days 6, 8, 10, resulting in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like hyperactivity, impulsive behavior, cognitive impairment, fine motor dysfunction adulthood. Additionally, MSFS inhibited neurogenesis nucleus accumbens (NAc) by reducing neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation differentiation into neurons astrocytes. Pre-administration Vitamin K2 (VK2) 30 min before each procedure significantly mitigated behavioral impairments restored neurogenesis. RNA-sequencing revealed that treatment induced 75 up-regulated 140 down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) NAc, while VK2 pre-administration resulted 149 56 DEGs. Among these, 32 DEGs were but 12 VK2. To identify key regulatory modulated VK2, we performed protein-protein interaction analysis using CytoHubba, which 10 hub genes-DLGAP5, TPX2, KIF20B, PLK1, SGO1, GTSE1, ASPM, CDCA2, BUB1B, NUSAP1-with critical roles cell cycle, division NSCs pathways. The expression was validated RT-qPCR immunofluorescence staining. These findings suggest MSFS-induces ADHD-like behaviors, dysfunction, impaired altering involved pathways, rescued This study presents clinically model investigating toxicity highlights VK2's potential as a neuroprotective agent pediatric involving analgesia.

Language: Английский

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The impact of purine nucleosides on neuroplasticity in the adult brain

Purinergic Signalling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Neural Plasticity after Traumatic Brain Injuries. Importance of neurological rehabilitation

Salud Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The research aimed to deepen the understanding of role neuroplasticity in post-traumatic injuries that cause physical damage neuronal tissue. study focused on how brain, through epigenetic remodeling, adapts and responds these initial facilitate recovery. methodology included a descriptive bibliographic review, limited articles English Spanish published between 2019 2023, using databases such as Clinical Key, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web Science, Google Scholar. Relevant scientific articles, books, recognized guides were included. Additionally, five clinical cases patients with traumatic brain injury evaluated review medical histories interviews care team analyze effectiveness neurorehabilitation. results highlighted plasticity, ability nervous system adapt reorganize, is fundamental for recovery after injury. It was observed processes, both structural functional, allow formation new synapses strengthening existing ones, facilitating motor cognitive functions. Neurorehabilitation, which includes techniques therapy, occupational speech neurostimulation, proved effective improving quality life patients. concluded by emphasizing importance neurorehabilitation injuries, recommending implementation individualized advanced therapeutic approaches optimize outcomes

Language: Английский

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Correlation between Teachers Knowledge, Beliefs, and Frequency of Implementation of Brain Based Learning Strategies

Journal of Enterprise and Business Intelligence, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 190 - 200

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Brain-based learning (BBL) is grounded in an understanding of the structure and function brain, as well empirical evidence derived from cognitive neuroscience research regarding optimal strategies for brain. Educational programs that prioritize brain science their curriculum instructional methods are commonly referred to "brain-based." The aim achieve efficient expeditious education. As per Education Reform, this particular approach based on examines brain's potential restructure itself order enhance its capacity retain retrieve information while engaged process learning. Enhancing one's can be achieved through engaging physical activity, maintaining a healthy diet, effectively managing stress levels. emotional state individual also have impact process. This study presents findings correlation between teachers' knowledge, beliefs, frequency implementation brain-based primary Science classes. questions addressed paper focused determining existence such correlation. comprised 207 educators elementary schools Croatia. results suggest at level possess sound brain-centered pedagogical approaches, yet they infrequently put them into practice. educational remains entrenched historically rooted paradigm has not adequately shifted towards student-centered teaching. evidenced by persistent employment traditional, teacher-led classrooms.

Language: Английский

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Trehalose: A promising new treatment for traumatic brain injury? A systematic review of animal evidence

Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 101947 - 101947

Published: Dec. 29, 2023

TBI is a major global health issue due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. Persistent neurodegeneration following secondary brain injuries significant concern. Trehalose, naturally occurring disaccharide, has shown potential therapeutic effects in preclinical models. This study systematically reviews the clinical data on trehalose as treatment. We conducted systematic review of trehalose's role treatment PRISMA guidelines. Our search spanned from inception PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web Science until August 2023. Google Scholar was also manually searched. The quality studies assessed using SYRCLE's risk bias tool for animal studies. Out sixty-six records reviewed, four were included. These indicated that enhanced motor cognitive functions, reduced oxidative damage inflammation, regulated metal dyshomeostasis, increased neurotrophic factors synaptic proteins, improved autophagy mitochondrial function mouse/rat However, noted. Trehalose demonstrates more rigorous, comprehensive research needed confirm safety efficacy humans.

Language: Английский

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Impact of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation at different frequencies on neurogenesis in a rat model of Parkinson's disease

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(10), P. e30730 - e30730

Published: May 1, 2024

Neurogenesis, play a vital role in neuronal plasticity of adult mammalian brains, and its dysregulation is present the pathophysiology Parkinson's disease (PD). While subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) at various frequencies has been proven effective alleviating PD symptoms, influence on neurogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate effects 1-week electrical 60Hz, 130Hz, 180Hz subventricular zone (SVZ) rats. A hemiparkinsonian rat model was established using 6-hydroxydopamine categorized into six groups: control, PD, sham stimulation, 60Hz 130Hz stimulation. Motor function assessed open field test rotarod after one week STN-DBS different frequencies. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression tissue analyzed via Western blot immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence analysis conducted evaluate BrdU/Sox2, BrdU/GFAP, Ki67/GFAP, BrdU/DCX bilateral SVZ rostral migratory stream (RMS). Our findings revealed that high-frequency improved motor function. Specifically, increased dopaminergic neuron survival model, while significantly enhancing proliferation neural stem cells (NSCs) neuroblasts SVZ. Moreover, this effectively facilitated generation new NSCs ipsilateral RMS triggered emergence fresh RMS, with notable presence within lesioned striatum. Conversely, did not exhibit comparable effects. The observed promotion rats following provides valuable insights mechanistic basis therapeutic approach for PD.

Language: Английский

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