The contribution of fungi to the global economy

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 121(1), P. 95 - 137

Published: July 1, 2023

Abstract Fungi provide ecological and environmental services to humans, as well health nutritional benefits, are vital numerous industries. Fermented food beverage products from fungi circulating in the market, generating billions of USD. However, highest potential monetary value is their role blue carbon trading because ability sequester large amounts soil. There no conclusive estimates available on global fungi, primarily there limited data for extrapolation. This study outlines contribution economy provides a first attempt at quantifying fungi. Our estimate USD 54.57 trillion starting point that can be analysed improved, highlighting significance providing an appreciation value. paper identifies different economically valuable provided by By giving all important fungal products, services, industrial applications underscores biodiversity conservation. Furthermore, if established, they will considered future policies effective ecosystem management.

Language: Английский

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Edible Mushrooms for Sustainable and Healthy Human Food: Nutritional and Medicinal Attributes

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 4941 - 4941

Published: April 20, 2022

Global food production faces many challenges, including climate change, a water crisis, land degradation, and desertification. These challenges require research into non-traditional sources of human foods. Edible mushrooms are considered an important next-generation healthy source. rich in proteins, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, other bioactive components (alkaloids, lactones, polysaccharides, polyphenolic compounds, sesquiterpenes, sterols, terpenoids). Several ingredients can be extracted from edible incorporated health-promoting supplements. It has been suggested that several diseases treated with extracts mushrooms, as these have biological effects anticancer, antidiabetic, antiviral, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, immune-potentiating, hypo-cholesterolemic influences. The current study focuses on sustainable approaches for handling their secondary metabolites, biofortification. Comparisons between poisonous well the common species different ingredients, crucial. Nutritional values health benefits biomedical applications, also emphasized. Further is needed to explore economic sustainability medicinal mushroom compound potential applications against emerging such COVID-19. New nano-biofortification supply essential nutrients and/or increase ingredients.

Language: Английский

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Fungi as a Source of Edible Proteins and Animal Feed

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 73 - 73

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

It is expected that the world population will reach 9 billion by 2050. Thus, meat, dairy or plant-based protein sources fail to meet global demand. New solutions must be offered find innovative and alternative sources. As a natural gift, edible wild mushrooms growing in wet shadow places can picked hand have been used as food. From searching forests producing single cell proteins (SCP) small scales mega production, academia, United Nations Organizations, industries, political makers others, play significant roles. Fermented traditional foods also reinvestigated. For example, kefir, miso, tempeh, are an excellent source for fungal isolates production. Fungi unique criteria of consuming various inexpensive wastes carbon energy biomass, concentrate amino acids with minimal requirement other environmental resources (e.g., light water). Fungal fermented SCP consumed either intentionally unintentionally our daily meals many applications food feed industries. This review addresses fungi animal feed, focusing mainly on SCP, mushrooms, foods, safety their consumption.

Language: Английский

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An Overview on Mushroom Polysaccharides: Health-promoting Properties, Prebiotic and Gut Microbiota Modulation Effects and Structure-function Correlation

Carbohydrate Polymers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 333, P. 121978 - 121978

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

Mushroom polysaccharides are recognized as "biological response modifiers". Besides several bioactivities, a growing interest in their prebiotic potential has been raised due to the gut microbiota modulation potential. This review comprehensively summarizes mushroom polysaccharides' biological properties, structure-function relationship, and underlying mechanisms. It provides recent overview of key findings field (2018–2024). Key limitations on correlation discussed. Although most studies focus β-glucans or extracts, α-glucans chitin have gained interest. Prebiotic capacity associated with chitin, while antimicrobial wound healing is attributed chitin. However, further research utmost importance. Human fecal fermentation reported approach assess potential, indicating impacts intestinal biological, mechanical, chemical immunological barriers. Gut dysbiosis directly connected intestinal, cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological diseases. Concerning modulation, animal experiments suggested proinflammatory cytokines reduction redox balance re-establishment. Most literature focused anticancer immunomodulatory anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, hypocholesterolemic, antilipidemic, antioxidant, neuroprotective properties A significant gaps directions synergistic effects, mechanisms, correlation, clinical trials scientific data also given.

Language: Английский

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An insight into the nutritional and medicinal value of edible mushrooms: A natural treasury for human health

Journal of Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 381, P. 86 - 99

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Current trends, limitations and future research in the fungi?

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 125(1), P. 1 - 71

Published: March 20, 2024

Abstract The field of mycology has grown from an underappreciated subset botany, to a valuable, modern scientific discipline. As this study grown, there have been significant contributions science, technology, and industry, highlighting the value fungi in era. This paper looks at current research, along with existing limitations, suggests future areas where scientists can focus their efforts, mycology. We show how become important emerging diseases medical discuss trends potential drug novel compound discovery. explore phylogenomics, its potential, outcomes address question phylogenomics be applied fungal ecology. In addition, functional genomics studies are discussed importance unravelling intricate mechanisms underlying behaviour, interactions, adaptations, paving way for comprehensive understanding biology. look research building materials, they used as carbon sinks, biocircular economies. numbers always great interest often written about estimates varied greatly. Thus, we needs order obtain more reliable estimates. aspects machine learning (AI) it mycological research. Plant pathogens affecting food production systems on global scale, such, needed area, particularly disease detection. latest data High Throughput Sequencing if still gaining new knowledge same rate before. A review nanotechnology is provided addressed. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi addressed acknowledged. Fungal databases becoming important, therefore provide major databases. Edible medicinal huge medicines, especially Asia prospects discussed. Lifestyle changes (e.g., endophytes, pathogens, and/or saprobes) also extremely trend special issue Diversity.

Language: Английский

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Lentinan's effect on gut microbiota and inflammatory cytokines in 5-FU-induced mucositis mice

AMB Express, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Chemotherapeutic therapies for cancer are frequently associated with cytotoxic side effects that can be harmful to human health, including the development of intestinal mucositis (IM). It mostly affects gastrointestinal tract, causing ulceration, inflammation, and formation lesions in colon. Surprisingly, despite frequency IM, therapeutic choices remain restricted. In our search new therapies, we wanted see how Lentinan (LT), derived from Lentinus edodes, would fare mouse models mucositis. To create model mice, gave them intra-peritoneal doses 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (50 mg/kg) then tested on This examination required constant monitoring several factors, such as body weight fluctuations, food consumption, diarrhea. addition, measured levels certain inflammatory cytokines (Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 (IL-1), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), looked at expression tight junction proteins (Zonula Occludens-1(ZO-1), Claudin-1), mucin-2 levels, into changes gut flora. mucositis, findings showed LT effectively reduced loss, increased intake, relieved Concurrently, saw a decrease TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, well considerable increase concentration IL-10. Furthermore, by increasing length structural integrity (ZO-1, mucin-2, an number goblet cells all confirmed previous findings. Notably, makeup beneficial bacteria stomach well. Finally, suggest prevent 5-fluorouracil-induced mice improving immune function, restoring barrier integrity, rebalancing microbial

Language: Английский

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Ganoderma lucidum: A potential source to surmount viral infections through β-glucans immunomodulatory and triterpenoids antiviral properties

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 769 - 779

Published: June 29, 2021

Language: Английский

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The Antioxidant Properties of Mushroom Polysaccharides can Potentially Mitigate Oxidative Stress, Beta-Cell Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: May 5, 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic and endocrine illness affecting people all over the world of serious health financial concern. Antidiabetic medicine delivered through pharmacotherapy, including synthetic antidiabetic drugs, are known to have several negative effects. Fortunately, natural polysaccharides properties, use these as adjuncts conventional therapy becoming more common, particularly in underdeveloped nations. Oxidative stress has critical role development diabetes (DM). The review current literature presented here focusses, therefore, on antioxidant properties mushroom used management diabetic complications, discusses whether contribute deactivation oxidative stress-related signalling pathways, amelioration β-cell dysfunction insulin resistance. In this study, we conducted systematic relevant information concerning effects mushrooms from electronic databases, such PubMed, Scopus or Google Scholar, for period 1994 2021. total, 104 different been found Most demonstrated beneficial reactive oxygen nitrogen species (RONS) levels. This discuss hyperglycemia other alternative therapies complications their applications limits, order gain better understanding how they can be treat DM. Preclinical phytochemical investigations that most active extracted activity, reducing preventing Further research necessary confirm effectively alleviate hyperglycemia, mechanisms by which do this, investigate might utilized complementary prevention DM future.

Language: Английский

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Ten decadal advances in fungal biology leading towards human well-being

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 116(1), P. 547 - 614

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Fungi are an understudied resource possessing huge potential for developing products that can greatly improve human well-being. In the current paper, we highlight some important discoveries and developments in applied mycology interdisciplinary Life Science research. These examples concern recently introduced drugs treatment of infections neurological diseases; application -OMICS techniques genetic tools medical regulation mycotoxin production; as well highlights mushroom cultivaton Asia. Examples new diagnostic exploitation candidates therapeutic drugs, also given. addition, two entries illustrating latest use fungi biodegradation fungal biomaterial production provided. Some other areas where there have been and/or will be significant included. It is our hope this paper help realise importance a industrial see next decades bring forward many fungus-derived products.

Language: Английский

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